Museum

Home

Lab Overview

Retrotechnology Articles

Online Manuals

⇒ NEXTSTEP 1.0

Media Vault

Software Library

Restoration Projects

Artifacts Sought

Anchors

Section (1)

1. Commands

1C. Communications Commands

1G. Graphics Commands

1L. TeX Commands

2. System Calls

3. C Library

3C. Compatibility Routines

3M. Math Library

3N. Network Support Library

3R. RPC Library

3S. Standard I/O Library

3X. Miscellaneous Libraries

4. Special Files

4F. Network Protocol Families

4N. Network Facilities

4P. Network Protocols

5. File Formats

7. Miscellaneous Facilities

8. Maintenance Procedures

8C. Network Services

8c. Network Services

Manual — NEXTSTEP 1.0

1128 entries

Section (1)

bmsearch a file for a string

1. Commands (intro)

NeXTApps, BuildDiskNeXT applications
NeXTApps, DigitalLibrarianNeXT applications
NeXTApps, DigitalQuotationsNeXT applications
NeXTApps, DigitalWebsterNeXT applications
NeXTApps, EditNeXT applications
NeXTApps, IBNeXT applications
Install_TeXinstall TeX for use from distribution media
NeXTApps, InterfaceBuilderNeXT applications
NeXTApps, LibrarianNeXT applications
NeXTApps, MailNeXT applications
NeXTApps, MathematicaNeXT applications
NeXTApps, NIBNeXT applications
NeXTAppsNeXT applications
NeXTApps, NetInfoManagerNeXT applications
NeXTApps, NetManagerNeXT applications
NeXTApps, PreferencesNeXT applications
NeXTApps, PreviewNeXT applications
NeXTApps, PrintManagerNeXT applications
NeXTApps, PrinterTesterNeXT applications
NeXTApps, QuotationsNeXT applications
NeXTApps, ShellNeXT applications
TeXviewpreview TeX dvi files on screen
NeXTApps, TechReportNeXT applications
NeXTApps, TerminalNeXT applications
NeXTApps, UserManagerNeXT applications
NeXTApps, WebsterNeXT applications
NeXTApps, WriteNowNeXT applications
addbibcreate or extend bibliographic database
applyapply a command to a set of arguments
ararchive and library maintainer
asassembler
asm56000Motorola DSP56000 Macro Cross Assembler
atexecute commands at a later time
atoma.out to Mach-O object file converter
atqprint the queue of jobs waiting to be run
atrmremove jobs spooled by at
awkpattern scanning and processing language
basenamestrip filename affixes
bcarbitrary-precision arithmetic language
bibtexmake a LaTeX bibliography
biffbe notified if mail arrives and who it is from
binmailsend or receive mail among users
bisonGNU Project parser generator (yacc replacement)
buildafmdirbuilds font index information
calprint calendar
calendarreminder service
sh, for, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait, casecommand language
catcatenate and print
cbC program beautifier
ccGNU C Compiler
cdchange working directory
eqn, neqn, checkeqtypeset mathematics
checknrcheck nroff/troff files
chsh, passwd, chfnchange password file information
chgrpchange group
chmodchange mode
chfn, passwd, chshchange password file information
cicheck in RCS revisions
clAllegro CL™, an extended implementation of Common Lisp
clearclear terminal screen
cmpcompare two files
cocheck out RCS revisions
colfilter reverse line feeds
colcrtfilter nroff output for CRT previewing
colrmremove columns from a file
commselect or reject lines common to two sorted files
uncompress, zcat, compresscompress and expand data
paste, copyprovide copying and pasting from command line
cpcopy
cryptencode/decode
csha shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax
ctagscreate a tags file
ctreeprint C function-call trees
dateprint and set the date
dbCompare, dbCompress, dbCopy, dbDescribe, dbExpand, dbCatenatehashed database utilities
dcdesk calculator
ddconvert and copy a file
deroffremove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs
dfreport free disk space on file systems
explain, dictionprint wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction
diffdifferential file and directory comparator
diff33-way differential file comparison
diff, diffhdifferential file and directory comparator
domainnameset or display name of current domain system
dreadread from the defaults database
dremoveremove a variable from the defaults database
dspabortAbort DSP  
dspbeepsynthesize a beep using the DSP and sound output  
dspimgconvert a ".lod" file into a ".dsp" file.   
dsploadwrapgenerate code to load a DSP linker file into the DSP  
dspmsgcreate include file dspmessages.h from mkmon8k and apmon8k assembly  
dsptesttest the DSP  
dspwrapwrap a DSP macro in a host C function  
dusummarize disk usage
dvipsconvert a TeX dvi file to PostScript (PostScript is a trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc.) 
dwritewrite to the defaults database
echoecho arguments
edtext editor
ex, edittext editor
grep, fgrep, egrepsearch a file for a pattern
emacsGNU project Emacs
xsend, xget, enrollsecret mail
enscriptconvert text files to POSTSCRIPT format for printing
neqn, checkeq, eqntypeset mathematics
erroranalyze and disperse compiler error messages
edit, extext editor
unexpand, expandexpand tabs to spaces, and vice versa
diction, explainprint wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction
exprevaluate arguments as an expression
true, falseprovide truth values
grep, egrep, fgrepsearch a file for a pattern
filedetermine file type
findfind files
fingeruser information lookup program
fmtsimple text formatter
foldfold long lines for finite width output device
sh, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait, forcommand language
fromwho is my mail from? 
gccGNU project C Compiler
gdbGNU Debugger
gprofdisplay call graph profile data
egrep, fgrep, grepsearch a file for a pattern
groupsshow group memberships
headgive first few lines
hostidset or print identifier of current host system
hostinfodisplay information about a Mach host
hostnameset or print name of current host system
identidentify files
sh, for, case, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait, ifcommand language
indentindent and format Objective-C program source
lookbib, indxbibbuild inverted index for a bibliography, find references in a bibliography
installinstall binaries
installmanformats and re-indexes a manual page
introintroduction to commands
iostatreport I/O statistics
ixBuildbuild an index to a directory
ixDump, ixFind, ixRemove, ixStat, ixCleanindexing utilities
joinrelational database operator
jota personal database
killterminate a process with extreme prejudice
lastindicate last logins of users and teletypes
lastcommshow last commands executed in reverse order
ldlink editor
leaveremind you when you have to leave
lessopposite of more
lexgenerator of lexical analysis programs
lib56000Motorola DSP56000 Librarian
lnmake links
lnk56000Motorola DSP56000 Cross Linker
lockreserve a terminal
loggermake entries in the system log
loginsign on
lookfind lines in a sorted list
