XSERVER(8X11) COMMAND REFERENCE XSERVER(8X11) NAME Xserver - X Window System server SYNOPSIS X [:displaynumber] [-option ...] [ttyname] DESCRIPTION X is the name for the X Window System server. The server is based on Release 3 from MIT. STARTING THE SERVER Tektronix currently supports several utilities that facilitate the X startup. All of these utilities are described in the user documentation. User customization of the startup utilities is covered in the customization sections of the users manual. The xconfig program allows the user to configure the login interface and enable or disable the automatic startup of X. Xsystem is an automatic startup utility that reads the configuration file written by xconfig and automatically starts up the X server, a login window, and a console window when the system is enabled. If the X system is not enabled at system startup, xsystem can be invoked from the command line to start up X. The following paragraphs describe utilities, xdm, xterm -L, and xinit, which are provided by MIT as a means to start X. Tektronix users who use the above Tektronix-provided utilities will not need to use these methods directly. The server can be started from the X Display Manager program xdm. This utility is run from the system boot files and takes care of keeping the server running, prompting for usernames and passwords, and starting up the user sessions. It is easily configured for sites that wish to provide nice, consistent interfaces for novice users (loading convenient sets of resources, starting up a window manager, clock, and nice selection of terminal emulator windows). Since xdm handles automatic starting of the server in a portable way, the -L option to xterm is now considered obsolete. Support for starting a login window from 4.3bsd- derived /etc/ttys files may not be included in future releases. Installations that run more than one window system will still need to use the xinit utility. However, xinit is to be considered a tool for building startup scripts and is not intended for use by end users. Site administrators are strongly urged to build nicer interfaces for novice users. X Version 11 26 October 1988 1
XSERVER(8X11) COMMAND REFERENCE XSERVER(8X11) When the server starts up, it takes over the display. If you are running on a workstation whose console is the display, you cannot log into the console while the server is running. NETWORK CONNECTIONS The server supports connections made using the following reliable byte-streams: TCP/IP The server listens on port htons(6000+n), where n is the display number. UNIX* operating system domain sockets The server creates a socket file in the directory /tmp. DECnet The server responds to connections to object X$Xn, where n is the display number. The Tektronix server does not currently support DECnet. OPTIONS The server accepts the following command line options: -a number sets pointer acceleration (i.e. the ratio of how much is reported to how much the user actually moved the pointer). -bs disables backing store support on all screens. -c turns off key-click. c volume sets key-click volume (allowable range: 0-100). -f volume sets feep (bell) volume (allowable range: 0-100). -logo turns on the X Window System logo display in the screen-saver. There is currently no way to change this from a client. nologo turns off the X Window System logo display in the screen-saver. There is currently no way to change this from a client. -p minutes sets screen-saver pattern cycle time in minutes. -r turns off auto-repeat. X Version 11 26 October 1988 2
XSERVER(8X11) COMMAND REFERENCE XSERVER(8X11) r turns on auto-repeat. -s minutes sets screen-saver timeout time in minutes. -su disables save under support on all screens. -t numbers sets pointer acceleration threshold in pixels (i.e. after how many pixels pointer acceleration should take effect). -to seconds sets default screensaver timeout in seconds. v sets video-on screen-saver preference. -v sets video-off screen-saver preference -co filename sets name of RGB color database -help prints a usage message -fp fontPath sets the search path for fonts -fc cursorFont sets default cursor font -fn font sets the default font -wm forces the default backing-store of all windows to be WhenMapped; a cheap trick way of getting backing-store to apply to all windows. You probably don't really want to do this. -g enables gamma correction. SECURITY The server uses an access control list for deciding whether or not to accept connections from clients on a particular machine. This list initially consists of the host on which the server is running as well as any machines listed in the file /etc/Xn.hosts, where n is the display number of the server. Each line of the file should contain either an Internet hostname (e.g. expo.lcs.mit.edu) or a DECnet hostname in double colon format (e.g. hydra::). There should be no leading or trailing spaces on any lines. For example: X Version 11 26 October 1988 3
