SASH(1M) RISC/os Reference Manual SASH(1M)
NAME
sash - general description of the standalone shell
SYNOPSIS
sash [ -a ] [ -r ] [ file [ args ]]
DESCRIPTION
sash is the RISC/os standalone shell. sash exists so that
the RISC/os standalone programs and the PROM monitor are not
dependent upon the operating system. The standalone shell is
an extended version of the PROM monitor that includes all
the PROM monitor commands as well as commands configured
with more device drivers and file system types.
Use the PROM monitor boot command to boot the sash program.
You can boot the sash program from a cartridge tape, from a
hard disk if the software has already been installed, or
from the network. To boot the sash program from the network,
a machine must be running the bootfile Server Daemon bfsd.
To load the sash program from the network, enter the follow-
ing command:
boot -f bfs()sash [-a][-r] [file[args]]
The parenthesis in the command shown above indicate that the
previous argument is a device. When booting over the net-
work, if the command is entered as shown, then it boots sash
from the first machine that has the program, machine name,
and path name.
If you boot sash without arguments, then the sash command
mode is entered. The sash command prompt appears as follows:
sash:
If you enter the -a argument as the first argument, then
sash assumes that an automatic operating system boot will be
performed. sash examines the name by which it was booted and
uses the same device, controller, and unit to look for an
operating system to boot. sash finds the correct operating
system file to boot by examining the disk volume header on
the specified device. The volume header specifies a root
partition and an operating system file name. Once the
appropriate operating system file is determined, sash boots
the operating system and passes the -a argument and any
other arguments following the -a to the operating system.
If the -r argument is specified as the first argument, then
sash assumes that the next argument is a standalone program
that is being booted by a remote debugger. sash defines the
environment variables dbgmon and rdebug, boots the file
specified by the argument after the -r flag, and passes any
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succeeding arguments. If the booted program was linked
against the standalone library, then the start-up code pro-
vided notes the environment variables dbgmon and rdebug and
loads the debugging monitor co-resident with the program.
This causes the program to enter the remote debugging mode.
If any other argument is passed to sash when it is booted,
then sash interprets the argument as the file name of a pro-
gram to be booted immediately. Any other arguments appearing
on the command line to call sash are passed through to the
booted program. Therefore, if the PROM monitor environment
variable bootfile is set as sash and if you enter one of the
commands below is entered on the PROM monitor command line,
then the PROM monitor loads the file indicated by the
environment variable bootfile:
boot dkis()unix or boot dkip()unix or boot dksd()unix
The bootfile contains the sash program.
EXTENDING THE STANDALONE SHELL
If you enter a sash command on the sash command line that is
not built in, then sash uses the first word of the command
as the name of a file. sash then tries to boot that file by
passing any other arguments on the command line to the
booted program. This mechanism makes two-level boots possi-
ble.
If the environment variable $path is not defined, then the
first word of the command must be a complete file name
specification consisting of a device name, controller, unit,
partition, and a file path. If the environment variable
$path is defined, the PROM monitor tries to boot the program
file formed by prepending the contents of $path to the ori-
ginal file name. If $path is a list of prefixes separated by
spaces, then the standalone shell will try each prefix from
$path until the file is successfully booted or until all
prefixes have been tried.
SASH COMMANDS
When you boot sash without arguments, you enter the sash
command mode. From the command mode prompt, you can display
and alter memory and environment variables, and boot other
programs. All of the commands shown in the following list,
except cp, are PROM monitor commands and can be found in
their own man page listing:
auto Initiates the two-level operating system autoboot
sequence
boot Loads the specified program
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cat Displays the contents of the files listed on the
console
cp Copies the contents of one file to another file
cpu Applies only to RC6380 computers capable of sup-
porting multiple processors. This command turns
CPUs on and off. The cpu off command turns a CPU
off dynamically. The cpu on command requires a
reset to actually turn the computer on.
dbcs Applies to RC6380 computers. This command
displays the board control space registers for the
designated slot.
dbs Applies to RC6380 computers. This command
displays the current status of boards and how the
PROM uses them.
dcs Applies only to RC6380 computers capable of sup-
porting multiple processors and displays the logi-
cal and physical relationships between available
CPUs. For example, it shows whether a CPU is the
master or a slave and its state (on or off).
dcr Applies to RC6380 computers and displays the
current contents of the CPU and other informa-
tional registers
disable Does not allow input from and output to the speci-
fied console device
dnvr Applies only to RC6380 computers. This command
displays and dumps the contents of nonvolatile
RAM) (NVRAM).
dpr Applies to RC6380 computers. This command displays
what the CPU and other informational registers
contained just prior to the last reset.
dump Formats and displays the contents of memory
enable Allows input from and output to the specified con-
sole device
CAUTION: Changing NVRAM can have catastrophic
results. Do not use envr unless you are thoroughly
familiar with how your NVRAM changes can affect
computer operations.
envr Applies to RC6380 computers. This command allows
you to change the contents of NVRAM.
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fill Fills the specified range of memory with the
specified pattern
flush Applies to RC6380 computers. This command flushes
and invalidates the cache for the selected proces-
sor.
fprdump Applies to RC6380 computers. This command displays
the contents of the floating point control regis-
ter and general registers.
g Displays the contents of a single memory location
in decimal, hexadecimal, and ASCII character for-
mats.
go Transfers control to code that is assumed to have
been previously loaded. On multiprocessor comput-
ers, this command allows you to start a selected
CPU.
help Displays the syntax for all commands
idprom Applies to RC6380 computers. This command displays
the contents of the ID PROM for a selected slot.
init Reinitializes the PROM monitor software state. On
multiprocessor computers, this command also ini-
tializes the caches and memories for all CPUs.
inittod Initializes the time-of-day chip
jilt Applies only to RC6380 computers capable of sup-
porting multiple processors. This command sets the
jilt bit in the Control Misc register.
CAUTION: Changing the jilt bits can have catas-
trophic results. Do not attempt to use the jilt
command unless you are thoroughly familiar with
how the jilt bits affect computer operations. This
command is intended for maintenance.
load Allows you to load memory over a serial line con-
nection from a system running the RISC/os program
cu
master Applies only to RC6380 computers capable of sup-
porting multiple processors. This command is used
to select which CPU is the logical master. The
command sets the environment and the actual switch
takes place at the next reset.
p Puts or sets the contents of a single memory
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location to a specified value
printenv Displays the value of the PROM environment vari-
ables
prtod Prints the contents of the time-of-day register
scdump Applies to RC6380 computers and displays the con-
tents of a selected range of secondary cache
setenv Used to create a new environment variable or to
change an existing environment variable. This com-
mand does not change the contents of NVRAM when
executed from sash. To change the NVRAM, you must
use the PROM monitor level. This allows you to try
environments without making them permanent.
sload Accepts a subset of the Motorola S-record protocol
snoop Applies only to RC6380 computers capable of sup-
porting multiple processors. This command allows
you to enable or disable the snoop bit in all Con-
trol Misc registers.
CAUTION: Changing the snoop bit can have catas-
trophic results. Do not attempt to use the snoop
command unless you are thoroughly familiar with
how the snoop bit affects computer operations.
This command is intended for maintenance.
spin Generates reference patterns for diagnostic use
sprobe Returns information for devices on the SCSI bus
tlblookup Applies to RC6380 computers. This command
translates a virtual address to its physical
memory address.
unsetenv Used to delete an existing environment variable
vtag Applies to RC6380 computers. This command attempts
to derive the virtual tag for a cache location.
warm Examines memory for a restart block
SEE ALSO
cp(1), cu(1), prom(1prom), bfsd(1spp)
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