indxbib, lookbibbuild inverted index for a bibliography, find references in a bibliography
lorderfind ordering relation for an object library
lpqspool queue examination program
lproff line print
lprmremove jobs from the line printer spooling queue
lptestgenerate lineprinter ripple pattern
lslist contents of directory
m4macro processor
mailsend and receive mail
makemaintain program groups
manfind manual information by keywords; print out the manual
mathMathematica mathematics system
mathremoteremote-access version of Mathematica
mergethree-way file merge
mesgpermit or deny messages
cmmf, inimf, virmf, mfMETAFONT, a language for font design
migMach message interface generator
mkdirmake a directory
mkdirsmake directories
mkstrcreate an error message file by massaging C source
page, morefile perusal filter for crt viewing
msetretrieve ASCII to IBM 3270 keyboard map
msgssystem messages and junk mail program
mtmagnetic tape manipulating program
mvmove or rename files
eqn, checkeq, neqntypeset mathematics
netstatshow network status
newaliasesrebuild the data base for the mail aliases file
nohup, nicerun a command at low priority (sh only)
nidumpextract a UNIX-format file out of NetInfo
niloadload UNIX-format file into NetInfo
niutilNetInfo utility
nmprint name list
nmcontrolcontrol the operation of the Mach network server
nmtestGeneric test program for the Mach network server. 
nmtimeTiming program for the Mach network server. 
nmxlogtranslate a Mach network server debugging log
nice, nohuprun a command at low priority (sh only)
nrofftext formatting
odoctal, decimal, hex, ascii dump
openopen files
openfileopen files in Edit
otoolobject file printing tool
more, pagefile perusal filter for crt viewing
pagesizeprint system page size
chfn, chsh, passwdchange password file information
copy, pasteprovide copying and pasting from command line
pftcommunicate with PostScript Window Server
playscoreplay a scorefile
prprint file
printenvprint out the environment
psprocess status
ps4014convert a Tektronix 4014 files to POSTSCRIPT format
ps630convert Diablo 630 print files to POSTSCRIPT format
pscatconvert C/A/T files to POSTSCRIPT format
psditconvert ditroff intermediate format to POSTSCRIPT format
psfixmodify PostScript from Mathematica for output
PSFONTS, psfontsPOSTSCRIPT font information for TRANSCRIPT
psplotconvert plot(5) files to POSTSCRIPT format
psrevselect or reverse page order of a POSTSCRIPT file
psroffditroff to a POSTSCRIPT printer
PSSYMBOLS, pssymbolsList of symbols for ditroff in TRANSCRIPT
pswrapcreates C routines from pieces of PostScript language
ptagsprint tag information
ptrofftroff to a POSTSCRIPT printer
ptxpermuted index
pwdworking directory name
pwordprint the peculiar words in a document
ranlibconvert archives to random libraries
ratforrational Fortran dialect
rcschange RCS file attributes
rcsdiffcompare RCS revisions
rcsintrointroduction to RCS commands
rcsmergemerge RCS revisions
rdistremote file distribution program
referfind and insert literature references in documents
tset, resetterminal dependent initialization
revreverse lines of a file
rlogprint log messages and other information about RCS files
rmdir, rmremove (unlink) files or directories
rmailhandle remote mail received via uucp
rm, rmdirremove (unlink) directories or files
roffbibrun off bibliographic database
rpcgenan RPC protocol compiler
screenafmBuild screen font metric file from bitmap description files
scriptmake typescript of terminal session
sedstream editor
segeditextract and replace sections from object files
for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait, shcommand language
sizesize of an object file
sleepsuspend execution for an interval
sndconvertconvert a soundfile to a different format
sndinfodisplays soundfile headers on standard output. 
sndplayplay soundfiles
sndrecordrecord a soundfile from DSP or microphone
soelimeliminate .so’s from nroff input
sortsort or merge files
sortbibsort bibliographic database
spellin, spellout, spellfind spelling errors
spell, spellout, spellinfind spelling errors
spell, spellin, spelloutfind spelling errors
splitsplit a file into pieces
stringsfind the printable strings in a object, or other binary, file
stripremove symbols and relocation bits
structstructure Fortran programs
sttyset terminal options
styleanalyze surface characteristics of a document
susubstitute user id temporarily
su, su.wheelsubstitute user id temporarily
sumsum and count blocks in a file
syslinedisplay system status on status line of a terminal
tabsset terminal tabs
taildeliver the last part of a file
talktalk to another user
tartape archiver
tblformat tables for nroff or troff
tcphotoypesetter simulator
tcopycopy a mag tape
teepipe fitting
testcondition command
texviewpreview TeX dvi files on screen
timetime a command
tkpaginator for the Tektronix 4014
tn3270full-screen remote login to IBM VM/CMS
touchupdate date last modified of a file
tpmanipulate tape archive
trtranslate characters
TRANSCRIPT, transcriptPrograms for accessing  POSTSCRIPT printers
nroff, trofftext formatting and typesetting
false, trueprovide truth values
tsetterminal dependent initialization
tsorttopological sort
ttyget terminal name
uldo underlining
compress, zcat, uncompresscompress and expand data
expand, unexpandexpand tabs to spaces, and vice versa
unifdefremove ifdef’ed lines
uniqreport repeated lines in a file
unitsconversion program
userscompact list of users who are on the system
vacationreturn “I am on vacation” indication
vers_stringproduce version identification string
vgrindgrind nice listings of programs
viscreen oriented (visual) display editor based on ex
vi, viewscreen oriented (visual) display editor based on ex
vm_statshow Mach virtual memory statistics
wwho is on and what they are doing
waitawait completion of process
wallwrite to all users
wcword count
wfcompword frequency table compiler
whatshow what versions of object modules were used to construct a file
whereislocate source, binary, and or manual for program
whichlocate a program file including aliases and paths (csh only)
sh, for, case, if, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait, whilecommand language
whowho is on the system
whoamiprint effective current user id
whoisDARPA Internet user name directory service
windowwindow environment
xargsconstruct argument list(s) and execute command
xsend, enroll, xgetsecret mail
xget, enroll, xsendsecret mail
xstrextract strings from C programs to implement shared strings
yaccyet another compiler-compiler
yesbe repetitively affirmative
ypcatprint values in a YP data base
ypmatchprint the value of one or more keys from a yp map
yppasswdchange login password in yellow pages
ypwhichwhich host is the YP server or map master? 
compress, uncompress, zcatcompress and expand data

