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ADM. System Administration Commands

ADMN. Network Administration Commands

ADMP. Special Files and Protocols

C. Commands

CMD. DOS Commands

F. File Formats

HW. Hardware-dependent Features and Files

LM. LAN Manager Commands and Files

Section LOCAL

M. Miscellaneous Features and File Formats

NADM. ONC Operation and Maintenance Commands

NC. ONC Commands

NF. ONC File Formats

PADM. IPX Operation and Maintenance Commands

SFF. Network File Formats

TC. TCP/IP Commands

X. X11 Commands

Section Z

Manual — OpenDesktop 3.0.0

954 entries

ADM. System Administration Commands

Introintroduction to system administration commands
reject, acceptallows/prevents print requests to a lineprinter or class of printers
acct: acctdisk, acctdusg, accton, acctwtmp, acctoverview of accounting and miscellaneous accounting commands
acctcmscommand summary from per-process accounting records
acctcomsearch and print process accounting file(s)
acctcon: acctcon1, acctcon2, acctconconnect-time accounting
acctmergmerge or add total accounting files
acctonturn on accounting
acctprc: acctprc1, acctprc2, acctprcprocess accounting
acctsh: chargefee, ckpacct, dodisk, lastlogin, monacct, nulladm, prctmp, prdaily, prtacct, runacct, shutacct, startup, turnacct, acctshshell procedures for accounting
addxusers, addxcreate new user accounts given a traditional password file
aioinfoprint out AIO statistics
aiolkinit, aiolkinset up AIO memory locking permissions
alelock and update authentication files
apgenerate account profile for propagation to other machines
asktimeprompt for the correct time of day
asrootrun a command as root
atcronshat and cron administration utility
auditcmdcommand interface for audit subsystem activation, termination, statistic retrieval, and subsystem notification
auditdread audit collection files generated by the audit subsystem and compact the records
auditshmenu driven audit administration utility
authckcheck internal consistency of authentication database
authshadministrator interface for authorization subsystem
autobootautomatically boot the system
backupperforms UNIX backup functions
backupshmenu driven backup administration utility
badtrkscan fixed disk for flaws and creates bad track table
bcheckrccheck and mount root filesystem at system initialization
btldinstall, btldinstinstall boot-time loadable device drivers into the Link Kit
captoinfo, captinfconvert a termcap description into a terminfo description
cbackupperform unattended incremental backup
chg_audit, chauditenable and disable auditing for the next session
checkaddr, checkadrMMDF address verification program
checkqueMMDF queue status report generator
checkupreport on MMDF problems
chrootchange root directory for command
cleanquesend warnings and return expired mail
cleantmpremove temporary files in directories specified
clriclear inode
cnvtmboxconvert XENIX-style mailboxes to MMDF format
configure, configukernel configuration program
consoleprint, cprintprint /usr/adm/messages or any file to a serial printer attached to the printer port of a serial console
crashexamine system images
custominstall software products and components
dbmbuildbuild the MMDF hashed database of alias and routing informa- tion
dbmeditedit the MMDF database file
dcopycopy UNIX filesystems for optimal access time
deliverMMDF mail delivery process
uuchat, dialdial a modem
diskusggenerate disk accounting data by user ID
displaypkg, displpkgdisplay installed packages
divvydisk dividing utility
dlvr_audit, dlvraudproduce audit records for subsystem events
dmesgdisplay the system messages on the console
dosrun DOS and Windows under UNIX (DOS Services)
dkinit, dparamdisplay/change hard disk characteristics
e3dsetupconfigure 3Com 3c507 EtherLink 16 and 16 T network adapter cards
eccd, eccmemory Error Correction Code (ECC) facility
eisareport on boards that are installed on the EISA bus
fdiskmaintain disk partitions
fdswapswap default boot floppy drive
fflist file names and statistics for a filesystem
cps, fixmogmake all system files consistent with the authentication database, make specific system files consistent with the authentication database
fixpermexamine, correct or initialize file permissions and ownership
fsaveinteractive, error-checking filesystem backup
dfsck, fsckcheck and repair filesystems
fsdbfilesystem debugger
fsnameprint or change the name of a file system
fsphotoperform periodic semi-automated system backups
fsstatreport file system status
fstypdetermine filesystem type
fuseridentify processes using a file or filesystem
wtmpfix, fwtmpmanipulate connect accounting records
goodpwcheck a password for non-obviousness
graphdraw a graph
grpckcheck group file
reboot, haltsysclose out filesystems and shut down the system
idaddldadd or remove line disciplines from kernel configuration files
idmkenv, idmkunix, idconfig, idvidi, idscsi, idbuildbuild new UNIX system kernel
idcheckreturn selected information about system configuration
idinstall, idinstadd, delete, update, or get device driver configuration data
idleoutlog out idle users
idmkinitread files containing inittab specifications
idmknodremove nodes and read specifications of nodes
idspaceinvestigate free space
idtuneattempt to set value of a tunable parameter
infocmpcompare or print out terminfo descriptions
initcondspecial security actions for init and getty
initscript, initscrscript that executes inittab commands
