LAST(1-BSD)         RISC/os Reference Manual          LAST(1-BSD)



NAME
     last - indicate last logins of users and terminals

SYNOPSIS
     last [ -N ] [ -a ] [ -f file ] [ -t tty ] [ name... ]

DESCRIPTION
     last will list the sessions of specified users and ttys, in
     reverse time order.  Each line of output contains the user
     name, the tty from which the session was conducted, the
     start and stop times for the session, and the duration of
     the session.  If the session is still continuing or was cut
     short by a crash or shutdown, last will so indicate.

     Other arguments specify users or ttys of interest.  Terminal
     names may be given fully or abbreviated, e.g., ``last -t
     q3'' is equivalent to ``last -t ttyq3''.  If multiple argu-
     ments are given, the information which applies to any of the
     arguments is printed, e.g., ``last root -t console'' would
     list all of ``root's'' sessions as well as all sessions on
     the console terminal. If no users or terminals are speci-
     fied, last prints a record of all logins and logouts.

     The pseudo-user reboot logs in during reboots of the system,
     thus

          last reboot

     will give an indication of mean time between reboot.

     If last is interrupted, it indicates how far the search has
     progressed in wtmp.  If interrupted with a quit signal (gen-
     erated by a control-\) last indicates how far the search has
     progressed, and then continues the search.

OPTIONS
     -N   By default, all logins and logouts that match are
          printed.  This option limits the report to N lines.

     -a   Print information from all data base files.  By
          default, the report only includes data from /etc/wtmp,
          which only applies to the last current period (usually
          a month).  The -a option tells last to get data from
          wtmp.0, wtmp.1, and so forth.  Both /etc and /usr/adm
          are searched for the wtmp.n files.

     -f file
          last reads the file file, rather than the default wtmp
          file.

     -t tty
          last prints information about all logins on terminal



                         Printed 1/15/91                   Page 1

LAST(1-BSD)         RISC/os Reference Manual          LAST(1-BSD)



          tty.

FILES
     /etc/wtmp*          default login data base files

SEE ALSO
     lastcomm(1).
     utmp(4) in the Programmer's Reference Manual.
     ac(8) in the System Administrator's Reference Manual.

AUTHOR
     Howard Katseff

BUGS
     The -a option causes last to look at wtmp, wtmp.0, wtmp.1,
     and so forth, but it stops as soon as it finds a missing
     file, so if there is a wtmp.5 but no wtmp.4, processing
     stops with wtmp.3. The -a option does not work if System V
     Accounting is used, as the wtmp files are rolled nightly
     into files with names of the form
     /usr/adm/acct/nite/wtmp.MMDD.  These files can still be
     accessed using the -f argument.

































 Page 2                  Printed 1/15/91