1C. Communications Commands

tip, cuconnect to a remote system
ftpARPANET file transfer program
onexecute a command remotely
rcpremote file copy
rloginremote login
rshremote shell
rupshow host status of local machines (RPC version)
ruptimeshow host status of local machines
ruserswho’s logged in on local machines (RPC version)
rwhowho’s logged in on local machines
telnetuser interface to the TELNET protocol
tftptrivial file transfer program
cu, tipconnect to a remote system
uucpunix to unix copy
uuencode, uudecodeencode/decode a binary file for transmission via mail
uudecode, uuencodeencode/decode a binary file for transmission via mail
uulogdisplay UUCP log files
uunamelist names of UUCP hosts
uuqexamine or manipulate the uucp queue
uusendsend a file to a remote host
uuxunix to unix command execution

1G. Graphics Commands

splineinterpolate smooth curve

1L. TeX Commands

gftopkconvert generic font files to packed font files
gftypetranslate a generic font file for humans to read
pktogfconvert packed font files to generic font files
pktypetranslate a packed font file for humans to read
initex, virtex, textext formatting and typesetting

2. System Calls (intro)

acceptaccept a connection on a socket
accessdetermine accessibility of file
acctturn accounting on or off
adjtimecorrect the time to allow synchronization of the system clock
nfssvc, async_daemonNFS daemons
bindbind a name to a socket
sbrk, brkchange data segment size  The UNIX system calls brk and sbrk are not supported on the NeXT computer. 
chdirchange current working directory
chmodchange mode of file
chownchange owner and group of a file
chrootchange root directory
closedelete a descriptor
connectinitiate a connection on a socket
creatcreate a new file
dup2, dupduplicate a descriptor
dup, dup2duplicate a descriptor
execveexecute a file
_exit, exitterminate a process
chmod, fchmodchange mode of file
chown, fchownchange owner and group of a file
fcntlfile control
flockapply or remove an advisory lock on an open file
forkcreate a new process
stat, lstat, fstatget file status
fsyncsynchronize a file’s in-core state with that on disk
truncate, ftruncatetruncate a file to a specified length
getdirentriesgets directory entries in a filesystem independent format
setdomainname, getdomainnameget/set name of current domain
getdtablesizeget descriptor table size
getgid, getegidget group identity
getuid, geteuidget user identity
getegid, getgidget group identity
getgroupsget group access list
gethostidget unique identifier of current host
sethostname, gethostnameget/set name of current host
setitimer, getitimerget/set value of interval timer
getpagesizeget system page size
getpeernameget name of connected peer
getpgrpget process group
getppid, getpidget process identification
getpid, getppidget process identification
setpriority, getpriorityget/set program scheduling priority
setrlimit, getrlimitcontrol maximum system resource consumption
getrusageget information about resource utilization
getsocknameget socket name
setsockopt, getsockoptget and set options on sockets
settimeofday, gettimeofdayget/set date and time
geteuid, getuidget user identity
host_infoget information about a Mach host.
introintroduction to system calls and error numbers
ioctlcontrol device
kern_timestampreturn (machine-dependent) timestamp
killsend signal to a process
killpgsend signal to a process group
linkmake a hard link to a file
listenlisten for connections on a socket
lseekmove read/write pointer
stat, fstat, lstatget file status
mach_swaponadd a file for system paging/swapping. 
mkdirmake a directory file
mknodmake a special file
mountmount file system
async_daemon, nfssvcNFS daemons
openopen a file for reading or writing, or create a new file
pipecreate an interprocess communication channel
profilexecution time profile
ptraceprocess trace  The UNIX system call ptrace is not supported on the NeXT computer. 
readv, readread input
readlinkread value of a symbolic link
read, readvread input
rebootreboot system or halt processor
recvfrom, recvmsg, recvreceive a message from a socket
recv, recvmsg, recvfromreceive a message from a socket
recv, recvfrom, recvmsgreceive a message from a socket
renamechange the name of a file
rmdirremove a directory file
brk, sbrkchange data segment size  The UNIX system calls brk and sbrk are not supported on the NeXT computer. 
selectsynchronous I/O multiplexing
sendto, sendmsg, sendsend a message from a socket
send, sendto, sendmsgsend a message from a socket
send, sendmsg, sendtosend a message from a socket
getdomainname, setdomainnameget/set name of current domain
setgroupsset group access list
gethostid, sethostidget unique identifier of current host
gethostname, sethostnameget/set name of current host
getitimer, setitimerget/set value of interval timer
setpgrpset process group
getpriority, setpriorityget/set program scheduling priority
setregidset real and effective group ID
setreuidset real and effective user ID’s
getrlimit, setrlimitcontrol maximum system resource consumption
getsockopt, setsockoptget and set options on sockets
gettimeofday, settimeofdayget/set date and time
shutdownshut down part of a full-duplex connection
sigblockblock signals
sigpauseatomically release blocked signals and wait for interrupt
sigreturnreturn from signal
sigsetmaskset current signal mask
sigstackset and/or get signal stack context
sigvecsoftware signal facilities
slot_infoget information about a logical slot in a Mach host
socketcreate an endpoint for communication
socketpaircreate a pair of connected sockets
lstat, fstat, statget file status
statfsget file system statistics
swaponadd a swap device for interleaved paging/swapping
symlinkmake symbolic link to a file
syncupdate super-block
syscallindirect system call
truncatetruncate a file to a specified length
umaskset file creation mode mask
unlinkremove directory entry
unmountremove a file system
utimesset file times
vforkspawn new process in a virtual memory efficient way
vhangupvirtually “hangup” the current control terminal
wait3, waitwait for process to terminate
wait, wait3wait for process to terminate
writev, writewrite output
write, writevwrite output