installinstall commands
installfadd a file to the software installation database
installpkg, instpkginstall package
integrity, integrtyexamine system files against the authentication database
ipcrmremove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory ID
ipcsreport the status of inter-process communication facilities
kbmodeset keyboard mode or test keyboard support
killallkill all active processes
labelitprovide labels for filesystems
ldsysdump, ldsysdmpload a system memory image dump
unlink, linklink and unlink files and directories
link_unix, linkunixbuild a new UNIX system kernel
listlist processor channel for MMDF
lliconfig, llicnfgdisplay all LLI drivers currently configured on the system
llistatdisplay LLI driver statistics
lpadminconfigure the print service
lpfilteradminister filters used with the print service
lpformsadminister forms used with the print service
lpmovemove print requests
lpshut, lpschedstart/stop the print service
lpshmenu driven lp print service administration utility
lpusersset printing queue priorities
majorsinuse, majorsdisplay the list of major device numbers currently specified in the mdevice file
makekeygenerate an encryption key
memsizeprint memory size
menumerge, menumrgmerge sysadmmenu(F) files
mkdevcall scripts to add peripheral devices
mkfsconstruct a filesystem
mmdfroute mail locally and over any supported network
mmdfalias, mmdfaliaconvert XENIX-style aliases file to MMDF format
mnlistconvert a XENIX-style Micnet routing file to MMDF format
mountmount and unmount a file structure
umountall, mountallmount, unmount multiple file systems
mvdirmove a directory
ncfgmenu-driven network configuration utility
ncheckgenerate names from inode numbers
netconfig, netconfconfigure networking products
netutiladminister the Micnet network
nictableprocess NIC database into channel/domain tables
nlsadminnetwork listener service administration
pipelist or define pipe filesystem
pkgaddtransfer software package to the system
pkgaskstore answers to a request script
pkgchkcheck accuracy of installation
pkginfodisplay software package information
pkgmkproduce an installable package
pkgparam, pkgparmdisplay package parameter values
pkgproto, pkgprotgenerate a prototype(F) file
pkgrmremove a package from the system
pkgtrans, pkgtrtranslate package format
profiler: prfld, prfstat, prfdc, prfsnap, prfpr, profilersystem profiler
pwckcheck password file
pwunconv, pwconvinstall and update the shadow password file remove the shadow password file
rc0run commands performed to stop the operating system
rc2run commands performed for multiuser environment
reduceperform audit data analysis and reduction
relaxchange system security defaults
reloginrename login entry to show current layer
removefremove a file from software database
repackman, repckmanconvert man pages to packed format
restoreincremental filesystem backup restore
rmailsubmit remote mail received via UUCP
removepkg, rmpkgremove installed package
rmgroup, rmpasswd, rmuserremove user accounts
runacctrun daily accounting
sagsystem activity graph
sa1, sa2, sadc, sarsystem activity report package
scheduledatabase for automated system backups
scsibadblk, scsibblkscan hard disk for defective blocks and attempt to reallocate them
sdd, sdstart a no-LUID daemon
setclockset the system real-time (time of day) clock
setmntestablish /etc/mnttab table
settimechange the access and modification dates of files
sfmtperform special formatting
shutdownterminate all processing
smcsetupconfigures supported Standard Microsystems (SMC) and Western Digital 8003 and 8013 series network adapter cards
straceprint STREAMS trace messages
strcleanSTREAMS error logger cleanup program
strerrSTREAMS error logger daemon
submitMMDF mail queue manager
suloginaccess single-user mode
swapswap administrative interface
syncupdate the super block
sysadmshmenu driven system administration utility
sysdefoutput values of tunable parameters
smmck, authckrc, tcbcktrusted computing base checker single-user mode tcb check script multi-user mode tcb check script
timextime a command; report process data and system activity
tplotgraphics filters
termupd, ttyupdupdate the Terminal Control database
tuneshadministrator interface for kernel tuning
uadminadministrative control
chtype, unretirechange the usertype of an account
uucheckcheck the UUCP directories and permissions file
uucicofile transport program for the UUCP system
uucleanUUCP spool directory clean-up
uudemon: uudemon.admin, uudemon.clean, uudemon.hour, uudemon.poll, uudemon.poll2, uudemonUUCP administrative scripts
uuinstall, uuinstaladminister UUCP control files
uulistconvert a UUCP routing file to MMDF format
uuschedthe scheduler for the UUCP file transport program
uutrytry to contact remote system with debugging on
uuxqtexecute remote command requests
vectorsinuse, vectorsdisplay the list of vectors currently specified in the sdevice file
volcopymake literal copy of UNIX filesystem
wallwrite to all users
wdnsetupconfigures Western Digital network adapter cards
wtinitobject downloader for the 5620 DMD terminal
xbackupperform XENIX incremental filesystem backup
xdumpdirprint the names of files on a XENIX backup archive
xinstallXENIX installation shell script
xrestore, xrestorinvoke XENIX incremental filesystem restorer
xtdextract and print xt driver link structure
xtsextract and print xt driver statistics
xttextract and print xt driver packet traces

