OD(1)                   COMMAND REFERENCE                   OD(1)



NAME
     od - octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump

SYNOPSIS
     od [ -format ] [ filename ] [ [+]offset[.][b] [label] ]

DESCRIPTION
     Od displays file, or its standard input, in one or more dump
     formats as selected by the first argument.  If the first
     argument is missing, -o is the default.

     The offset argument specifies the byte offset into the file
     where dumping is to commence.  This argument is normally
     interpreted as octal bytes.  A different radix can be
     specified: If ``.'' is appended to the argument, then offset
     is interpreted in decimal.  If offset begins with ``x'' or
     ``0x'', it is interpreted in hexadecimal.  If ``b'' (``B'')
     is appended, the offset is interpreted as a block count,
     where a block is 1024-bytes.  If the filename argument is
     omitted, an offset argument must be preceded by ``+''.

     The radix of the displayed address will be the same as the
     radix of the offset, if specified; otherwise it will be
     octal.

     Label will be interpreted as a pseudo-address for the first
     byte displayed.  It will be shown in ``()'' following the
     file offset.  It is intended to be used with core images to
     indicate the real memory address.  The syntax for label is
     identical to that for offset.

     By default, display lines that are identical to the last
     line shown are not output, but are indicated with an ``*''
     in column 1.  This behavior can be turned off with the -v
     option.

OPTIONS
     -a Interpret bytes as characters and display them with their
        ACSII names.  If the p character is given also, then
        bytes with even parity are underlined.  The P character
        causes bytes with odd parity to be underlined.  Otherwise
        the parity bit is ignored.

     -b Interpret bytes as unsigned octal.

     -c Interpret bytes as ASCII characters.  Certain non-graphic
        characters appear as C escapes:

            null=\0,
            backspace=\b,
            formfeed=\f,
            newline=\n,



Printed 5/12/88                                                 1

OD(1)                   COMMAND REFERENCE                   OD(1)



            return=\r,
            tab=\t;
            others appear as 3-digit octal numbers.

        Bytes with the parity bit set are displayed in octal.

     -d Interpret (short) words as unsigned decimal.

     -f Interpret long words as floating point.

     -h Interpret (short) words as unsigned hexadecimal.

     -i Interpret (short) words as signed decimal.

     -l Interpret long words as signed decimal.

     -o Interpret (short) words as unsigned octal.

     -s[n]
        Look for strings of ascii graphic characters, terminated
        with a null byte.  N specifies the minimum length string
        to be recognized.  By default, the minimum length is 3
        characters.

     -v Show all data. By default, display lines that are
        identical to the last line shown are not output, but are
        indicated with an ``*'' in column 1.

     -w[n]
        Specifies the number of input bytes to be interpreted and
        displayed on each output line. If w is not specified, 16
        bytes are read for each display line.  If n is not
        specified, it defaults to 32.

     -x Interpret (short) words as hexadecimal.

     An upper case format character implies the long or double
     precision form of the object.

EXAMPLES
     The following invocation of od produces an octal dump in 132
     column format, which works nicely if printed on wide printer
     paper.

          od -ow frmt

RETURN VALUE
     [NO_ERRS]      Command completed without error.

     [USAGE]        Incorrect command line syntax. Execution
                    terminated.




Printed 5/12/88                                                 2

OD(1)                   COMMAND REFERENCE                   OD(1)



     [P_ERR]        A system error occurred. Execution
                    terminated.  See intro(2) for more
                    information on system errors.

CAVEATS
     A hexadecimal offset can't be a block count.

     It is an historical botch to require specification of
     object, radix, and sign representation in a single character
     argument.

SEE ALSO
     adb(1) and sdb(1).










































Printed 5/12/88                                                 3

%%index%%
na:192,88;
sy:280,217;
de:497,1743;
op:2240,698;3202,1469;
ex:4671,257;
rv:4928,271;5463,173;
ca:5636,270;
se:5906,158;
%%index%%000000000153