3. C Library (intro)

simple string array functions, ArrayFromFile
setjmp, longjmp, _longjmpnon-local goto
setjmp, longjmp, _setjmpnon-local goto
abortgenerate a fault
absinteger absolute value
alias_setent, alias_getent, alias_getbyname, alias_end, aliasdbget mail alias database entries
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, allocamemory allocator
scandir, alphasortscan a directory
ctime, localtime, gmtime, timezone, tzset, asctimeconvert date and time to ASCII
assertprogram verification
atoi, atol, atofconvert ASCII to numbers
atoo, atohconvert ASCII to hexadecimal or octal
atof, atol, atoiconvert ASCII to numbers
atof, atoi, atolconvert ASCII to numbers
atoh, atooconvert ASCII to hexadecimal or octal
bcopy, bzero, ffs, bcmpbit and byte string operations
bcmp, bzero, ffs, bcopybit and byte string operations
bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs, bstringbit and byte string operations
bcopy, bcmp, ffs, bzerobit and byte string operations
malloc, free, realloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, callocmemory allocator
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, cfreememory allocator
opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedirdirectory operations
syslog, openlog, setlogmask, closelogcontrol system log
regex, re_comp, re_exec, recmp, re_compile, re_match, compregular expression handler
convert_ts_to_tvconvert timestamp to timeval
setkey, encrypt, cryptDES encryption
localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone, tzset, ctimeconvert date and time to ASCII
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, ctypecharacter classification macros
dbintroduction to the hashed database library functions
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerrdata base subroutines
dbm_open, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_closedata base subroutines
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_deletedata base subroutines
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_clearerr, dbm_errordata base subroutines
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_fetchdata base subroutines
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_firstkeydata base subroutines
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_nextkeydata base subroutines
dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_opendata base subroutines
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, dbm_storedata base subroutines
opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir, directorydirectory operations
fcvt, gcvt, ecvtoutput conversion
_mh_execute_header, _end, _etext, _edata, _shared_library_initialization, edatalink editor defined symbols
crypt, setkey, encryptDES encryption
_mh_execute_header, _end, _etext, _edata, _shared_library_initialization, endlink editor defined symbols
getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsentget file system descriptor file entry
getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrentget group file entry
getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, setpwfile, endpwentget password file entry
getttyent, getttynam, setttyent, endttyentget ttys file entry
getusershell, setusershell, endusershellget legal user shells
execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environexecute a file
perror, strerror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, errlistsystem error messages
_mh_execute_header, _end, _etext, _edata, _shared_library_initialization, etextlink editor defined symbols
execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ, execlexecute a file
execl, execv, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ, execleexecute a file
execl, execv, execle, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ, execlpexecute a file
execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, environ, exectexecute a file
execl, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ, execvexecute a file
execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, exect, environ, execveexecute a file
execl, execv, execle, execlp, exec, execve, exect, environ, execvpexecute a file
exitterminate a process after flushing any pending output
getexportent, setexportent, addexportent, remexportent, endexportent, getexportopt, exportentget exported file system information
ecvt, gcvt, fcvtoutput conversion
bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffsbit and byte string operations
fileutilfile utilities
malloc, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, freememory allocator
ldexp, modf, frexpsplit into mantissa and exponent
ecvt, fcvt, gcvtoutput conversion
getdiskbyname, getdiskget disk description by its name
getdiskbyname, getdiskbydevget disk description by its name
getdiskbynameget disk description by its name
getenvvalue for environment name
getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent, getfsentget file system descriptor file entry
getfsent, getfsspec, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent, getfsfileget file system descriptor file entry
getfsent, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent, getfsspecget file system descriptor file entry
getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, setfsent, endfsent, getfstypeget file system descriptor file entry
getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent, getgrentget group file entry
getgrent, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent, getgrgidget group file entry
getgrent, getgrgid, setgrent, endgrent, getgrnamget group file entry
getloginget login name
getmachheadersget the Mach headers for the executable
setmntent, addmntent, endmntent, hasmntopt, getmntentget file system descriptor file entry
getoptget option letter from argv
getpassread a password
getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile, getpwentget password file entry
getpwent, getpwuid, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile, getpwnamget password file entry
getpwent, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile, getpwuidget password file entry
getsectdata, getsectbynameget the section information for the named section
getsectbyname, getsectdata, getsectbynamefromheaderget the section information for the named section
getsectbyname, getsectdataget the section information for the named section
getsectbyname, getsectdata, getsectdatafromheaderget the section information for the named section
getsectbyname, getsectdata, getsectdatafromlibget the section information for the named section
getsegbynameget the segment command for the named segment
getttynam, setttyent, endttyent, getttyentget ttys file entry
getttyent, setttyent, endttyent, getttynamget ttys file entry
setusershell, endusershell, getusershellget legal user shells
getwdget current working directory pathname
ctime, localtime, asctime, timezone, tzset, gmtimeconvert date and time to ASCII
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, rindex, indexstring operations
initgroupsinitialize group access list
random, srandom, setstate, initstatebetter random number generator; routines for changing generators
remque, insqueinsert/remove element from a queue
introintroduction to C library functions
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, isalnumcharacter classification macros
isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, isalphacharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, toupper, tolower, toascii, isasciicharacter classification macros
ttyname, ttyslot, isattyfind name of a terminal
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, iscntrlcharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, isdigitcharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, islowercharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, isprintcharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, ispunctcharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, isspacecharacter classification macros
isalpha, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, isuppercharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii, isxdigitcharacter classification macros
ixinverted index access functions
frexp, modf, ldexpsplit into mantissa and exponent
libudpUDP user library
ctime, gmtime, asctime, timezone, tzset, localtimeconvert date and time to ASCII
setjmp, longjmpnon-local goto
mach_errorprint a Mach-related error message on stderrmach_errormsg − return a string corresponding to a Mach error code
task_self_, mach_initthe port to which a task sends its kernel requeststask_data_ − a port on which a task may receive messagestask_notify_ − the port on which a task receives notify messages from the kernelname_server_port − the service port for the network name serverservice_port − the service port for the service servermach_init_ports − set of server ports initially handed to a taskmach_init_ports_count − number of mach_init_portsvm_page_size − size of the virtual memory pages in bytes 
free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, mallocmemory allocator
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, mstats, alloca, malloc_debugmemory allocator
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, malloc_errormemory allocator
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, malloc_good_sizememory allocator
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, malloc_sizememory allocator
mktemp, mkstempmake a unique file name
mktempmake a unique file name
frexp, ldexp, modfsplit into mantissa and exponent
monitor, monstartup, moncontrolprepare execution profile
monstartup, moncontrol, monitorprepare execution profile
monitor, moncontrol, monstartupprepare execution profile
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, alloca, mstatsmemory allocator
dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr, ndbmdata base subroutines
nlistget entries from name list
readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir, opendirdirectory operations
syslog, closelog, setlogmask, openlogcontrol system log
pathutilpath name utilities
popen, pcloseinitiate I/O to/from a process
strerror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, perrorsystem error messages
pclose, popeninitiate I/O to/from a process
prdb_set, prdb_get, prdb_getbyname, prdb_end, printerdbget printer database entry
sys_siglist, psignalsystem signal messages
qsortquicker sort
quitprint message and exit
srandom, initstate, setstate, randombetter random number generator; routines for changing generators
rresvport, ruserok, rcmdroutines for returning a stream to a remote command
regex, re_exec, recmp, re_compile, re_match, re_compregular expression handler
regex, re_comp, recmp, re_compile, re_match, re_execregular expression handler
opendir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir, readdirdirectory operations
malloc, free, calloc, cfree, valloc, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, reallocmemory allocator
re_comp, re_exec, recmp, re_compile, re_match, regexregular expression handler
insque, remqueinsert/remove element from a queue
res_mkquery, res_send, res_init, dn_comp, dn_expand, resolverresolver routines
opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, closedir, rewinddirdirectory operations
rexecreturn stream to a remote command
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindexstring operations
rcmd, ruserok, rresvportroutines for returning a stream to a remote command
rcmd, rresvport, ruserokroutines for returning a stream to a remote command
alphasort, scandirscan a directory
searchsearching utilities
opendir, readdir, telldir, rewinddir, closedir, seekdirdirectory operations
init_service, service_checkininititalize interface to service serverservice_checkin − get receive rights to a standard server port
setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setrgid, setegidset user and group ID
setuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid, seteuidset user and group ID
getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, endfsent, setfsentget file system descriptor file entry
setuid, seteuid, setruid, setegid, setrgid, setgidset user and group ID
getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, endgrent, setgrentget group file entry
longjmp, setjmpnon-local goto
crypt, encrypt, setkeyDES encryption
syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmaskcontrol system log
getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, endpwent, setpwfile, setpwentget password file entry
getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfileget password file entry
setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgidset user and group ID
setuid, seteuid, setgid, setegid, setrgid, setruidset user and group ID
random, srandom, initstate, setstatebetter random number generator; routines for changing generators
getttyent, getttynam, endttyent, setttyentget ttys file entry
seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid, setuidset user and group ID
getusershell, endusershell, setusershellget legal user shells
siginterruptallow signals to interrupt system calls
sleepsuspend execution for interval
sclose, isapipe, sopen
spellspelling correction functions
random, initstate, setstate, srandombetter random number generator; routines for changing generators
strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex, strcatstring operations
strcat, strncat, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex, strcmpstring operations
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex, strcpystring operations
perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, strerrorsystem error messages
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex, stringstring operations
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, index, rindex, strlenstring operations
strcat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex, strncatstring operations
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex, strncmpstring operations
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strlen, index, rindex, strncpystring operations
more string utilities, strutil
swabswap bytes
perror, strerror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, syssystem error messages
perror, strerror, sys_nerr, sys_errlistsystem error messages
perror, strerror, sys_errlist, sys_nerrsystem error messages
psignal, sys_siglistsystem signal messages
openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslogcontrol system log
systemissue a shell command
opendir, readdir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir, telldirdirectory operations
utilities for textual analysis, indexing, searching, and file analysis, text
C-Threads, threadssupport for concurrent programming in C under MACH
ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, tzset, timezoneconvert date and time to ASCII
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toasciicharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, toascii, tolowercharacter classification macros
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, tolower, toascii, touppercharacter classification macros
isatty, ttyslot, ttynamefind name of a terminal
ttyname, isatty, ttyslotfind name of a terminal
ualarmschedule signal after specified time
usleepsuspend execution for interval
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, vfree, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, vallocmemory allocator
varargsvariable argument list
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, cfree, valloc, malloc_size, malloc_good_size, malloc_error, malloc_debug, mstats, alloca, vfreememory allocator
websteraccess to the Merriam-Webster database
wftableword frequency table functions

