gated(ADMN)                     19 June 1992                     gated(ADMN)


 Name

    gated - gateway routing daemon

 Syntax

    gated [ -c ] [ -n ] [ -t<traceoptions> ] [ -f<configfile> ]
    [tracefile]

 Description

    gated is a routing daemon that handles multiple routing protocols and
    replaces routed(ADMN), and any routing daemons that speak the HELLO, EGP,
    or BGP routing protocols.  gated currently handles the RIP, BGP, EGP, and
    HELLO routing protocols.  The gated process can be configured to perform
    all routing protocols or any combination of the four.

    The command-line options are:

    -c   Specifies that the configuration file will be parsed for syntax
         errors and then gated will exit, leaving a dump file in
         /usr/tmp/gated_dump.  gated does not need to be run as the super
         user to use the -c option.  The -c option implies -tierk.

    -n   Specifies that gated will not modify the kernel's routing table.
         This is used for testing gated configurations with actual routing
         data.

    -t   Specifies trace flags to be enabled on startup.  If no flags are
         specified, "ier" is assumed.  If no flags are specified, this option
         must be followed by another switch to avoid the tracefile name from
         being parsed as flags.

         This option must be used to trace events that take place before the
         config file is parsed, such as determining the interface configura-
         tion and reading routes from the kernel.

         The trace flags are:

         A  all

         i  internal

         e  external

         k  kernel

         J  job

         m  mark

         r  route

         t  nostamp

         P  protocol

         u  update

         R  RIP

         H  hello

         C  icmp

         p  EGP

         B  BGP

         The trace options are explained in greater detail in
         gated.conf(SFF).

    -f   Use an alternate config file.  By default, gated uses
         /etc/gated.conf.

    If a configuration file is specified, or no trace flags are specified,
    gated detaches from the terminal and runs in the background.  If trace
    flags are specified without specifying a trace file,gated assumes that
    tracing is desired to the console and remains in the foreground.

 Signal processing

    gated catches the following signals and does special processing.

    SIGHUP:         Re-read configuration.

                    A SIGHUP causes gated to reread the configuration file.
                    gated first performs a clean-up of all allocated policy
                    structures.  All BGP and EGP peers are flagged for dele-
                    tion and the configuration file is re-parsed.

                    If the re-parse is successful, any BGP and EGP peers that
                    are no longer in the configuration are shut down, and new
                    peers are started.  gated attempts to determine if
                    changes to existing peers require a shutdown and restart.

                    It should also be possible to enable/disable any protocol
                    without restarting gated.

    SIGINT:         Snap-shot of current state.

                    The current state of all gated tasks, timers, protocols
                    and tables are written to /usr/tmp/gated_dump.
                    On systems supporting fork(S), this is done by forking a
                    subprocess to dump the table information so as not to
                    impact gated's routing functions.  On systems where mem-
                    ory management does not support copy-on-write, this will
                    cause the gated address space to be duplicated; this may
                    cause a noticeable impact on the system.  On systems not
                    supporting fork(S), the main process immediately pro-
                    cesses the dump, which may impact gated's routing func-
                    tions.

    SIGTERM:        Graceful shutdown.

                    On receipt of a SIGTERM, gated attempts a graceful shut-
                    down.  All tasks and protocols are asked to shutdown.
                    Most will terminate immediately, the exception being EGP
                    peers which wait for confirmation.  It may be necessary
                    to repeat the SIGTERM once or twice if it this process
                    takes too long.

                    All exterior routes (BGP and EGP) are removed from the
                    kernel's routing table on receipt of a SIGTERM.  Interior
                    routes (all others) remain.  To terminate gated with the
                    exterior routes intact, use SIGKILL or SIGQUIT (which
                    causes a core dump).

    SIGUSR1:        Toggle tracing.

                    On receipt of a SIGUSR1, gated will close the trace file.
                    A subsequent SIGUSR1 will cause it to be reopened.  This
                    will allow the file to be moved regularly.

                    It is not possible to use SIGUSR1 if a trace file has not
                    been specified, or tracing is being performed to the con-
                    sole.

 See also

    gated.conf(SFF), arp(ADMN), ifconfig(ADMN), netstat(TC), routed(ADMN),
    RFC891, RFC904, RFC1058, RFC1163, RFC1164