ADMN. Network Administration Commands

Introintroduction to miscellaneous
arpaddress resolution display and control
bootpdInternet Boot Protocol server
comsatbiff server
cpdCopy Protection Daemon
digsend domain name query packets to name servers
fingerdremote user information server
ftpdDARPA Internet File Transfer Protocol server
gatedgateway routing daemon
gettable, getableget NIC format host tables from a host
getidprogram to retrieve the system MIB variables from an SNMP entity
getmanyprogram to retrieve classes of variables from an SNMP entity
getnextprogram that retrieves variables from an SNMP entity
getoneprogram that retrieves variables from an SNMP entity
getroute, getrtea program to extract the routing information from an SNMP entity
hostname, hstnamehost name resolution description
htableconvert NIC standard format host tables
ifconfig, ifcnfgconfigure network interface parameters
inetdinternet ``super-server''
ldsocket, ldscktload socket configuration
lmailhandle local mail delivery from sendmail
lpdline printer daemon
mailaddr, mailadrmail addressing description
mconnect, mconnctconnect to SMTP mail server socket
mkhostsmake node name commands
namedInternet domain name server
nbdNetBIOS daemon
netbiosNetBIOS startup/shutdown script
ntpdateset the date and time via NTP
ntpqstandard Network Time Protocol query program
pingsend ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
ppplogin shell for the Point-to-Point Protocol
pppdPoint-to-Point protocol daemon
pppstatshow PPP status
rarpdDARPA Reverse Address Resolution Protocol daemon
rdatenotify time server that date has changed
rexecdremote execution server
ripquery, ripquryquery RIP gateways
rlogindremote login server
rlpconfconfigure remote line printers
rmailhandle remote mail received via uucp
routemanually manipulate the routing tables
routednetwork routing daemon
rshdremote shell server
rwhodsystem status server
sendmail, sendmlsend mail over the internet
setanyprogram to retrieve and set variables in an SNMP entity
sinkTCP sink test
sinkdTCP data sink
slattach, slatachattach serial lines as network interfaces
slinkstreams linker
snmp/etc/snmp - SNMP start/stop script
snmpdSNMP daemon
snmpstat, snmpsttshow network status using SNMP
syslogdlog system messages
talkdremote user communication server
tcp/etc/tcp - TCP start/stop script
telnetdDARPA TELNET protocol server
tftpdDARPA Trivial File Transfer Protocol server
timedtime server daemon
timedctimed control program
traceroute, tracetraces the route, packets take in order to reach a network host
trap_rece, traprecprogram that receives traps from a remote trap generating entity
trap_send, trapsndprogram to generate traps
trpttransliterate protocol trace
uucpdUUCP server
xntpdNetwork Time Protocol daemon
xntpdcquery/control program for the Network Time Protocol daemon

ADMP. Special Files and Protocols

Introintroduction to special files and protocols
arpInternet and Ethernet address protocol
asyhdlcasynchronous HDLC protocol device
e3A3C501 Ethernet driver
e3B3C503 Ethernet driver
e3C3C523 Ethernet driver
icmpInternet Control Message Protocol
inetInternet protocol family
ipInternet Protocol
llcloopsoftware loopback network interface
nbtpiNetBIOS TPI Drivers
netbiosNetBIOS STREAMS driver
pppPoint-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
slipSerial Line IP (SLIP) protocol
sockSocket Interface Driver
tcpInternet Transmission Control Protocol
udpInternet User Datagram Protocol