3C. Compatibility Routines

alarmschedule signal after specified time
time, ftimeget date and time
getpwget name from uid
stty, gttyset and get terminal state (defunct)
niceset program priority
pausestop until signal
srand, randrandom number generator
signalsimplified software signal facilities
rand, srandrandom number generator
gtty, sttyset and get terminal state (defunct)
ftime, timeget date and time
timesget process times
utimeset file times
vlimitcontrol maximum system resource consumption
vtimesget information about resource utilization

3M. Math Library

sin, cos, tan, asin, atan, atan2, acostrigonometric functions and their inverses
asinh, atanh, acoshinverse hyperbolic functions
sin, cos, tan, acos, atan, atan2, asintrigonometric functions and their inverses
acosh, atanh, asinhinverse hyperbolic functions
sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan2, atantrigonometric functions and their inverses
sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2trigonometric functions and their inverses
asinh, acosh, atanhinverse hyperbolic functions
hypot, cabsEuclidean distance, complex absolute value
sqrt, cbrtcube root, square root
fabs, floor, rint, ceilabsolute value, floor, ceiling, and round-to-nearest functions
drem, finite, logb, scalb, copysigncopysign, remainder, exponent manipulations
sin, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2, costrigonometric functions and their inverses
sinh, tanh, coshhyperbolic functions
copysign, finite, logb, scalb, dremcopysign, remainder, exponent manipulations
erfc, erferror functions
erf, erfcerror functions
expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow, expexponential, logarithm, power
exp, log, log10, log1p, pow, expm1exponential, logarithm, power
floor, ceil, rint, fabsabsolute value, floor, ceiling, and round-to-nearest functions
copysign, drem, logb, scalb, finitecopysign, remainder, exponent manipulations
fabs, ceil, rint, floorabsolute value, floor, ceiling, and round-to-nearest functions
lgamma, gammalog gamma function
cabs, hypotEuclidean distance, complex absolute value
copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalb, ieeecopysign, remainder, exponent manipulations
j1, jn, y0, y1, yn, j0bessel functions
j0, jn, y0, y1, yn, j1bessel functions
j0, j1, y0, y1, yn, jnbessel functions
lgammalog gamma function
exp, expm1, log10, log1p, pow, logexponential, logarithm, power
exp, expm1, log, log1p, pow, log10exponential, logarithm, power
exp, expm1, log, log10, pow, log1pexponential, logarithm, power
copysign, drem, finite, scalb, logbcopysign, remainder, exponent manipulations
mathintroduction to mathematical library functions
exp, expm1, log, log10, log1p, powexponential, logarithm, power
fabs, floor, ceil, rintabsolute value, floor, ceiling, and round-to-nearest functions
copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalbcopysign, remainder, exponent manipulations
cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2, sintrigonometric functions and their inverses
cosh, tanh, sinhhyperbolic functions
cbrt, sqrtcube root, square root
sin, cos, asin, acos, atan, atan2, tantrigonometric functions and their inverses
sinh, cosh, tanhhyperbolic functions
j0, j1, jn, y1, yn, y0bessel functions
j0, j1, jn, y0, yn, y1bessel functions
j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, ynbessel functions

