SYSADM(1M) RISC/os Reference Manual SYSADM(1M)
NAME
sysadm - menu interface to do system administration
SYNOPSIS
sysadm [ sub-command ]
DESCRIPTION
This command, when invoked without an argument, presents a
menu of system administration sub-commands, from which the
user selects. If the optional argument is presented, the
named sub-command is run or the named sub-menu is presented.
The sysadm command may be given a password. See admpasswd
in the SUBCOMMANDS section.
SUB-COMMANDS
The following menus of sub-commands are available. (The
number of bullets ( ⊕ ) in front of each item indicates the
level of the menu or subcommand.)
⊕ diagnostics - system diagnostics menu
These subcommands look for and sometimes repair prob-
lems in the system. Those subcommands that issue
reports allow you to determine if there are detectable
problems. Commands that attempt repair are for repair
people only. You must know what you are doing!
⊕ ⊕ diskrepair - advice on repair of built-in disk errors
This subcommand advises you on how to go about repair-
ing errors that occur on built-in disks.
WARNING: Because this is a repair function, it should
only be performed by qualified service personnel.
NOTE: Reports of disk errors most probably result in
the loss of files and/or damage to data. It will be
necessary to restore the repaired disk from backup
copies.
⊕ ⊕ diskreport - report on built-in disk errors
This subcommand shows you if the system has collected
any information indicating that there have been errors
while reading the built-in disks. You can request
either summary or full reports. The summary report
provides sufficient information about disk errors to
determine if repair should be attempted. If the mes-
sage no errors logged is part of the report, then there
is probably no damage. If a number of errors is
reported, there is damage and you should call for
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service. The full report gives additional detail for
the expert repair person trouble shooting complicated
problems.
NOTE: Reports of disk errors most probably result in
the loss of files and/or damage to data. It will be
necessary to restore the repaired disk from backup
copies.
⊕ diskmgmt - disk management menu
The subcommands in this menu provide functions for
using removable disks. The subcommands include the
ability to format disks, copy disks, and to use disks
as mountable file systems. It also contains a menu of
subcommands for handling non-removable media.
⊕ ⊕ checkfsys - check a removable disk file system for errors
checkfsys checks a file system on a removable disk for
errors. If there are errors, this procedure attempts
to repair them.
⊕ ⊕ cpdisk - make exact copies of a removable disk
This procedure copies the contents of a removable disk
into the machine and then allows the user to make exact
copies of it. These copies are identical to the origi-
nal in every way. The copies are made by first reading
the original removable disk entirely into the machine
and then writing it out onto duplicate disks. The pro-
cedure will fail if there is not enough space in the
system to hold the original disk.
⊕ ⊕ erase - erase data from removable disk
This procedure erases a removable disk by overwriting
it with null bytes. The main purpose is to remove data
that the user does not want seen. Once performed, this
operation is irreversible.
⊕ ⊕ format - format new removable disks
format prepares new removable disks for use. Once for-
matted, programs and data can be written on the disks.
⊕ ⊕ harddisk - hard disk management menu
The subcommands in this menu provide functions for
using hard disks. For each hard disk, the disk can be
partitioned with default partitioning or the current
disk partitioning can be displayed.
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⊕ ⊕ ⊕ display - display hard disk partitioning
display will allow the user to display the hard disk
partitioning. This will inform the user of current
disk partitioning information.
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ partitioning - partition a hard disk
partitioning configures hard disks. This will allow
you to partition a hard disk according to the default
partitioning.
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ rmdisk - remove a hard disk
Removes a hard disk from the system configuration. It
may then be physically disconnected (once the machine
has been turned off) or freshly partitioned (after the
machine has been restarted).
⊕ ⊕ makefsys - create a new file system on a removable disk
makefsys creates a new file system on a removable disk
which can then store data which the user does not wish
to keep on the hard disk. When "mounted", the file
system has all the properties of a file kept on the
hard disk, except that it is smaller.
⊕ ⊕ mountfsys - mount a removable disk file system
mountfsys mounts a file system, found on a removable
disk, making it available to the user. The file system
is unmounted with the "umountfsys" command. THE DISK
MUST NOT BE REMOVED WHILE THE FILE SYSTEM IS STILL
MOUNTED.
IF THE FILE SYSTEM HAS BEEN MOUNTED WITH THE mountfsys
COMMAND, IT MUST BE UNMOUNTED WITH umountfsys.
⊕ ⊕ umountfsys - unmount a removable disk file system
umountfsys unmounts a file system, allowing the user to
remove the disk. THE DISK MUST NOT BE REMOVED UNTIL
THE FILE SYSTEM IS UNMOUNTED.
umountfsys MAY ONLY BE USED TO UNMOUNT FILE SYSTEMS
MOUNTED WITH THE mountfsys COMMAND.
