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intro(7P)

routed(1M)



     ROUTE(1M)                                               ROUTE(1M)



     NAME
          route - manually manipulate the routing tables

     SYNOPSIS
          /usr/etc/route [ -f ] [ -n ] [ command args ]

     DESCRIPTION
          Route is a program used to manually manipulate the network
          routing tables.  It normally is not needed, as the system
          routing table management daemon, routed(1M), should tend to
          this task.

          Route accepts two commands:  add, to add a route, and
          delete, to delete a route.

          All commands have the following syntax:

            /usr/etc/route command [ net | host ] destination gateway
          [ metric ]

          where destination is the destination host or network,
          gateway is the next-hop gateway to which packets should be
          addressed, and metric is a count indicating the number of
          hops to the destination.  The metric is required for add
          commands; it must be zero if the destination is on a
          directly-attached network, and nonzero if the route utilizes
          one or more gateways.  If adding a route with metric 0, the
          gateway given is the address of this host on the common
          network, indicating the interface to be used for
          transmission.  Routes to a particular host are distinguished
          from those to a network by interpreting the Internet address
          associated with destination.  The optional keywords net and
          host force the destination to be interpreted as a network or
          a host, respectively.  Otherwise, if the destination has a
          ``local address part'' of INADDR_ANY, or if the destination
          is the symbolic name of a network, then the route is assumed
          to be to a network; otherwise, it is presumed to be a route
          to a host.  If the route is to a destination connected via a
          gateway, the metric should be greater than 0.  All symbolic
          names specified for a destination or gateway are looked up
          first as a host name using gethostbyname(3N).  If this
          lookup fails, getnetbyname(3N) is then used to interpret the
          name as that of a network.

          Route uses a raw socket and the SIOCADDRT and SIOCDELRT
          ioctl's to do its work.  As such, only the super-user may
          modify the routing tables.

          If the -f option is specified, route will ``flush'' the
          routing tables of all gateway entries.  If this is used in
          conjunction with one of the commands described above, the
          tables are flushed prior to the command's application.



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     ROUTE(1M)                                               ROUTE(1M)



          The -n option prevents attempts to print host and network
          names symbolically when reporting actions.

     DIAGNOSTICS
          ``add [ host | network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x''
          The specified route is being added to the tables.  The
          values printed are from the routing table entry supplied in
          the ioctl call.  If the gateway address used was not the
          primary address of the gateway (the first one returned by
          gethostbyname), the gateway address is printed numerically
          as well as symbolically.

          ``delete [ host | network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x''
          As above, but when deleting an entry.

          ``%s %s done''
          When the -f flag is specified, each routing table entry
          deleted is indicated with a message of this form.

          ``Network is unreachable''
          An attempt to add a route failed because the gateway listed
          was not on a directly-connected network.  The next-hop
          gateway must be given.

          ``not in table''
          A delete operation was attempted for an entry which wasn't
          present in the tables.

          ``routing table overflow''
          An add operation was attempted, but the system was low on
          resources and was unable to allocate memory to create the
          new entry.

     SEE ALSO
          intro(7P), routed(1M)

     ORIGIN
          4.3 BSD

















     Page 2                                        (last mod. 8/20/87)



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