3N. Network Support Library

inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, addrInternet address manipulation routines
bindresvportbind a socket to a privileged IP port
htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohs, byteorderconvert values between host and network byte order
gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostentget network host entry
getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetentget network entry
getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoentget protocol entry
getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endserventget service entry
ether_ntoa, ether_aton, ether_ntohost, ether_hostton, ether_line, ethersEthernet address mapping operations
gethostbyname, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent, gethostbyaddrget network host entry
gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent, gethostbynameget network host entry
gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, sethostent, endhostent, gethostentget network host entry
getnetent, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent, getnetbyaddrget network entry
getnetent, getnetbyaddr, setnetent, endnetent, getnetbynameget network entry
getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent, getnetentget network entry
getprotoent, getprotobynumber, setprotoent, endprotoent, getprotobynameget protocol entry
getprotoent, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent, getprotobynumberget protocol entry
getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent, getprotoentget protocol entry
getrpcent, getrpcbynumber, getrpcbynameget RPC entry
getrpcent, getrpcbyname, getrpcbynumberget RPC entry
getrpcbyname, getrpcbynumber, getrpcentget RPC entry
getservent, getservbyport, setservent, endservent, getservbynameget service entry
getservent, getservbyname, setservent, endservent, getservbyportget service entry
getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent, getserventget service entry
htons, ntohl, ntohs, htonlconvert values between host and network byte order
htonl, ntohl, ntohs, htonsconvert values between host and network byte order
inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, inetInternet address manipulation routines
inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, inet_addrInternet address manipulation routines
inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_netof, inet_lnaofInternet address manipulation routines
inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, inet_makeaddrInternet address manipulation routines
inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netofInternet address manipulation routines
inet_addr, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, inet_networkInternet address manipulation routines
inet_addr, inet_network, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, inet_ntoaInternet address manipulation routines
netinfolibrary routines for NetInfo calls
inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, networkInternet address manipulation routines
ns_addr, ns_ntoa, nsXerox NS(tm)  address conversion routines
ns_ntoa, ns_addrXerox NS(tm)  address conversion routines
ns_addr, ns_ntoaXerox NS(tm)  address conversion routines
inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof, ntoaInternet address manipulation routines
htonl, htons, ntohs, ntohlconvert values between host and network byte order
htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohsconvert values between host and network byte order
rpclibrary routines for remote procedure calls
gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, endhostent, sethostentget network host entry
gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent, sethostfileget network host entry
getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, endnetent, setnetentget network entry
getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, endprotoent, setprotoentget protocol entry
getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, endservent, setserventget service entry
xdrlibrary routines for external data representation
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_allyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_bindyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_firstyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_get_default_domainyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_masteryellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_matchyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_nextyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_orderyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, yp_unbindyellow pages client interface
yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err, ypclntyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, ypprot_err, yperr_stringyellow pages client interface
ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_erryellow pages client interface

3R. RPC Library (intro)

bootparambootparam protocol
getrpcportget RPC port number
introintroduction to RPC service library functions
mountkeep track of remotely mounted filesystems
rexremote execution protocol
rusers, rnusersreturn information about users on remote machines
rnusers, rusersreturn information about users on remote machines
rwallwrite to specified remote machines
yppasswdupdate user password in yellow pages

3S. Standard I/O Library

ferror, feof, fileno, clearerrstream status inquiries
fflush, fcloseclose or flush a stream
fopen, freopen, fdopenopen a stream
ferror, clearerr, fileno, feofstream status inquiries
feof, clearerr, fileno, ferrorstream status inquiries
fclose, fflushclose or flush a stream
getc, getchar, getw, fgetcget character or word from stream
gets, fgetsget a string from a stream
ferror, feof, clearerr, filenostream status inquiries
freopen, fdopen, fopenopen a stream
printf, sprintf, fprintfformatted output conversion
putc, putchar, putw, fputcput character or word on a stream
puts, fputsput a string on a stream
fwrite, freadbuffered binary input/output
fopen, fdopen, freopenopen a stream
scanf, sscanf, fscanfformatted input conversion
ftell, fgetpos, fsetpos, rewind, fseekreposition a stream
fseek, fgetpos, fsetpos, rewind, ftellreposition a stream
fread, fwritebuffered binary input/output
getchar, fgetc, getw, getcget character or word from stream
getc, fgetc, getw, getcharget character or word from stream
fgets, getsget a string from a stream
getc, getchar, fgetc, getwget character or word from stream
fprintf, sprintf, printfformatted output conversion
putchar, fputc, putw, putcput character or word on a stream
putc, fputc, putw, putcharput character or word on a stream
fputs, putsput a string on a stream
putc, putchar, fputc, putwput character or word on a stream
removeremove directory entry
fseek, ftell, fgetpos, fsetpos, rewindreposition a stream
fscanf, sscanf, scanfformatted input conversion
setvbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf, setbufassign buffering to a stream
setbuf, setvbuf, setlinebuf, setbufferassign buffering to a stream
setbuf, setvbuf, setbuffer, setlinebufassign buffering to a stream
setbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf, setvbufassign buffering to a stream
printf, fprintf, sprintfformatted output conversion
scanf, fscanf, sscanfformatted input conversion
stdiostandard buffered input/output package
tmpnam, tmpfilegenerate unique file name
tmpnamgenerate unique file name
ungetcpush character back into input stream
vprintf, vsprintf, vfprintf
vfprintf, vsprintf, vprintf
vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf

