| adb | debugger |
| ar | archive and library maintainer |
| as | assembler |
| awk | pattern scanning and processing language |
| basename | strip filename affixes |
| cal | print calendar |
| cat | catenate and print |
| cc | C compiler |
| cd | change working directory |
| chmod | change mode |
| clear | clear terminal screen |
| cmp | compare two files |
| col | filter reverse line feeds |
| comm | select or reject lines common to two sorted files |
| cp | copy |
| csh | a shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax |
| ctags | maintain a tags file for a C program |
| date | print and set the date |
| dc | desk calculator |
| dd | convert and copy a file |
| deroff | remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs |
| df | disk free |
| diff | differential file comparator |
| diff3 | 3-way differential file comparison |
| diffdir | diff directories |
| diskformat | format a disk |
| disktune | tune the floppy disk settling time parameters |
| du | summarize disk usage |
| echo | echo arguments |
| ed | text editor |
| edit | text editor (variant of the ex editor for new or casual users) |
| egrep | search a file for a pattern |
| edit, ex | text editor |
| expr | evaluate arguments as an expression |
| exterr | turn on/off the extended errors in the specified device |
| f77 | FORTRAN compiler |
| true, false | provide truth values |
| fgrep | search a file for a pattern |
| file | determine file type |
| find | find files |
| grep | search a file for a pattern |
| head | give first few lines |
| intro | introduction to commands |
| join | relational database operator |
| kill | terminate a process with extreme prejudice |
| last | indicate last logins of users and teletypes |
| ld | loader |
| lex | generator of lexical analysis programs |
| lint | a C program verifier |
| ln | make links |
| login | sign on |
| look | find lines in a sorted list |
| lorder | find ordering relation for an object library |
| lpq | spool queue examination program |
| print, opr, lpr | off line print |
| lprm | remove job(s) from the spool queue |
| ls | list contents of directory |
| mail | send or receive mail among users |
| make | maintain program groups |
| man | print sections of this manual |
| mesg | permit or deny messages |
| mkdir | make a directory |
| mkstr | create an error message file by massaging C source |
| mksvslib | Make a SVS Object Library |
| more | file perusal filter for crt viewing |
| umount, mount | mount and dismount file system |
| mt | Tape manipulation program for Archive cartridge tape |
| mv | move or rename files |
| newgrp | log in to a new group |
| nice | run a command at low priority nohup − run a command immune to hangups (sh only) |
| nm | print name list |
| nohup | run a command immune to hangups |
| troff, nroff | text formatting and typesetting |
| num | number lines |
| od | octal dump |
| passwd | change login password |
| pc | Pascal compiler |
| pr | print file |
| printenv | print out the environment |
| prof | display profile data |
| ps | process status |
| pwd | working directory name |
| rev | reverse lines of a file |
| rm | remove (unlink) files |
| rmdir | remove an empty directory |
| sed | stream editor |
| see | see what a file has in it |
| setmem | set user memory limit to value |
| for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait, sh | command language |
| size | size of an object file |
| sleep | suspend execution for an interval |
| sort | sort or merge files |
| spellin, spellout, spell | find spelling errors |
| split | split a file into pieces |
| ssp | make output single spaced |
| strings | find the printable strings in an object, or other binary file |
| strip | remove symbols and relocation bits |
| stty | set terminal options |
| su | substitute user id temporarily |
| sum | sum and count blocks in a file |
| tail | deliver the last part of a file |
| tar | tape archiver |
| tbl | format tables for nroff or troff |
| tee | pipe fitting |
| kill, test | terminate a process with extreme prejudice |
| time | time a command |
| touch | update date last modified of a file |
| tr | translate characters |
| tra | copy out a file as it grows |
| nroff, troff | text formatting and typesetting |
| false, true | provide truth values |
| tset | set terminal modes |
| tsort | topological sort |
| tty | get terminal name |
| ul | do underlining |
| mount, umount | mount and dismount file system |
| uniq | report repeated lines in a file |
| vi | screen oriented (visual) display editor based on ex |
