UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) NAME uwm - window manager client application of X For 4310, 4320, and 4330 series UTek products only. SYNOPSIS uwm [ -f filename ] DESCRIPTION The uwm command is a window manager client application of the window server; using uwm you can customize X windows for your workstation. When the command is invoked, it traces a predefined search path, locating any uwm startup files. If no startup files exist, uwm initializes its built-in default file. If startup files exist in any of the following locations, uwm adds the variables to the default variables. In the case of contention, the variables in the last file found override previous specifications. Files in the uwm search path are listed here. /usr/lib/X/uwm/system.uwmrc $HOME/.uwmrc If you wish to use only the settings defined in a single startup file, include the variables resetbindings, resetmenus, and resetvariables at the top of that specific startup file. OPTIONS -f filename Names an alternate file as a uwm startup file. STARTUP FILE VARIABLES Variables are typically entered first, at the top of the startup file. By convention, resetbindings, resetmenus, and resetvariables head the list. autoselect/noautoselect Place menu cursor in first menu item. If unspecified, a menu cursor is placed in the menu header when the menu is displayed. delta=pixels Indicate the number of pixels the cursor moves before the action is interpreted by the window manager as a command. (Also refer to the delta mouse action in the section Mouse Buttons.) Printed 5/12/88 1
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) freeze/nofreeze Lock all other client applications out of the server during certain window manager tasks, such as move and resize. grid/nogrid Display a finely-ruled grid to help position an icon or window during resize or move operations. hiconpad=n Indicate the number of pixels to pad an icon horizontally. The default is five pixels. hmenupad=n Indicate the amount of space in pixels that each menu item is padded above and below the text. iconfont=fontname Name the font displayed within icons. Font names are listed in the font directories /usr/lib/X/font and /usr/lib/fonts. maxcolors=n Limit the number of colors the window manager uses in a given invocation. If set to zero, or not specified, uwm assumes no limit to the number of colors it can take from the color map. The variable maxcolors counts colors as they are included in the file. normali/nonormali Place icons created with f.newiconify within the root window, even if it is placed partially off-screen. With nonormali the icon is placed exactly where the cursor leaves it. normalw/nonormalw Place the window created with f.newiconify within the root window, even if it is placed partially off-screen. With nonormalw the window is placed exactly where the cursor leaves it. push=n Move a window n number of pixels or a relative amount of space, depending on pushabsolute or pushrelative specification. Use this variable in conjunction with f.pushup, f.pushdown, f.pushright or f.pushleft. Printed 5/12/88 2
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) pushabsolute/pushrelative The variable pushabsolute indicates the number entered with push is equivalent to pixels. When an f.push (left, right, up or down) function is called, the window is moved that number of pixels. The variable pushrelative indicates the number entered with the push variable represents a relative number. When an f.push function is called, the window is invisibly divided into the number of parts you entered with the push variable, and the window is moved one part. resetbindings, resetmenus, and resetvariables Resets all previous function bindings, menus, and variable entries specified in any startup file in the uwm search path, including those in the default environment. By convention, these variables are entered first in the startup file. resizefont=fontname Identify the font name of the indicator displayed in the corner of the window, as you resize windows. (See the /usr/lib/X/font and /usr/lib/fonts font directories.) reverse/noreverse Define the display as black characters on a white background for the window manager windows and icons. viconpad=n Indicate the number of pixels to pad an icon vertically. Default is five pixels. vmenupad=n Indicate the amount of space in pixels that the menu is padded on the right and left of the text. volume=n Increase or decrease the base level volume set by the xset(1px) command. Enter an integer from 0 to 7; 7 is the loudest. Printed 5/12/88 3
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) zap/nozap Follow the window or icon using ghost lines, from its previous default location to its new location during a move or resize operation. BINDING SYNTAX In the syntax function=[control key(s)]:[context]:mouse events:menu name the function and mouse events are required input. Menu name is required with the f.menu function definition only. FUNCTION f.beep Emit a beep from the keyboard. Loudness is determined by the volume variable. f.circledown Drop the obscuring window down to the bottom of the stacked windows. f.circleup Expose the lowest window that is obscured by other windows. f.continue Release the window server display action after you stop action with the f.pause function. f.focus Direct all keyboard input to the selected window. Reset the focus to all windows by invoking f.focus from the root window. f.iconify When implemented from a window, convert the window to its respective icon; when implemented from an icon, convert the icon to its respective window. f.lower Lower a window that obstructs a window below it. f.menu Invoke a menu. Enclose "menu name" in quotes if it contains blank characters or parentheses: f.menu=[control key(s)]:[context]:mouse events:"menu name" f.move Move an icon or window to a new location, becoming the default location. Printed 5/12/88 4
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) f.moveopaque Move an icon or window to a new screen location. (The grid effect is not used with this function.) f.newiconify Create an icon or window and position the window or icon in a new default location on the screen. f.pause Temporarily stop all display action. Use the f.continue function to release the screen and immediately update all windows. f.pushdown Move a window down. The distance of the push is determined by the push variables. f.pushleft Move a window to the left. The distance of the push is determined by the push variables. f.pushright Move a window to the right. The distance of the push is determined by the push variables. f.pushup Move a window up. The distance of the push is determined by the push variables. f.raise Raise a window that is obstructed by a window above it. f.refresh Send exposure events to the window server clients for all unobscured or partially obscured windows. (The windows will not refresh correctly if the exposure events are not handled properly.) f.resize Resize an existing window. (Note that some clients, notably editors, react unpredictably if you resize the window while the client is running.) f.restart Restart the window manager application, retracing the uwm search path and initializing the variables it finds. CONTROL KEYS By default, the window manager uses meta as its control key. Printed 5/12/88 5
