OD(1) COMMAND REFERENCE OD(1)
NAME
od - octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump
SYNOPSIS
od [ -format ] [ filename ] [ [+]offset[.][b] [label] ]
DESCRIPTION
Od displays file, or its standard input, in one or more dump
formats as selected by the first argument. If the first
argument is missing, -o is the default.
The offset argument specifies the byte offset into the file
where dumping is to commence. This argument is normally
interpreted as octal bytes. A different radix can be
specified: If ``.'' is appended to the argument, then
offset is interpreted in decimal. If offset begins with
``x'' or ``0x'', it is interpreted in hexadecimal. If ``b''
(``B'') is appended, the offset is interpreted as a block
count, where a block is 1024-bytes. If the filename
argument is omitted, an offset argument must be preceded by
``+''.
The radix of the displayed address will be the same as the
radix of the offset, if specified; otherwise it will be
octal.
Label will be interpreted as a pseudo-address for the first
byte displayed. It will be shown in ``()'' following the
file offset. It is intended to be used with core images to
indicate the real memory address. The syntax for label is
identical to that for offset.
By default, display lines that are identical to the last
line shown are not output, but are indicated with an ``*''
in column 1. This behavior can be turned off with the -v
option.
OPTIONS
-a Interpret bytes as characters and display them with
their ACSII names. If the p character is given also,
then bytes with even parity are underlined. The P
character causes bytes with odd parity to be underlined.
Otherwise the parity bit is ignored.
-b Interpret bytes as unsigned octal.
-c Interpret bytes as ASCII characters. Certain non-
graphic characters appear as C escapes: null=\0,
backspace=\b, formfeed=\f, newline=\n, return=\r,
tab=\t; others appear as 3-digit octal numbers. Bytes
with the parity bit set are displayed in octal.
Printed 10/17/86 1
OD(1) COMMAND REFERENCE OD(1)
-d Interpret (short) words as unsigned decimal.
-f Interpret long words as floating point.
-h Interpret (short) words as unsigned hexadecimal.
-i Interpret (short) words as signed decimal.
-l Interpret long words as signed decimal.
-o Interpret (short) words as unsigned octal.
-s[n]
Look for strings of ascii graphic characters, terminated
with a null byte. N specifies the minimum length string
to be recognized. By default, the minimum length is 3
characters.
-v Show all data. By default, display lines that are
identical to the last line shown are not output, but are
indicated with an ``*'' in column 1.
-w[n]
Specifies the number of input bytes to be interpreted
and displayed on each output line. If w is not
specified, 16 bytes are read for each display line. If
n is not specified, it defaults to 32.
-x Interpret (short) words as hexadecimal.
An upper case format character implies the long or double
precision form of the object.
EXAMPLES
The following invocation of od produces an octal dump in 132
column format, which works nicely if printed on wide printer
paper.
od -ow frmt
RETURN VALUE
[NO_ERRS] Command completed without error.
[USAGE] Incorrect command line syntax. Execution
terminated.
[P_ERR] A system error occurred. Execution
terminated. See intro(2) for more
information on system errors.
Printed 10/17/86 2
OD(1) COMMAND REFERENCE OD(1)
CAVEATS
A hexadecimal offset can't be a block count.
It is an historical botch to require specification of
object, radix, and sign representation in a single character
argument.
SEE ALSO
adb(1), sdb(1).
Printed 10/17/86 3
%%index%%
na:72,72;
sy:144,165;
de:309,1653;
op:1962,740;2846,1244;
ex:4090,228;
rv:4318,399;
ca:4861,242;
se:5103,131;
%%index%%000000000143