C. Commands

300s, 300handle special functions of DASI 300 and 300s terminals
4014paginator for the TEKTRONIX 4014 terminal
450handle special functions of the DASI 450 terminal
Introintroduces UNIX commands
deassign, assignassign and deassign devices
batch, atexecute commands at a later time
authslist and/or restrict kernel authorizations
awk: awk, oawk, nawk, awkpattern scanning and processing language
bannerprint large letters
basenameremove directory names from pathnames
bcinvoke a calculator
bdiffcompare files too large for diff(C)
bfsscan big files
calprint a calendar
calendarinvoke a reminder service
cancelcancel requests to lineprinter
catconcatenates and displays files
cdchange working directory
checkmailcheck for mail which has been submitted but not delivered
chgrpchange group ID
chmodchange the access permissions of a file or directory
chownchange owner ID
clearclear a terminal screen
cmpcompare two files
colfilter reverse linefeeds
commselect or reject lines common to two sorted files
uncompress, zcat, compresscompress data for storage, uncompress and display compressed files
copycopy groups of files
corexconvert new-style core image dumps to old-style
cpcopy files
cpiocopy file archives in and out
cpsetinstall object files in binary directories
cronexecute commands scheduled by at, batch, and crontab
crontabschedule commands to be executed at regular intervals
cryptencode/decode
cshinvoke a shell command interpreter with C-like syntax
csplitsplit files according to context
ctspawn getty to a remote terminal
ctagscreate a tags file
cucall another UNIX/XENIX system
cutcut out selected fields of each line of a file
dateprint and set the date
dcinvoke an arbitrary precision calculator
ddconvert and copy a file
devnmidentify device name
dfreport number of free disk blocks
dfspacereport disk space
diffcompare two text files
diff3compare three files
dircmpcompare directories
dirnamedeliver directory part of pathname
disableturn off terminals and printers
diskcmp, diskcpcopy or compare floppy disks
dosruns DOS and Windows under UNIX (using Merge)
dos: doscat, doscp, dosdir, dosformat, dosmkdir, dosls, dosrm, dosrmdir, doscmdsaccess to and manipulation of DOS files and DOS filesystems
dtoxchange file format from MS-DOS to UNIX
dtypedetermine disk type
dusummarize disk usage
echoecho
red, edinvoke the text editor
enableturn on terminals and line printers
envset environment for command execution
edit, exinvoke a text editor
exprevaluate arguments as an expression
factorfactor a number
falsereturn with a non-zero exit value
filedetermine file type
findfind files
fingerfind information about users
fixhdrchange executable binary file headers
formatformat floppy disks
getoptparse command options
getoptcvt, getoptsparse command options
getsernooutputs the serial number
greekselect terminal filter
egrep, fgrep, grepsearch files for a pattern
hddisplay files in hexadecimal format
headprint the first few lines of a file
hellosend a message to another user
hphandle special functions of Hewlett-Packard terminals
hwconfigread the configuration information
i286emulemulate UNIX 80286
idprint user and group IDs and names
ismpxreturn windowing terminal state
joinjoin two relations
jtermreset layer of windowing terminal
jwinprint size of layer
killterminate a process
rksh, kshKornShell, a standard/restricted command and programming lan- guage
lastindicate last logins of users and teletypes
layerslayer multiplexer for windowing terminals
lineread one line
lnmake a link to a file
locklock a user's terminal
lognameget login name
lpr, lpsend requests to lineprinter
lprintprint to a printer attached to the user's terminal
lpstatprint information about status of [remote] lp print service
l, lc, lf, lr, lx, lslist contents of directories
machid: i286, iAPX286, i386, i486 (also: vax, mc68k, pdp11, u370, u3b, u3b15, u3b2, u3b5), machidget truth value dependent on processor type
mailx, mailinteractive message processing system
manprint reference pages in this guide
mcartIrwin mini-cartridge tape maintenance program
mesgpermit or deny messages sent to a terminal
mkdirmake a directory
mkfifomake a FIFO special file
mknodbuild special files
umnt, mntmount a filesystem
moreview a file one screen full at a time
mpstatmultiprocessor CPU load status display
mvmove or rename files and directories
newformchange the format of a text file
newgrplog user into a new group
newsprint news items
nicerun a command at a different scheduling priority
nladd line numbers to a file
nohuprun a command immune to hangups and quits
oddisplay files in octal format
pcat, unpack, packcompress and expand files
passwdchange login, or modem (dialup shell) password
pastemerge lines of files
paxportable archive exchange
pcpiocopy file archives in and out
pgpaginate display for soft-copy terminals
prprint files on the standard output
prwarnwarn about password expiration
psreport process status
pstatreport system information
ptarprocess tape archives
purgeoverwrite specified files
pwdprint working directory name
quotsummarize file system ownership
randomgenerate a random number
rcpcopy files across systems
rcvalertmail-receipt notification
rcvfileput message into named file
rcvprintprint message automatically
rcvtripnotify mail sender that recipient is away
remoteexecute commands on a remote system
resendredistribute mail using the Resent- notation
rmremove files or directories
rmdirremove directories
rshinvoke a restricted shell (command interpreter)
scoshmenu-driven SCO Shell with calendar, mail, and calculator
sddateprint and set backup dates
sdiffcompare files side-by-side
sedinvoke the stream editor
setcolour, setcolorset screen color and other screen attributes
setkeyassign the function keys
sgset groups
shinvoke the shell command interpreter
shlshell layer manager
sleepsuspend execution for an interval
slotread the microchannel configuration registers
sortsort and merge files
hashmake, spellin, hashcheck, spellfind spelling errors
splineinterpolate smooth curve
splitsplit a file into pieces
stringsfind the printable strings in an object file
STTY, sttyset the options for a terminal
sumake the user a super user or another user
sumcalculate a checksum and count the blocks in a file
swconfigproduce a list of the software modifications to the system
tabsset tabs on a terminal
taildisplay the last part of a file
tapemagnetic tape maintenance program
tapecntlAT&T tape control for QIC-24/QIC-02 tape device
tapedumpdump magnetic tape to output file
tararchive files
teecreate a tee in a pipe
testtest conditions
ticterminfo compiler
timetime a command
touchupdate access and modification times of a file
tputquery the terminfo database
trtranslate characters
translatetranslate files from one format to another
truereturn with a zero exit value
tsetset terminal modes
ttyget the terminal's name
umaskset file-creation mode mask
unameprint the name of the current system
uniqreport repeated lines in a file
unitsconvert units
uptimedisplay information about system activity
usemousemap mouse input to keystrokes
uulog, uuname, uucpUNIX-to-UNIX system copy
uudecode, uuencodeencode/decode a binary file for transmission via mail
uustatuucp status inquiry and job control
uupick, uutopublic UNIX-to-UNIX system file copy
uuxUNIX-to-UNIX system command execution
view, vedit, viinvoke a screen-oriented display editor
vidiset the font and video mode for a video device
vmstatreport paging and system statistics
wdisplay information about who is on the system and what they are doing
waitawait completion of background processes
wccounts lines, words and characters
whatidentifies files
wholist who is on the system
whododetermine who is doing what
writewrite to another user
x286emulemulate XENIX 80286
xargsconstruct and execute commands
xtodchange file format from UNIX to MS-DOS
xtractextract a file from a cpio archive and stop.
yesprint string repeatedly

