uucp(1) uucp(1)
NAME
uucp - UNIX-to-UNIX copy
SYNOPSIS
uucp[ option]... source-file ...destination-file
DESCRIPTION
uucp is primarily a facility to copy files from one UNIX system to
another. The actual file transfer is handled by the uucico program
[see uucico(1M)]. For security reasons, the domain for uucp file
transfers should be restricted to files in the public directory
/var/spool/uucppublic and its subdirectories.
uucp also allows you send electronic mail to remote systems.
Caution:
The domain of remotely accessible files can (and for obvious
security reasons, usually should) be severely restricted. It is
unlikely that you will be authorized to fetch files by path name;
ask a responsible person on the remote system to send them to you
instead. For the same reasons you will probably not be allowed to
send files to arbitrary path names. Access permissions are con-
trolled by the file /usr/lib/uucp/Permissions.
All files received via uucp are owned by the UUCP administrator.
uucp refuses to copy a file that does not grant read access to
"other"; in other words, the file must have at least 0444 modes.
During file transfer, uucp changes the file access mode to 0666.
OPTIONS
-c Transfer the source-file directly without first copying it to the
spool directory. (This option is set by default.)
-C Copy the source file to the spool directory and transmit the copy
to the destination-file.
-d Create directories as needed for the file copy. (This option is
set by default.)
-f Do not create intermediate directories for the file copy.
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uucp(1) uucp(1)
-g grade
This option can be used to establish the service grade with which
files are transmitted by uucp. If /etc/uucp/Grades exists, grade
must be one of the service grades listed by the uuglist command:
high, medium or low. Otherwise grade can be any single letter or
digit: 0,...,9,A,...,Z,a,...,z, where 0 designates the highest
grade, and z the lowest. The default service grade for uucp jobs
is Z. You can use the uuglist command to list the service grades
that are available to you. You should generally set a lower grade
when large jobs are involved.
By way of comparison: uux defaults to A; messages sent by mail
usually have service grade C.
-j Write the uucp job ID to standard output. This job ID can be used
by uustat to obtain the status of a uucp job or to kill (ter-
minate) a uucp job. It is valid for as long as the job remains
queued on the local system.
-m Send mail to the user who called uucp when the requested copy has
been completed.
The -m option will only work when you are sending files or
receiving a single file. If you are receiving multiple files
specified using the shell metacharacters ?, *, or [...], the -m
option will not be activated.
-n user
Notify the user on the remote system that a file has been sent.
-r Simply queue the job without starting the file transfer process.
-s file
Report the status of the transfer to file. The -s option over-
rides the -m option.
-x debug
Turn on debugging at the specified debug level. This causes vari-
ous levels of debugging information to be printed on standard
error when an error occurs. You may specify any number from 0 to
9 for debug; the larger the number, the more detailed the infor-
mation. This option may not be implemented on all systems.
-- If source-file begins with a dash, the end of the command-line
options must be marked with --.
source-file
File to be copied. The ways in which you can specify source files
are described under the section Specifying files.
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destination-file
You may name either a file or a directory as destination-file. If
you name a directory, the source file will be copied into it
under its basename.
The ways in which you can specify destination files are described
in the following section, Specifying files.
Specifying files
You can specify a source-file or destination-file as
- a path name without the system part, in which case your (i.e the
local) system is assumed,
- a string in the form
system-name!pathname
where system-name must be a system name that is known to uucp. The
path name part then refers to a file on the specified (i.e. remote)
system.
- a list of system names specifying the route by which the data is to
be sent:
system1!system2!system3!...!systemn!pathname
You can specify a path name in any of the following four forms:
1. as an absolute path name.
2. as a relative path name; this path name is then prefixed by the
current directory.
3. as a path name preceded by ~user, where user must be an existing
login name on the specified system.
~user is then replaced by the login directory of the specified
user.
4. in the form ~/destination; destination is then appended to the
specified system's public directory (usually
/var/spool/uucppublic). If destination is to be treated as a direc-
tory, you should use the form ~/destination/.
If the shell metacharacters ?, *, and [...] appear within a path name
as part of file name generation patterns, they will be expanded on the
system to which the path name refers.
If the result of the evaluation is an erroneous path name for the
local or remote system, the copy will fail.
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uucp(1) uucp(1)
LOCALE
The LCMESSAGES environment variable governs the language in which
message texts are displayed.
The LCTIME environment variable governs the format of date and time
strings.
LCCTYPE governs character classes, character conversion (shifting)
and the behavior of character classes.
LCCOLLATE governs the collating sequence.
If LCMESSAGES, LCTIME, LCCTYPE or LCCOLLATE is undefined or is
defined as the null string, it defaults to the value of LANG. If LANG
is likewise undefined or null, the system acts as if it were not
internationalized.
The LCALL environment variable governs the entire locale. LCALL
takes precedence over all the other environment variables which affect
internationalization.
If any of the locale variables has an invalid value, the system acts
as if none of the variables were set.
If the shell metacharacters appear within a path name as part of file
name generation patterns, they will be expanded on the system to which
the path name refers.
On an internationalized system the results of the expansion are
governed by the values of the NLS variables LCCOLLATE and LCCTYPE.
In this context note that if you use file name generation patterns in
square brackets, the collating sequence and character classification
may vary from system to system, and equivalence and character class
expressions and collating units may be undefined on non-internation-
alized systems.
EXAMPLE
The command
$ uucp /home1/lit/file hummingbox!~frank/copy
sends the file named /home1/lit/file from the local system to the sys-
tem named hummingbox by copying it to a file named copy in the login
directory of user frank.
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FILES
/usr/lib/uucp/*
UUCP internal files and commands not intended for the user
/etc/uucp/Permissions
Access permissions for systems and logins
/var/spool/uucp
Spool directory
/var/spool/uucppublic
Public directory. In this directory it is safe to assume that you
will be allowed to perform file transfers into and out of the
system. For security reasons, all uucp file transfer activities
should be carried out in this directory.
SEE ALSO
mail(1), mailx(1), uuencode(1), uuglist(1), uulog(1), uustat(1),
uux(1).
D.A.Nowitz and M.E.Lesk: Unix Programmer's Manual, A Dial-Up Network
of UNIX Systems.
D.A.Nowitz: Unix Programmer's Manual, Uucp Implementation Description.
G.Todino and D.Dougherty: Using UUCP and Usenet.
T.O'Reilly and G.Todino: Managing UUCP and Usenet.
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