⊕ filemgmt - file management menu
The subcommands in this menu allow the user to protect
files on the hard disk file systems by copying them
onto diskettes and later restoring them to the hard
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disk by copying them back. Subcommands are also pro-
vided to determine which files might be best kept on
diskette based on age or size.
disk or tape
⊕ ⊕ backup - backup files from integral hard disk to removable
backup saves copies of files from the integral hard
disk file systems to removable disk or tape. There are
two kinds of backups:
COMPLETE - copies all files (useful in case of serious
file system damage)
INCREMENTAL - copies files changed since the last
backup
The normal usage is to do a complete backup of each
file system and then periodically do incremental back-
ups. Two cycles are recommended (one set of complete
backups and several incrementals to each cycle). Files
backed up with "backup" are restored using "restore".
⊕ ⊕ bupsched - backup reminder scheduling menu
Backup scheduling is used to schedule backup reminder
messages and backup reminder checks. Backup reminder
messages are sent to the console to remind the adminis-
trator to backup particular file systems when the
machine is shutdown or a reminder check has been run
during the specified time period.
Backup reminder checks specify particular times at
which the system will check to see if any backup rem-
inder messages have been scheduled.
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ schedcheck - schedule backup reminder checks
Backup reminder checks are run at specific times to
check to see if any reminders are scheduled. The user
specifies the times at which the check is to be run.
Checks are run for the reminder messages scheduled by
schedmsg.
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ schedmsg - schedule backup reminder message
Backup reminder messages are sent to the console if the
machine is shutdown or a reminder check has been
scheduled. The user specifies the times at which it is
appropriate to send a message and the file systems to
be included in the message.
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⊕ ⊕ diskuse - display how much of the hard disk is being used
diskuse lets the user know what percentage of the hard
disk is currently occupied by files. The list is
organized by file system names.
⊕ ⊕ fileage - list files older than a particular date
fileage prints the names of all files older than the
date specified by the user. If no date is entered, all
files older than 90 days will be listed. If no direc-
tory is specified to look in, the /usr/admin directory
will be used.
⊕ ⊕ filesize - list the largest files in a particular directory
filesize prints the names of the largest files in a
specific directory. If no directory is specified, the
/usr/admin directory will be used. If the user does
not specify how many large files to list, 10 files will
be listed.
integral hard disk
⊕ ⊕ restore - restore files from "backup" and "store" media to
Restore copies files from disks and tapes made by
"backup" and "store" back onto the hard disk. You can
restore individual files, directories of files, or the
entire contents of a disk or tape. The user can
restore from both "incremental" and "complete" media.
The user can also list the names of files stored on the
disk or tape.
tape
⊕ ⊕ store - store files and directories of files onto disk or
Store copies files from the integral hard disk to disk
or tape and allows the user to optionally verify that
they worked and to optionally remove them when done.
Typically, these would be files that the user wants to
archive or restrict access to. The user can store sin-
gle files and directories of files. Use the "restore"
command to put stored files back on the integral hard
disk and to list the files stored.
⊕ machinemgmt - machine management menu
Machine management functions are tools used to operate
the machine, e.g., turn it off, reboot, or go to the
firmware monitor.
machine
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⊕ ⊕ powerdown - stop all running programs, then turn off the
powerdown will stop all running programs, close any
open files, write out information to disk (such as
directory information), then turn the machine power
off.
⊕ ⊕ reboot - stop all running programs then reboot the machine
reboot will stop all running programs, close any open
files, write out information to disk (such as directory
information), then reboot the machine. This can be
used to get out of some types of system trouble, such
as when a process cannot be killed.
⊕ ⊕ whoson - print list of users currently logged onto the system
whoson prints the login ID, terminal device number, and
sign-on time of all users who are currently using the
computer.
⊕ syssetup - system setup menu
System setup routines allow the user to tell the com-
puter what its environment looks like: what the date,
time, and time zone is, what administration and system
capabilities are to be under password control, what the
machine's name is, etc. The first-time setup sequence
is also here.
⊕ ⊕ admpasswd - assign or change administrative passwords
admpasswd lets you set or make changes to passwords for
administrative commands and logins such as setup and
sysadm.
⊕ ⊕ bsd_like - make the system behave more like BSD 4.3
bsd_like configures kernel parameters and sets values
in /etc/defaults to create a system that behaves more
like BSD 4.3; also allows enabling of sendmail and tty
group restrictions for commands which write to a user's
terminal.
ings time
⊕ ⊕ datetime - set the date, time, time zone, and daylight sav-
datetime tells the computer the date, time, time zone,
and whether you observe Daylight Savings Time (DST).
