CAT(1)                  COMMAND REFERENCE                  CAT(1)



NAME
     cat - catenate and print

SYNOPSIS
     cat [ -b ] [ -e ] [ -n ] [ -s ] [ -t ] [ -u ] [ -v ] [
     filename ... ]

DESCRIPTION
     Cat reads each filename in sequence and displays it on the
     standard output. Thus:

          cat file

     displays the file on the standard output, and:

          cat file1 file2 >file3

     concatenates the first two files and places the result on
     the third.

     If no input file is given, or if the dash argument (-) is
     encountered, cat reads from the standard input.  Output is
     buffered in 1024-byte blocks unless the standard output is a
     terminal, in which case it is line buffered.

OPTIONS
     -b Displays the non-blank output lines preceded by line
        numbers, sequentially numbered from one.

     -e Similar to -v, with the exception that it displays a $
        character at the end of each line.

     -n Displays the output lines preceded by line numbers,
        sequentially numbered from one.

     -s Removes multiple empty lines, leaving only one blank
        line. Note that a line which contains only blanks and
        tabs is not an empty line.

     -t Similar to -v, with the exception that it displays tab
        characters as ^I.

     -u Causes the output to be completely unbuffered.

     -v Displays non-printing characters so that they are
        visible.  Control characters print like ^X for <CTRL-X>
        (except for tabs which continue to be expanded); the
        delete character (octal 0177) prints as ^?.  Non-ascii
        characters (with the high bit set) are printed as M- (for
        meta) followed by the character of the low 7 bits.





Printed 4/6/89                                                  1

CAT(1)                  COMMAND REFERENCE                  CAT(1)



EXAMPLES
     The following example concatenates the files tmp.1, tmp.2
     and tmp.3 onto standard output.

          cat tmp.1 tmp.2 tmp.3

DIAGNOSTICS
     cat: Output is going to be written on input file file
        Cat displays this message if you try to redirect its
        output to a file which was one of the input files -- in
        other words, cat won't overwrite one of its input files.
        (See note below.)

RETURN VALUE
     [NO_ERRS]      Command completed without error.

     [NP_WARN]      An error warranting a warning message
                    occurred. Execution continues.

     [P_WARN]       A system error occurred. Execution continues.
                    See intro(2) for more information on system
                    errors.

CAVEATS
     Sh(1sh) redirection such as cat a b >a and cat a b >b, may
     destroy the input files before reading them.

SEE ALSO
     cp(1), ex(1), more(1), pr(1), sh(1sh), and tail(1).


























Printed 4/6/89                                                  2

%%index%%
na:216,76;
sy:292,356;
de:648,722;
op:1370,1261;
ex:2919,247;
di:3166,574;
rv:3740,458;
ca:4198,343;
se:4541,207;
%%index%%000000000147