3X. Miscellaneous Libraries

plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, arcgraphics interface
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, circlegraphics interface
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, point, linemod, space, closepl, contgraphics interface
cursesscreen functions with “optimal” cursor motion
dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey, dbmdata base subroutines
fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey, dbminitdata base subroutines
dbminit, fetch, store, firstkey, nextkey, deletedata base subroutines
plot: openpl, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, erasegraphics interface
dbminit, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey, fetchdata base subroutines
dbminit, fetch, store, delete, nextkey, firstkeydata base subroutines
plot: openpl, erase, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, labelgraphics interface
lib2648subroutines for the HP 2648 graphics terminal
plot: openpl, erase, label, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, linegraphics interface
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, space, closepl, linemodgraphics interface
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, movegraphics interface
madd, msub, mult, mdiv, pow, gcd, invert, rpow, msqrt, mcmp, move, min, omin, fmin, m_in, mout, omout, fmout, m_out, sdiv, itom, mpmultiple precision integer arithmetic
dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkeydata base subroutines
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, openplgraphics interface
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl, plotgraphics interface
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, linemod, space, closepl, pointgraphics interface
plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, closepl, spacegraphics interface
dbminit, fetch, delete, firstkey, nextkey, storedata base subroutines
tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs, termcapterminal independent operation routines
tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs, tgetentterminal independent operation routines
tgetent, tgetnum, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs, tgetflagterminal independent operation routines
tgetent, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs, tgetnumterminal independent operation routines
tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgoto, tputs, tgetstrterminal independent operation routines
tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tputs, tgototerminal independent operation routines
tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputsterminal independent operation routines

4. Special Files (intro)

bkline discipline for machine-machine communication (obsolete)
enXerox 3 Mb/s Ethernet interface
evsevent driver status
introintroduction to special files and hardware support
mem, kmemmain memory
losoftware loopback network interface
kmem, memmain memory
midi_set_owner, midi_get_xmit, midi_get_recv, midi_get_out_timer_port, midi_set_quanta_per_clock, midi_get_quanta_per_clock, midi_output_queue_size, midi_output_queue_notify, midi_send_raw_data,   midi_send_cooked_data, midi_send_packed_data, midi_get_data, midi_set_sys_ignores, midi_get_sys_ignores, midi_set_in_timer_port, midi_get_in_timer_port, midi_set_proto, midi_get_proto, midi_clear_queue, midi_reply_handler, midi_error, midi_error_string, midiMIDI device interface
timer_timeval_req, timer_quanta_req, timer_set, timer_set_quantum, timer_stop, timer_start, timer_direction, midi_timer_reply_handler, midi_timer_error, midi_timer_error_string, midi_timerMIDI timer interface
npNeXT Laser Printer interface
nulldata sink
ptypseudo terminal driver
sdSCSI disk device driver
sggeneric SCSI device driver
snddriver_get_device_parms, snddriver_set_device_parms, snddriver_get_volume, snddriver_set_volume, snddriver_set_dsp_owner_port, snddriver_set_sndin_owner_port, snddriver_set_sndout_owner_port, snddriver_get_dsp_cmd_port, snddriver_dspcmd_req_msg, snddriver_dspcmd_req_err, snddriver_dspcmd_req_condition, snddriver_dsp_set_flags, snddriver_dsp_host_cmd, snddriver_dsp_boot, snddriver_dsp_write, snddriver_dsp_read, snddriver_stream_setup, snddriver_dsp_protocol, snddriver_stream_start_reading, snddriver_stream_start_writing, snddriver_stream_control, snddriver_stream_nsamples, snddriver_reply_handler, soundDSP/Sound driver interface
stSCSI Tape Device Driver
tbline discipline for digitizing devices
ttygeneral terminal interface
zsZilog 8530 Serial Communications Controller

4F. Network Protocol Families

inetInternet protocol family

4N. Network Facilities (intro)

ifgeneral properties of network interfaces
networking, introintroduction to networking facilities
networkingintroduction to networking facilities

4P. Network Protocols

arpAddress Resolution Protocol
icmpInternet Control Message Protocol
ipInternet Protocol
NFS, nfsnetwork file system
tcpInternet Transmission Control Protocol
udpInternet User Datagram Protocol

5. File Formats

L-devicesUUCP device description file
L-dialcodesUUCP phone number index file
L.aliasesUUCP hostname alias file
L.cmdsUUCP remote command permissions file
L.sysUUCP remote host description file
Mach-OMach-O assembler and link editor output
USERFILEUUCP pathname permissions file
Mach-O, a.outMach-O assembler and link editor output
acctexecution accounting file
aliasesaliases file for sendmail
ararchive (library) file format
bootparamsboot parameter data base
dbxdbx symbol table information
dirformat of directories
disktabdisk description file
dumpdates, dumpincremental dump format
dump, dumpdatesincremental dump format
ethersEthernet address to hostname database or YP domain
xtab, exportsdirectories to export to NFS clients
inode, fsformat of file system volume
mntent, fstabstatic information about filesystems
gettytabterminal configuration data base
groupgroup file
hosts.equivlist of trusted hosts
/etc/hosts, hostshost name data base
fs, inodeformat of file system volume
map3270database for mapping ascii keystrokes into IBM 3270 keys
fstab, mntentstatic information about filesystems
mtabmounted file system table
netgrouplist of network groups
netinfonetwork administrative information
networksnetwork name data base
passwdpassword file
phonesremote host phone number data base
plotgraphics interface
printcapprinter capability data base
protocolsprotocol name data base
rcsfileformat of RCS file
remoteremote host description file
resolver configuration file, resolver
rmtablocal file system mount statistics
rpcrpc program number data base
servicesservice name data base
stabsymbol table types
swaptabstatic table of paging files
tartape archive file format
termcapterminal capability data base
tpDEC/mag tape formats
ttysterminal initialization data
typesprimitive system data types
tzfiletime zone information
wtmp, utmplogin records
uuencodeformat of an encoded uuencode file
vfontfont formats for the Benson-Varian or Versatec
vgrindefsvgrind’s language definition data base
utmp, wtmplogin records
ypfilesthe yellowpages database and directory structure

