shm_open(3R)
NAME
shm_open − open a shared memory object
SYNOPSIS
cc [ flag ... ] file ... −lposix4 [ library ... ]
#include <sys/mman.h>
int shm_open(const char ∗name, int oflag, mode_t mode );
DESCRIPTION
shm_open() either opens a file descriptor for the shared memory object with the name referenced by name. If successful, shm_open() returns a file descriptor for the shared memory object that is the lowest numbered file descriptor not currently open for that process. Since the open file description is new, the new file descriptor is not as yet shared with any other processes.
name points to a string naming a shared memory object. The name argument should conform to the construction rules for a pathname. If a process makes multiple successful calls to shm_open(), with the same value for name, the same semaphore address will be returned for each successful call, provided that there have been no calls to sem_unlink(3R) for this semaphore. The first character of name must be a slash (/) character and the remaining characters of name cannot include any slash characters. For maximum portability, name should include no more than 14 characters, but this limit is not enforced.
The file status flags and file access modes of the open file descriptor are set according to the value of oflag: the bitwise inclusive OR of the following flags, defined in the header <fcntl.h>. (Applications must specify exactly one of the first two values below in the value of oflag):
O_RDONLY
Open for read access only.
O_RDWR Open for read or write access.
Any combination of the remaining flags may be bitwise inclusive OR- ed with the value of oflag:
O_CREAT If name does not exist, the shared memory object is created, it’s user ID is set to the effective user ID of the process, and it’s group ID is set to a system default group ID or to the effective group ID of the process. The shared memory object’s permission bits will be set to the value of mode, modified by clearing all bits set in the file mode creation mask of the process (see umask(2)). mode does not affect whether the shared memory object is opened for reading, for writing, or for both. The new shared memory object has a size of zero. If the shared memory object does exist, this flag will have no effect, except as specified under O_EXCL below.
O_EXCL If both OEXCL and O_CREAT are set, shm_open() fails if the shared memory object, name, exists. The check for the existence of the shared memory object and the creation of the object if it does not exist is atomic with respect to other processes executing shm_open() naming the same shared memory object with
OEXCL and O_CREAT set.
O_TRUNC If the shared memory object exists, and it is successfully opened O_RDWR, the object is truncated to zero length and the mode and ownership are unchanged by this function call.
RETURN VALUES
If successful, shm_open() returns a nonnegative integer representing the lowest numbered unused file descriptor, otherwise it returns −1 and sets errno to indicate the error condition.
ERRORS
EACCES The shared memory object exists and the permissions specified by oflag are denied, or the shared memory object does not exist and permission to create the shared memory object is denied, or O_TRUNC is specified and write permission is denied.
EEXIST O_CREAT and O_EXCL are set and the named shared memory object already exists.
EINTR The shm_open() operation was interrupted by a signal.
EINVAL name is an invalid file description.
EMFILE The number of open file descriptors in this process exceeds OPEN_MAX.
ENAMETOOLONG
The length of the name string exceeds PATH_MAX, or a pathname component is longer than NAME_MAX while _POSIX_NO_TRUNC is in effect.
ENFILE The system file table is full
ENOENT O_CREAT is not set and the named shared memory object does not exist.
ENOSPC There is insufficient space for the creation of the new shared memory object.
ENOSYS shm_open() is not supported by this implementation.
FILES
/usr/include/fcntl.h
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| MT-Level | MT-Safe |
SEE ALSO
close(2), dup(2), exec(2), fcntl(2), mmap(2), umask(2), shm_unlink(3R), sysconf(3C), attributes(5), fcntl(5)
NOTES
When a shared memory object is created, the state of the shared memory object, including all data associated with the shared memory object, persists until the shared memory object is unlinked and all other references are gone.
SunOS 5.6 — Last change: 30 Dec 1996