| wait | await completion of process |
| wall | write to all users |
| wc | word count |
| who | who is on the system |
| whoami | print effective current user id |
| write | write to another user |
| xstr | extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings |
| yacc | yet another compiler-compiler |
| access | determine accessibility of file |
| acct | turn accounting on or off |
| alarm | schedule signal after specified time |
| sbrk, break, brk | change core allocation |
| chdir | change current working directory |
| chmod | change mode of file |
| chown | change owner and group of a file |
| close | close a file |
| creat | create a new file |
| dup2, dup | duplicate an open file descriptor |
| execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp, exece, environ, exec | execute a file |
| exit | terminate process |
| fork | spawn new process |
| getpid | get process identification |
| getgid, geteuid, getegid, getuid | get user and group identity |
| errno, intro | introduction to system calls and error numbers |
| stty, gtty, ioctl | control device |
| kill | send signal to a process |
| link | link to a file |
| lock | lock a process in primary memory |
| locking | provide exclusive file regions for reading or writing |
| tell, lseek | move read/write pointer |
| mknod | make a directory or a special file |
| umount, mount | mount or remove a file system |
| nice | set program priority |
| open | open for reading or writing |
| pause | stop until signal |
| pipe | create an interprocess channel |
| profil | execution time profile |
| ptrace | process trace |
| read | read from file |
| setgid, setuid | set user and group ID |
| signal | catch or ignore signals |
| fstat, stat | get file status |
| stime | set time |
| ioctl, gtty, stty | control device |
| sync | update super-block |
| ftime, time | get date and time |
| times | get process times |
| umask | set file creation mode mask |
| unlink | remove directory entry |
| utime | set file times |
| wait | wait for process to terminate |
| write | write on a file |
| abort | generate a fault |
| abs | integer absolute value |
| atoi, atol, atof | convert ASCII to numbers |
| setkey, encrypt, crypt | DES encryption |
| localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone, ctime | convert date and time to ASCII |
| isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, iscntrl, isascii, ctype | character classification |
| curses | screen functions with "optimal" cursor motion |
| fcvt, gcvt, ecvt | output conversion |
| etext, edata, end | last locations in program |
| ldexp, modf, frexp | split into mantissa and exponent |
| getenv | value for environment name |
| getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent, getgrent | get group file entry |
| getlogin | get login name |
| getpass | read a password |
| getpw | get name from uid |
| getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, getpwent | get password file entry |
| intro | introduction to library functions |
| isatty | find name of a terminal |
| free, realloc, calloc, malloc | main memory allocator |
| mktemp | make a unique file name |
| monitor | prepare execution profile |
| nlist | get entries from name list |
| sys_errlist, sys_nerr, perror | system error messages |
| qsort | quicker sort |
| srand, rand | random number generator |
| longjmp, setjmp | non-local goto |
| sleep | suspend execution for interval |
| stdio | standard buffered input/output package |
| strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex, string | string operations |
| swab | swap bytes |
| system | issue a shell command |
| tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs, termcap | terminal independent operation routines |
| ttyslot, ttyname | find name of a terminal |
| fflush, fclose | close or flush a stream |
| feof, clearerr, fileno, ferror | stream status inquiries |
| freopen, fdopen, fopen | open a stream |
| fwrite, fread | buffered binary input/output |
| ftell, rewind, fseek | reposition a stream |
| getchar, fgetc, getw, getc | get character or word from stream |
| fgets, gets | get a string from a stream |
| pclose, popen | initiate I/O to/from a process |
| fprintf, sprintf, printf | formatted output conversion |
| putchar, fputc, putw, putc | put character or word on a stream |
| fputs, puts | put a string on a stream |
| fscanf, sscanf, scanf | formatted input conversion |
| setbuf | assign buffering to a stream |
| ungetc | push character back into input stream |