CMD. DOS Commands

ansi.sys, ansidefine functions that change display graphics, control cursor movement, and reassign keys
appendopen files in specified directories as if the files were in the current directory
assignredirect requests for disk operations on one drive to a different drive
attribdisplay or change file attributes
backupback up one or more files from one disk onto another
breakset or clear extended CtrlC checking
buffersallocate memory for a specified number of disk buffers
callcall one batch program from another
chcpdisplay the number of the active code page
chdir (cd), chdirdisplay name of current directory or change current directory
chkdskcreate and display a status report for a disk
clsclear the screen
commandstart a new instance COMMAND.COM
compcompare the contents of two files or sets of files byte by byte
copycopy one or more files to another location
countryenable MS-DOS to use international time, dates, currency, case conversions, and decimal separators
cttychange the terminal device used to control your system
datedisplay date or change date from a terminal or batch program
debugtest and debug executable files
del (erase), deldelete specified files
deviceload into memory the device driver you specify
dirdisplay a list of a directory's files and subdirectories
display.sys, displaysupport code-page switching for the console
dosspecify that MS-DOS is to maintain a link to the upper memory area
doskeyrecall MS-DOS commands, edit command lines, and create macros
driver.sys, drivercreate a logical drive used to refer to a physical floppy disk drive
drivparm, drvprmdefine parameters for block devices when you start MS-DOS
diskcomp, dskcmpcompare the contents of two floppy disks
diskcopy, dskcpycopy contents of floppy disk
dosshell, dsshllstart MS-DOS Shell, a graphical interface to MS-DOS
devicehigh, dvchghload device drivers into the upper memory area
emm386.exe, e386.exesimulate expanded memory
echoturn command-echoing feature on or off, or displays a message
editcreate and change ASCII text files
edlinline-oriented text editor
ega.sys, egasave and restore the display
emm386enable or disable EMM386 expanded-memory support with an 80386 or higher processor
exe2binconvert EXE ecutable) files to binary format
exitquit the COMMAND.COM program (the command interpreter)
expandexpand a compressed MS-DOS version 5.0 file
fccompare two files and display the differences between them
fcbsspecify the number of file control blocks (FCBs) that MS-DOS can have open at the same time
fdiskconfigure a hard disk for use with MS-DOS
filesset the number of files that MS-DOS can access at one time
findsearch for a specific string of text in a file or files
forrun a specified command for each file in a set of files
formatformat the disk in the specified drive to accept MS-DOS files
fastopen, fstopendecrease the amount of time needed to open frequently used files
gotodirect MS-DOS to a line in a batch program marked by a specified label
graftabl, grftblenable MS-DOS to display the extended characters of a specified code page in graphics mode
graphics, grphcsload a program into memory to print using a color or graphics adapter
helpprovide online information about the MS-DOS version 5.0 commands
himem.sys, himemmanage the use of extended memory
ifperform conditional processing in batch programs
installload a memory-resident program into memory
joinjoin a disk drive to a directory on another disk drive
keybconfigure a keyboard for a specific language
labelcreate, change, or delete the volume label me) of a disk
loadhigh (lh), ldhghload a program into the upper memory area
lastdrive, lstdrvspecify the maximum number of drives you can access
memdisplay the amount of used and free memory in your system
mirrorrecord information about one or more disks
mkdir (md), mkdircreate a directory
modeconfigure system devices
moredisplay one screen of output at a time
nlsfuncload country-specific information for national language support
pathset a search path for executable files
pausesuspend processing of a batch program
printprint a text file while you are using other MS-DOS commands
printer.sys, printersupport code-page switching for the parallel ports PRN, LPT1, LPT2, and LPT3
promptchange the MS-DOS command prompt
qbasicread instructions written in Basic and interpret them into executable code
recoverrecover readable information from a bad or defective disk
remenable you to include comments in a batch file or your CONFIG.SYS file
rename (ren), renamechange the name of a file or files
replacereplace files in the destination directory with files in the source directory
restorerestore files that were backed up by using the backup command
rmdir (rd), rmdirdelete move) a directory
ramdrive.sys, rmdrvcreate a RAM disk
setdisplay, set, or remove MS-DOS environment variables
setverset the MS-DOS version number that MS-DOS version 5.0 reports to a program
shareinstall file-sharing and locking capabilities on your hard disk
shellspecify name and location of the command interpreter you want MS-DOS to use
shiftchange the position of replaceable parameters in a batch file
sortread input, sort data, and write the results to screen, a file, or another device
stackssupport the dynamic use of data stacks to handle hardware interrupts
setver.exe, stvr.exeload the MS-DOS version table into memory
substassociate a path with a drive letter
switches, swtchsforce an enhanced keyboard to behave like a conventional keyboard
syscopy system files and COMMAND.COM to the disk in a specified drive
timedisplay the system time or sets your computer's internal clock
treedisplay the directory structure of a path or of the disk in a drive
typedisplay the contents of a text file
undelete, undltrestore files previously deleted with the Del command
unformat, unfrmtrestore a disk erased by format command or restructured by recover command
verdisplay the MS-DOS version number
verifytell MS-DOS whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk
voldisplay the disk volume label and serial number, if they exist
xcopycopy files and directories, including subdirectories