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) It can also use Ctrl, Shift, Lock, or null (no control key). Control keys must be entered in lowercase, and can be abbreviated as: c, l, m, s for control, lock, meta, and shift, respectively. You can bind one, two or no control keys to a function. Use the bar ( | ) character to combine control keys. Note that client applications other than the window manager use the Shift or Ctrl as control keys. If you bind the Shift or Ctrl keys to a window manager function, you cannot use other client applications that require those keys. CONTEXT The context refers to the screen location of the cursor when a command is initiated. When you include a context entry in a binding, the cursor must be in that context or the function is not activated. The window manager recognizes the following four contexts: icon, window, root, (null). The root context refers to the root, or background window, a (null) context is indicated when the context field is blank, allowing a function to be invoked from any screen location. Combine contexts using the bar ( | ) character. MOUSE BUTTONS Any of the following mouse buttons are accepted in lowercase and can be abbreviated as l, m or r, respectively: left, middle, right. With the specific button, you must identify the action of that button. Mouse actions can be down Function occurs when the specified button is pressed down or when the menu is displayed. up Function occurs when the specified button is released. NOTE: The button up events are not bound for the function f.menu. delta Indicates that the mouse must be moved the number of pixels specified with the delta variable before the specified function is invoked. The mouse can be moved in any direction to satisfy the delta requirement. MENU DEFINITIONS After binding a set of function keys and a menu name to f.menu, you must define the menu invoked, using the following syntax: Printed 5/12/88 6
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) menu = "menu name" { "item name" : "action" . . . } Enter the menu name exactly the way it is entered with the f.menu function, otherwise, the window manager will not recognize the link. If the menu name contains blank strings, tabs or parentheses, it must be quoted here and in the f.menu function entry. You can enter as many menu items as your screen is long. Menu names must be at least one character long. You cannot scroll within menus. Any menu entry that contains quotes, special characters, parentheses, tabs or strings of blanks must be enclosed in double quotes. Follow the item name by a colon ( : ). MENU ACTION Use any of these menu actions when defining the menu invoked: Window manager functions Any function previously described, for example, f.move or f.iconify. Shell commands Begin with an exclamation point ( ! ) and run in the background. You cannot include a new line character within a shell command. Text strings Text strings are placed in the window server's cut buffer. Strings with a new line character must begin with an up arrow ( ^ ), which is stripped during the copy operation. Strings without a new line must begin with the bar character ( | ), which is stripped during the copy operation. COLOR MENUS Use the following syntax to add color to menus: menu = "menu name" (color1:color2:color3:color4) { "item name" : (color5 :color6) : " action " . . Printed 5/12/88 7
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) . } color1 Foreground header color. color2 Background header color. color3 Foreground highlighter color: the horizontal band of color that moves with the cursor within the menu. color4 Background highlighter color. color5 Individual menu item foreground color. color6 Individual menu item background color. COLOR DEFAULTS Colors default to the colors of the root window under any of the following conditions: If you run out of color map entries, either before or during an invocation of uwm. If you specify a foreground or background color that does not exist in the RGB (red, green, blue) color database ( /usr/lib/rgb.txt ) both the foreground and background colors default to the root window colors. If you omit a foreground or background color, both the foreground and background colors default to the root window colors. If the total number of colors specified in the startup file exceeds the number specified in the maxcolors variable. If you do not specify colors in the startup file. RESTART If uwm is executing on the same host as its display server, it will attempt to signal the process whose id is found in /tmp/uwm#_pid, where # is the display number. If the signal is delivered, the process exits. If the signal is not delivered, uwm places its process id in the file and continues execution. When uwm receives this signal (SIGHUP) it executes the restart function. If uwm executes remotely it executes without signaling or modifying /tmp/uwm#_pid. Printed 5/12/88 8
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) EXAMPLES The following sample startup file shows the default window manager options: # Global variables # resetbindings;resetvariables;resetmenus autoselect delta=25 freeze grid hiconpad=5 hmenupad=6 iconfont=oldeng menufont=timrom12b resizefont=9x15 viconpad=5 vmenupad=3 volume=7 # # Mouse button/key maps # # FUNCTION KEYS CONTEXT BUTTON MENU(if any) # ======== ==== ======= ====== ============ f.menu = meta : :left down :"WINDOW OPS" f.menu = meta : :middle down :"EXTENDED WINDOW OPS" f.move = meta :w|i :right down f.circleup = meta :root :right down # # Menu specifications # menu = "WINDOW OPS" { "(De)Iconify": f.iconify Move: f.move Resize: f.resize Lower: f.lower Raise: f.raise } menu = "EXTENDED WINDOW OPS" { Create Window: !"xterm &" Iconify at New Position: f.lowericonify Focus Keyboard on Window: f.focus Freeze All Windows: f.pause Unfreeze All Windows: f.continue Circulate Windows Up: f.circleup Circulate Windows Down: f.circledown } CAVEATS The color specifications have no effect on a monochrome Printed 5/12/88 9
UWM(1x) COMMAND REFERENCE UWM(1x) system. If a user logs in on a remote machine a code is invoked which determines if the user should run the uwm; if no other uwm is running the user is given control of the console on the machine he or she is logging into. The button up events are not bound for the function f.menu. FILES /usr/lib/rgb.txt /usr/lib/fonts /usr/lib/X/font /usr/skel/.uwmrc /tmp/uwm#_pid /usr/lib/X/uwm/system.uwmrc $HOME/.uwmrc SEE ALSO X(1x), X(8x), tterm(1x), xterm(1x). Printed 5/12/88 10
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