XSERVER(8X11) COMMAND REFERENCE XSERVER(8X11) joesworkstation corporate.company.com star:: bigcpu:: Users can add or remove hosts from this list and enable or disable access control using the xhost command from the same machine as the server. For example: % xhost +janesworkstation janesworkstation being added to access control list % xhost -star:: star:: being removed from access control list % xhost + all hosts being allowed (access control disabled) % xhost - all hosts being restricted (access control enabled) % xhost access control enabled (only the following hosts are allowed) joesworkstation janesworkstation corporate.company.com bigcpu:: Unlike some window systems, X does not have any notion of window operation permissions or place any restrictions on what a client can do; if a program can connect to a display, it has full run of the screen. The core protocol does have support for providing authentication information when establishing connections, but is not used in the server implementation. SIGNALS The server attaches special meaning to the following signals: SIGHUP This signal causes the server to close all existing connections, free all resources, and restore all defaults. It is sent by the display manager whenever the main user's main application (usually an xterm or window manager) exits to force the server to clean up and prepare for the next user. SIGTERM This signal causes the server to exit cleanly. FONTS Fonts are stored as individual files in directories. The list of directories in which the server looks when trying to open a font is controlled by the font path. Although the server will start up with an appropriate font path, it can be overridden using the xset program. X Version 11 26 October 1988 4
XSERVER(8X11) COMMAND REFERENCE XSERVER(8X11) The default font path for the server contains four directories. They are searched in the following order: 1. /usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc This directory contains several miscellaneous fonts that are useful on all systems. It contains a very small family of fixed-width fonts (6x10, 6x12, 6x13, 8x13, 8x13bold, and 9x15) and the cursor font. It also has font name aliases for the commonly used fonts fixed and variable. 2. /usr/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi This directory contains fonts contributed by Adobe Systems, Inc. and Digital Equipment Corporation and by Bitstream, Inc. for 100 dots per inch displays. An integrated selection of sizes, styles, and weights are provided for each family. 3. /usr/lib/X11/fonts/tek100dpi This directory contains proprietary fonts supplied by Tektronix. These are the preferred fonts for most applications. 4. /usr/lib/X11/fonts/oldx11 This optionally installed directory contains fonts distributed by MIT before Release 3. Font databases are created by running the mkfontdir program in the directory containing the compiled versions of the fonts (the .snf files). Whenever fonts are added to a directory, mkfontdir should be rerun so that the server can find the new fonts. See mkfontdir(1x11) for further information. DIAGNOSTICS Too numerous to list them all. Errors and server start time are logged in the file /usr/adm/X<display>msgs. FILES /etc/X*.hosts Initial access control list /usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc, Font directories /usr/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi, /usr/lib/X11/fonts/tek100dpi, /usr/lib/X11/fonts/oldx11 /usr/lib/X11/rgb.intensity.txt Gamma corrected color database X Version 11 26 October 1988 5
XSERVER(8X11) COMMAND REFERENCE XSERVER(8X11) /usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt Uncorrected color database /usr/adm/X<display>msgs Error log file SEE ALSO X(1x11), xdm(1x11), mkfontdir(1x11), xinit(1x11), xterm(1x11), tekwm(1x11), xhost(1x11), xset(1x11), xsetroot(1x11), ttys(5), init(8) BUGS The option syntax is inconsistent with itself and xset(1x11). The acceleration option should take a numerator and a denominator like the protocol. If X dies before its clients, new clients won't be able to connect until all existing connections have their TCP TIME_WAIT timers expire. The xterm -L method for starting an initial window from /etc/ttys is completely inadequate and should be removed. COPYRIGHT Copyright 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Copyright 1989, Tektronix Inc. See X(1x11) for a full statement of rights and permissions. AUTHORS Portions of the MIT sample server are used in the Tektronix server. The MIT sample server was originally written by Susan Angebranndt, Raymond Drewry, Philip Karlton, and Todd Newman, with support from a cast of thouands. *UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T. X Version 11 26 October 1988 6
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