F. File Formats

Introintroduction to file formats
aioAIO tunable parameters
aiomemlockAIO memory lock permissions file
archivedefault backup device information
authcapauthentication database
authorizesubsystem authorization file
btldcontents of a boot time loadable device driver disk
checklistlist of file systems processed by fsck
clockthe system real-time (time of day) clock
compvercompatible versions file
copyright, copyrigcopyright information file
cpioformat of cpio archive
defaultsystem default database file
defaultsdefault program information directory
dependsoftware dependencies files
devassigndevice assignment database file
devicesformat of UUCP devices file
dialcodesformat of UUCP Dialcode abbreviations file
dialersformat of UUCP Dialers file
filesfile control database
filesysdefault information for mounting filesystems
fspecformat specification in text files
gettydefsspeed and terminal settings used by getty
groupformat of the group file
hsHigh Sierra/ISO-9660 CD-ROM filesystem
init.base, inittabscript for the init process
issueissue identification file
logsMMDF log files: system status, error, and statistics logging for
maildelivery, maildeluser delivery specification file
mapchanformat of tty device mapping files
maxuuscheds, maxuusUUCP uusched(ADM) limit file
maxuuxqts, maxuuxUUCP uuxqt(C) limit file
mcconfigIrwin tape driver parameters
mdevicedevice driver module description file
mmdftailorprovide run-time tailoring for the MMDF mail router
mnttabformat of mounted filesystem table
mscsiSCSI peripheral device and host adapter configuration file
mtunetunable parameter file
mvdevicevideo driver back end configuration file
nulldata sink or empty source
passwdpassword file
permissions, permissformat of UUCP Permissions file
permsfile permissions list for package installation
pkginfopackage characteristics file
pkgmappackage contents description file
poll: Poll, Poll.hour, Poll.day, pollformat of UUCP Poll files
protoprototype job file for at, cron and batch
prototype, prototyppackage information file
prpwprotected password authentication database files
purgethe policy file of the sanitization utility purge
queueMMDF queue files for storing mail in transit
queuedefsscheduling information for cron queues
sdevicelocal device configuration file
shadowshadow password file
spacedisk space requirement file
stunelocal tunable parameter file
sysadmcolor, sysadcolcolors
sysadmmenu, sysadmnulayout of extensible menus in sysadmsh(ADM)
sysfilesformat of UUCP Sysfiles file
systemidthe Micnet system identification file
Systems, systemsformat of UUCP Systems file
tablesMMDF name tables for aliases, domains, and hosts
tararchive format
termcapterminal capability database
terminfoformat of compiled terminfo file
timezoneset default system time zone
top.next, topthe Micnet topology files
ttysterminal control database file
ttytypeset terminal types automatically at login
wtmp, utmpformat of utmp and wtmp entries
xbackupXENIX incremental dump tape format

HW. Hardware-dependent Features and Files

80387math coprocessor
Introintroduction to machine related miscellaneous features and files
auditaudit subsystem interface device
bootUNIX boot program
cdromcompact disk devices
cmosdisplay and set the configuration data base
datdigital audio tape device
fdfloppy devices
hdinternal hard disk drive
keyboardthe PC keyboard
loginterface to STREAMS error logging and event tracing
lp0, lp1, lp2, lpline printer device interfaces
mousesystem mouse
parallelparallel interface devices
prfoperating system profiler
ramdiskmemory block device
rtcreal time clock interface
scancodePC-scancode capable terminal
screentty [01-n], color, monochrome, ega, vga display adapter and video monitor
scsismall computer systems interface
serial: tty1[a-h], tty1[A-H], tty2[a-h], tty2[A-H], serialinterface to serial ports
tapemagnetic tape device
terminallogin terminal
xtmultiplexed tty driver for AT&T windowing terminals

LM. LAN Manager Commands and Files

conspwfile that contains passwords for client filesharing.
constablefile containing parameters for tuning client performance.
dtox.exechange file format from DOS to the UNIX System format.
lmccontrol LAN Manager Client status.
lmxrcfile containing startup parameters for the LAN Manager Client
mainnetset or return information about which network is primary on a client with co-resident protocol stacks.
mkconspwadd server name and password to filesharing conspw (client password file)
nbsmtpenable MMDF to send mail over a NetBIOS channel.
nbstatusget information about NetBIOS
nbstatus.exe, nbsts.exeThe DOS version of the network adapter status command.
netcontrol LAN Manager administrative functions.
rprintsubmit a print job to a server
vcabortclose a filesharing virtual circuit
vtpallow a user to connect to a remote machine as a virtual terminal
xtod.exechange file format from UNIX System format to DOS.