7. Miscellaneous Facilities (intro)

AFM, afmAdobe POSTSCRIPT font metrics file format
asciimap of ASCII character set
environuser environment
eqncharspecial character definitions for eqn
hierfile system hierarchy
miscellaneous, intromiscellaneous useful information pages
mailaddrmail addressing description
manmacros to typeset manual
memacros for formatting papers
mstext formatting macros
POSTSCRIPT, postscriptprint file format
termconventional names for terminals

8. Maintenance Procedures (intro)

aclogin accounting
sa, acctonsystem accounting
adduserprocedure for adding new users
autodiskmountautomatically mount and initialize optical disks
nfsd, biodNFS daemons
bootparamdboot parameter server
bootpdboot protocol daemon
bugfilerfile bug reports in folders automatically
catmancreate the cat files for the manual
checkswapcheck for the presence of a swapdisk
chownchange owner
clriclear i-node
cronclock daemon
dcheckfile system directory consistency check
diskdisk initialization and diagnosis
drteststandalone disk test program
dumpincremental file system dump
dumpfsdump file system information
exportfsexport and unexport directories to NFS clients
fsckfile system consistency check and interactive repair
fsirandinstall random inode generation numbers
gettyset terminal mode
haltstop the processor
icheckfile system storage consistency check
inetdinternet “super−server”
initprocess control initialization
introintroduction to system maintenance and operation commands
kern_loaderkernel server loader daemon
kgmongenerate a dump of the operating system’s profile buffers
kl_utilkernel server loader utility program
/usr/etc/lookupd, lookupdlookup daemon
lpcline printer control program
lpdline printer daemon
mach_swaponadd a file for paging/swapping
sendmail, mailqsend mail over the internet
makedbmmake a yellow pages dbm file
makedevmake system special files
makekeygenerate encryption key
mdcreate makefile dependencies from .d files created by -MD option to cc
mkfilecreate a file
mkfsconstruct a file system
mkhostsgenerate hashed host table
mklost+foundmake a lost+found directory for fsck
mknodbuild special file
mkpasswdgenerate hashed password table
mkprotoconstruct a prototype file system
umount, mountmount and dismount filesystems
msgwrapgenerate remote message classes
namedInternet domain name server
ncheckgenerate names from i-numbers
netinfodNetInfo daemon
newclient/private directory builder
newfsconstruct a new file system
biod, nfsdNFS daemons
nfsstatNetwork File System statistics
nibinddNetInfo binder
nidomainNetInfo domain utility
nmserverMach network server
nppowerpower on/off the NeXT Laser Printer
numanage user login accounts (create, modify, destroy UNIX accounts)
pacprinter/plotter accounting information
pingsend ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
prebuildBuild PostScript prebuilt font file from bitmap description files
pscatmapbuild ptroff width tables POSTSCRIPT fonts
ps?f, psbad, psrv, pstext, psbanner, psint, pscommTRANSCRIPT spooler filters for POSTSCRIPT printers
rc, rc.local, rc.bootcommand script for auto-reboot and daemons
rc.boot, rc.local, rccommand script for auto-reboot and daemons
rc, rc.boot, rc.localcommand script for auto-reboot and daemons
rebootUNIX bootstrapping procedures
renicealter priority of running processes
restoreincremental file system restore
bootparamd, rpc.bootparamdboot parameter server
rpcinforeport RPC information
accton, sasystem accounting
sccstorcsbuild RCS file from SCCS file
sendmailsend mail over the internet
showmountshow all remote mounts
shutdownclose down the system at a given time
snd_registerregister sound device port
stickypersistent text and append-only directories
syncupdate the super block
syslogdlog systems messages
timedtime server daemon
timedctimed control program
tunefstune up an existing file system
mount, umountmount and dismount filesystems
updateperiodically update the super block
vipwedit the password file
ypserv, ypbindyellow pages server and binder processes
ypinitbuild and install yellow pages database
ypmakerebuild yellow pages database
yppollwhat version of a YP map is at a YP server host
yppushforce propagation of a changed YP map
ypbind, ypservyellow pages server and binder processes
ypsetpoint ypbind at a particular server
ypwhichwhat machine is the YP server? 
ypxfr_1perday, ypxfr_1perhour, ypxfr_2perday, ypxfrtransfer a YP map from some YP server to here
ypxfr, ypxfr_1perhour, ypxfr_2perday, ypxfr_1perdaytransfer a YP map from some YP server to here
ypxfr, ypxfr_1perday, ypxfr_2perday, ypxfr_1perhourtransfer a YP map from some YP server to here
ypxfr, ypxfr_1perday, ypxfr_1perhour, ypxfr_2perdaytransfer a YP map from some YP server to here

8C. Network Services

NSWSdNextStep(tm) Window Server front-end daemon
arpaddress resolution display and control
comsatbiff server
fingerdremote user information server
ftpdDARPA Internet File Transfer Protocol server
ifconfigconfigure network interface parameters
mountdNFS mount request server
portmapDARPA port to RPC program number mapper
rdumpfile system dump across the network
rexdRPC-based remote execution server
rexecdremote execution server
rlogindremote login server
rmtremote magtape protocol module
routemanually manipulate the routing tables
routednetwork routing daemon
mountd, rpc.mountdNFS mount request server
rstatd, rpc.rstatdkernel statistics server
rusersd, rpc.rusersdnetwork username server
rwalld, rpc.rwalldnetwork rwall server
sprayd, rpc.spraydspray server
yppasswdd, rpc.yppasswddserver for modifying yellow pages password file
rpcinforeport RPC information
rrestorerestore a file system dump across the network
rshdremote shell server
rstatdkernel statistics server
rusersdnetwork username server
rwalldnetwork rwall server
rwhodsystem status server
slattachattach serial lines as network interfaces
spraydspray server
talkdremote user communication server
telnetdDARPA TELNET protocol server
tftpdDARPA Trivial File Transfer Protocol server
tnamedDARPA Trivial name server
trpttransliterate protocol trace
uucpd, uucicotransfer files queued by uucp or uux
uucleanuucp spool directory clean-up
uucico, uucpdtransfer files queued by uucp or uux
uupollpoll a remote UUCP site
uusnapshow snapshot of the UUCP system
uuxqtUUCP execution file interpreter
yppasswddserver for modifying yellow pages password file

8c. Network Services

trsptransliterate sequenced packet protocol trace

Typewritten Software • bear@typewritten.org • Edmonds, WA 98026