It is normally run once when the machine is first set
up. If you observe DST, the computer will automati-
cally start to observe it in the spring and return to
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Standard Time in the fall. The machine has to be
turned off and turned back on again to guarantee that
ALL times will be reported correctly. Most are correct
the next time the user logs in.
⊕ ⊕ nodename - set the node name of this machine
This allows you to change the node name of this
machine. The node name is used by various communica-
tions networks to identify this machine.
⊕ ⊕ setup - set up your machine the very first time
setup allows the user to define the first login, to set
the passwords on the user-definable administration
logins and to set the time zone for your location.
⊕ ⊕ svr4_like - make the system behave like System V Release 4.0
svr4_like configures kernel parameters and sets values
in /etc/defaults to create a system that behaves more
like System V Release 4.0; also allows enabling of
sendmail.
⊕ ⊕ syspasswd - assign system passwords
syspasswd lets the user set system passwords normally
reserved for the very knowledgeable user. For this
reason, this procedure may assign those passwords, but
may not change or clear them. Once set, they may only
be changed by the specific login or the "root" login.
⊕ ttymgmt - terminal management
This procedure allows the user to manage the computer's
terminal functions.
⊕ ⊕ lineset - show tty line settings and hunt sequences
The tty line settings are often hunt sequences where,
if the first line setting does not work, the line
"hunts" to the next line setting until one that does
work comes by. This subcommand shows the various
sequences with only specific line settings in them. It
also shows each line setting in detail.
⊕ ⊕ mklineset - create new tty line settings and hunt sequences
This subcommand helps you to create tty line setting
entries. You might want to add line settings that are
not in the current set or create hunt sequences with
only specific line settings in them. The created hunt
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sequences are circular; stepping past the last setting
puts you on the first.
lines
⊕ ⊕ modtty - show and optionally modify characteristics of tty
This subcommand reports and allows you to change the
characteristics of tty lines (also called "ports").
⊕ usermgmt - user management menu
These subcommands allow you to add, modify and delete
the list of users that have access to your machine.
You can also place them in separate groups so that they
can share access to files within the group but protect
themselves from other groups.
⊕ ⊕ addgroup - add a group to the system
addgroup adds a new group name or ID to the computer.
Group names and IDs are used to identify groups of
users who desire common access to a set of files and
directories.
⊕ ⊕ adduser - add a user to the system
adduser installs a new login ID on the machine. You
are asked a series of questions about the user and then
the new entry is made. You can enter more than one
user at a time. Once this procedure is finished, the
new login ID is available.
⊕ ⊕ delgroup - delete a group from the system
delgroup allows you to remove groups from the computer.
The deleted group is no longer identified by name.
However, files may still be identified with the group
ID number.
⊕ ⊕ deluser - delete a user from the system
deluser allows you to remove users from the computer.
The deleted user's files are removed from the hard disk
and their logins are removed from the /etc/passwd file.
⊕ ⊕ lsgroup - list groups in the system
lsgroup will list all the groups that have been entered
into the computer. This list is updated automatically
by addgroup and delgroup.
⊕ ⊕ lsuser - list users in the system
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lsuser will list all the users that have been entered
into the computer. This list is updated automatically
by adduser and deluser.
⊕ ⊕ modadduser - modify defaults used by adduser
modadduser allows the user to change some of the
defaults used when adduser creates a new login. Chang-
ing the defaults does not effect any existing logins,
only logins made from this point on.
⊕ ⊕ modgroup - make changes to a group on the system
modgroup allows the user to change the name of a group
that the user enters when addgroup is run to set up new
groups.
⊕ ⊕ moduser - menu of commands to modify a user's login
This menu contains commands that modify the various
aspects of a user's login.
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ chgloginid - change a user's login ID
This procedure allows the user to change a user's login
ID. Administrative and system logins cannot be
changed.
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ chgpasswd - change a user's passwd
This proceudure allows removal or change of a user's
password. Administrative and system login passwords
channot be changed. To change administrative and sys-
tem login passwords, see syssetup.
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ chgshell - change a user's login shell
This procedure allows the user to change the command
run when a user logs in. The login shell of the admin-
istrative and system logins cannot be changed by this
procedure.
INTERNATIONAL FUNCTIONALITY
Some messages output by sysadm use the word character(s);
however, this actually means byte(s).
EXAMPLES
sysadm adduser
FILES
/usr/admin files that support sysadm
/usr/admin/menu beginning of menu
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