Section LOCAL

cmnd_sum

M. Miscellaneous Features and File Formats

Introintroduction to miscellaneous features and files
aioAsynchronous Disk I/O ioctl commands
asciimap of the ASCII character set
chrtblcreate a ctype locale table
cloneopen any minor device on a STREAMS driver
coltblcreate a collation locale table
consolesystem console device
daemon.mnmicnet mailer daemon
environthe user environment
errorkernel error output device
fcntlfile control options
getclkget string from real-time clock
uugetty, gettyset terminal type, modes, speed, and line discipline
idasassembler used by the Link Kit
idldlink editor used by the Link Kit
telinit, initprocess control initialization
isverifyverify ISAM database records
jagenthost control of windowing terminal
layersprotocol used between host and windowing terminal under layers(C)
localethe international locale
loginterface to STREAMS error logging and event tracing
logingive access to the system
mapchanconfigure tty device mapping
mapscrn, mapstr, convkey, mapkeyconfigure monitor screen mapping
mathmath functions and constants
messagessystem service, kernel, and device driver error messages
mestblcreate a messages locale table
montblcreate a currency locale table
mscreenserial multiscreens utility
multiscreen, multiscrmultiple screens (device files)
numtblcreate a numeric locale table
profprofile within a function
profileset up an environment at login time
pts???, ptmxSTREAMS master pseudo-tty device
rmbremove extra blank lines from a file
scanoff, scanonenable and disable scancode-to-character mapping
streamioSTREAMS ioctl commands
stringaccess boot, configuration, or package string
subsystemsecurity subsystem component description
sxtpseudo-device driver
systtysystem maintenance device
termconventional names for terminals
terminalslist of supported terminals
terminfoterminal capability database
termiogeneral terminal interface
termiosPOSIX general terminal interface
timodTransport Interface cooperating STREAMS module
timtblcreate a time locale table
tirdwrTransport Interface read/write interface STREAMS module
trchantranslate character sets
ttyspecial terminal interface
tztime zone environment variable
undocumented, undocprograms not documented elsewhere in these manuals
valuesmachine-dependent values
xtprotomultiplexed channels protocol used by xt(HW) driver

NADM. ONC Operation and Maintenance Commands

Introintroduction to ONC maintenance and operation commands
automount, automntautomatically mount NFS filesystems
exportfs, exprtfsexport and unexport directories to NFS clients
lckclntcreate lock manager client handles
lockdnetwork lock daemon
map2ascii, m2asciiNetwork Information Service (NIS) database conversion routines
makedbmmake a Network Information Service (NIS) dbm file
mountmount, umount - mount and unmount filesystems and remote resources
mountdNFS mount request server
nfs/etc/nfs - NFS start/stop script
nfsclntcreate NFS client handles
nfsdnfsd, biod - NFS daemons
nfsstatNetwork File System statistics
nmountall, nmntallnmountall, numountall - mount, unmount multiple filesystems
passmgmt, passmgtpassword files management
pcnfsdNFS authentication and print request server
portmapDARPA port to RPC program number mapper
rexdRPC-based remote execution server
rpcinforeport RPC information
rusersdnetwork user name server
rwallwrite to all users over a network
rwalldnetwork rwall server
showmount, showmntshow all remote mounts
statdnetwork status monitor
ypinitbuild and install network information service (NIS) databases
ypmakerebuild network information service (NIS) databases
yppassmgmt, yppmgtpassword file management for SCO network information service
yppollwhat version of an NIS map is at an NIS server host
yppasswdd, yppswddserver for modifying the Network Information Service (NIS) password file
yppushforce propagation of a changed NIS map
ypservnetwork information service (NIS) server and binder processes
ypsetpoint ypbind at a particular server
ypshad2pwd, ypshadinstall and update the /etc/passwd.yp passwd file
ypwhichwhich host is the network information service (NIS) server or map master
ypxfrtransfer an NIS map from an NIS server to here

NC. ONC Commands

Introintroduction to ONC commands
domainname, domnameset or display name of current Network Information Service (NIS) domain
onexecute a command remotely
rpcgenan RPC protocol compiler
ruserswho is logged in on local machines (RPC version)
ypcatprint values in an NIS database
ypmatchprint the value of one or more keys from an NIS map
yppasswdchange login password in network information service

NF. ONC File Formats

Introintroduction to formats of files used by ONC commands
exportsdirectories to export to NFS clients
net_access, net_accallow/deny client access to network services
netgrouplist of network groups
rmtabremotely mounted filesystem table
rpcrpc program number data base
statmonstatd directory and file structures
ypfilesthe network information service database and directory structure
ypmapxlate, ypmpxlttranslation table to handle long NIS map names

PADM. IPX Operation and Maintenance Commands

catchtest the IPX datagram protocol
drouterdisplay the content of the Routing Information table
getlandisplay information about IPX/SPX and LLI interfaces
ipxstart, stop, or restart the IPX/SPX protocols and the NVT server
nloginremote login via IPX and NVT
npingsend packet to network hosts and receive replies
rrouterclear and update the Routing Information table
showsvcs, showsvcmonitor and/or validate network names, addresses, and services
throwtest the IPX datagram protocol
tracktest the operation of the (SAP) daemon

