MORE(1-SysV) RISC/os Reference Manual MORE(1-SysV)
NAME
more, page - file perusal filter for crt viewing
SYNOPSIS
more [ -cdflrsu ] [ -n ] [ +linenumber ] [ +/pattern ] [
name... ]
page [ more options ]
DESCRIPTION
more is a filter which allows examination of a continuous
text one screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal. It
normally pauses after each screenful, printing --More-- at
the bottom of the screen. If the user then types a carriage
return, one more line is displayed. If the user hits a
space, another screenful is displayed. Other possibilities
are enumerated later.
The command line options are:
-n An integer which is the size (in lines)
of the window which more will use
instead of the default.
-c more will draw each page by beginning at
the top of the screen and erasing each
line just before it draws on it. This
avoids scrolling the screen, making it
easier to read while more is writing.
This option will be ignored if the ter-
minal does not have the ability to clear
to the end of a line.
-d more will prompt the user with the mes-
sage "Press space to continue, 'q' to
quit." at the end of each screenful, and
will respond to subsequent illegal user
input by printing "Press 'h' for
instructions." instead of ringing the
bell. This is useful if more is being
used as a filter in some setting, such
as a class, where many users may be
unsophisticated.
-f This causes more to count logical,
rather than screen lines. That is, long
lines are not folded. This option is
recommended if nroff output is being
piped through ul, since the latter may
generate escape sequences. These escape
sequences contain characters which would
ordinarily occupy screen positions, but
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which do not print when they are sent to
the terminal as part of an escape
sequence. Thus more may think that
lines are longer than they actually are,
and fold lines erroneously.
-l Do not treat ^L (form feed) specially.
If this option is not given, more will
pause after any line that contains a ^L,
as if the end of a screenful had been
reached. Also, if a file begins with a
form feed, the screen will be cleared
before the file is printed.
-s Squeeze multiple blank lines from the
output, producing only one blank line.
Especially helpful when viewing nroff
output, this option maximizes the useful
information present on the screen.
-r Do not delete carriage returns from the
input. Normally, more will delete car-
riage returns in order to properly view
files with lines ending in carriage
returns and linefeeds, such as those
produced by the script(1) command. Note
that the -r option is implied when the
standard output is not a terminal.
-u Normally, more will handle underlining
such as produced by nroff in a manner
appropriate to the particular terminal:
if the terminal can perform underlining
or has a stand-out mode, more will out-
put appropriate escape sequences to
enable underlining or stand-out mode for
underlined information in the source
file. The -u option suppresses this
processing.
+linenumber Start up at linenumber.
+/pattern Start up two lines before the line con-
taining the regular expression pattern.
If the program is invoked as page, then the screen is
cleared before each screenful is printed (but only if a full
screenful is being printed), and k - 1 rather than k - 2
lines are printed in each screenful, where k is the number
of lines the terminal can display.
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more looks in the file /etc/termcap to determine terminal
characteristics, and to determine the default window size.
On a terminal capable of displaying 24 lines, the default
window size is 22 lines.
more looks in the environment variable MORE to pre-set any
flags desired. For example, if you prefer to view files
using the -c mode of operation, the csh command setenv MORE
-c or the sh command sequence MORE='-c' ; export MORE would
cause all invocations of more , including invocations by
programs such as man and msgs , to use this mode. Normally,
the user will place the command sequence which sets up the
MORE environment variable in the .cshrc or .profile file.
If more is reading from a file, rather than a pipe, then a
percentage is displayed along with the --More-- prompt.
This gives the fraction of the file (in characters, not
lines) that has been read so far.
Other sequences which may be typed when more pauses, and
their effects, are as follows (i is an optional integer
argument, defaulting to 1) :
i<space>
display i more lines, (or another screenful if no argu-
ment is given)
^D display 11 more lines (a ``scroll''). If i is given,
then the scroll size is set to i.
d same as ^D (control-D)
iz same as typing a space except that i, if present,
becomes the new window size.
is skip i lines and print a screenful of lines
if skip i screenfuls and print a screenful of lines
ib skip back i screenfuls and print a screenful of lines
(not available when reading from a pipe)
i^B same as b
q or Q
Exit from more.
= Display the current line number.
v Start up the editor vi at the current line.
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h Help command; give a description of all the more com-
mands.
i/expr
search for the i-th occurrence of the regular expres-
sion expr. If there are less than i occurrences of
expr, and the input is a file (rather than a pipe),
then the position in the file remains unchanged. Oth-
erwise, a screenful is displayed, starting two lines
before the place where the expression was found. The
user's erase and kill characters may be used to edit
the regular expression. Erasing back past the first
column cancels the search command.
in search for the i-th occurrence of the last regular
expression entered.
' (single quote) Go to the point from which the last
search started. If no search has been performed in the
current file, this command goes back to the beginning
of the file.
!command
invoke a shell with command. The characters `%' and `!'
in "command" are replaced with the current file name
and the previous shell command respectively. If there
is no current file name, `%' is not expanded. The
sequences "\%" and "\!" are replaced by "%" and "!"
respectively.
i:n skip to the i-th next file given in the command line
(skips to last file if n doesn't make sense)
i:p skip to the i-th previous file given in the command
line. If this command is given in the middle of print-
ing out a file, then more goes back to the beginning of
the file. If i doesn't make sense, more skips back to
the first file. If more is not reading from a file,
the bell is rung and nothing else happens.
:f display the current file name and line number.
:q or :Q
exit from more (same as q or Q).
. (dot) repeat the previous command.
The commands take effect immediately, i.e., it is not neces-
sary to type a carriage return. Up to the time when the
command character itself is given, the user may hit the line
kill character to cancel the numerical argument being
formed. In addition, the user may hit the erase character
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to redisplay the --More--(xx%) message.
At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, the
user can hit the quit key (normally control-\). more will
stop sending output, and will display the usual --More--
prompt. The user may then enter one of the above commands
in the normal manner. Unfortunately, some output is lost
when this is done, due to the fact that any characters wait-
ing in the terminal's output queue are flushed when the quit
signal occurs.
The terminal is set to noecho mode by this program so that
the output can be continuous. What you type will thus not
show on your terminal, except for the / and ! commands.
If the standard output is not a teletype, then more acts
just like cat, except that a header is printed before each
file (if there is more than one).
A sample usage of more in previewing nroff output would be
nroff -ms +2 doc.n | more -s
FILES
/etc/termcap Terminal data base
/usr/lib/more.help Help file
SEE ALSO
csh(1), man(1), script(1), sh(1), environ(5)
ERRORS
Skipping backwards is too slow on large files.
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