SFF. Network File Formats

intro, Introintroduction to formats of files used by networking commands
aliasesaliases file for sendmail
ethersEthernet address to hostname database
gated.conf, gtd.cnfgated configuration file syntax
hosts.equiv, hosts.eqlist of trusted hosts
hostslist of hosts on network
if.ignore, if.ignredata base of ignored network interfaces
inetd.conf, inetdconfiguration file for inetd (internet ``super-server'')
netrclogin file for remote networks
networksnames and numbers for the internet
pppauthPoint-to-Point authentication database
ppphostsPoint-to-Point protocol host name database
printcapprinter capability database
protocols, prtocolslist of Internet protocols
resolverresolver configuration file
rhostsremote equivalent users
sendmail.cf, sendmailconfiguration file for sendmail
serviceslist of Internet services
snmpd.conf, snmpd.cfSNMP configuration file
snmpd.comm, snmpd.cmSNMP communities file
snmpd.peers, snmpdSMUX peers file
snmpd.peers, snmpd.prSMUX peers file
snmpd.trap, snmpd.tpSNMP trap communities file
sockcfsocket configuration file
strcfSTREAMS Configuration File for STREAMS TCP/IP

TC. TCP/IP Commands

Introintroduction to networking commands
biffbe notified if mail arrives and who it is from
fingeruser information lookup program
ftpARPANET file transfer program
hostnameset or print name of current host system
loggermake entries in the system log
netstatshow network status
nslookupquery name servers interactively
rcmdremote shell command execution
rcpremote file copy
rdistremote file distribution program
rloginremote login
ruptimeshow host status of local machines
rwhowho is logged in on local network
scriptmake typescript of terminal session
talktalk to another user
telnetUser interface to a remote system using the TELNET protocol
tftpuser interface to the DARPA TFTP protocol
whoisDARPA Internet user name directory service

X. X11 Commands

Xportable, network-transparent window system
Xconnections, Xconnformat of the Xconnections file
XscoX Window System server
Xt_optionsstandard X Toolkit command-line options
appreslist application resource database
bdftopcfconvert font from Bitmap Distribution Format to Portable
bdftosnfBDF to SNF font compiler for X11
bmtoa, atobm, bitmapbitmap editor and converter utilities for X
clean_screen, clnscrnrestore the console graphics adapter to VGA alphanumeric mode
dclockdigital clock for X
deskshell commands, deskcmdsthe commands of the Deskshell command language
deskshellsyntax and control constructs of the Deskshell command lan- guage
fsX font server
fsinfofont server information utility
fslsfontsdisplay font list for X font server
fstobdfBDF font generator
icoanimate an icosahedron or other polyhedron
listreslist resources in widgets
mkfontdircreate fonts.dir file from directory of font files
mwmthe Motif Window Manager
nameserver, nameservprotocol specific name and address resolver
object builder, objbldbuild or modify Desktop objects
oclockdisplay time of day
puzzle15-puzzle game for XQ
resizeutility to set TERMCAP and terminal settings to current window size
rgbcolor database compiler
scocolorchange window colors in the SCO Open Server GUI
scoeditgraphical editor for Open Desktop
scohelpprovide help on Open Desktop
scolocklock X display
scologinX Display Manager
scomailan accessory that sends and receives electronic mail messages
scomouseconfigure the mouse
scopaintcreate and edit icons and pictures; and edit xbm and xpm formatted files
scosessionmanage starting and stopping clients
scotermterminal emulator for X
showfontfont dumper for X font server
showrgbcolor database previewer
showsnfprint contents of an SNF file
snftobdfSNF to BDF font decompiler for X11
startxstart the X server and default clients
switchkey, swchkeyestablish modifier keys for screen-switching from console multiscreens running Xsco server or
tellxdt3Desktop to UNIX shell communications utility
xauthX authority file utility
xbiffmailbox flag for X
xcalcscientific calculator for X
xclipboardX clipboard client
xclockanalog / digital clock for X
xcutselinterchange between cut buffer and selection
xdaemonAT&T X11 connections daemon
xdprdump an X window directly to a printer
xdpyinfodisplay information utility for X
xdt3the graphical user interface for the Desktop
xevprint contents of X events
xeyeswatch over your shoulder
xfdfont displayer for X
xfontselpoint and click interface for selecting X11 font names
xhostserver access control program for X
xinitX Window System initializer
xkillkill a client by its X resource
xloadload average display for X
xlogoX Window System logo
xlsatomslist interned atoms defined on server
xlsclientslist client applications running on a display
xlsfontsserver font list displayer for X
xlswinsserver window list displayer for X
xmagmagnify parts of the screen
xmanmanual page display program for the X Window System
xmodmaputility for modifying keymaps in X
xprprint an X window dump
xpropproperty displayer for X
xrdbX server resource database utility
xrefreshrefresh all or part of an X screen
xsconfigX keyboard configuration compiler
xsetuser preference utility for X
xsetrootroot window parameter setting utility for X
xshowcmapshows colormap
xstdcmapX standard colormap utility
xswkeyestablish the modifier key or screen-switching from the X server
xtermterminal emulator for X
xwddump an image of an X window
xwininfowindow information utility for X
xwudimage displayer for X

Section Z

net abort, abort.netstop a client and abort all connections
net help, help.netdisplay help for net subcommands
net name, name.netdisplay the name of the local machine
net start, start.netstart the LAN Manager Client
net status, status.netdisplay the current status of the client
net stop, stop.netstop the LAN Manager Client
net use, use.netconnect a user to a remote server and display network connections

Typewritten Software • bear@typewritten.org • Edmonds, WA 98026