BADTRK(ADM) XENIX System V BADTRK(ADM)
Name
badtrk - Scans fixed disk for flaws and creates bad track
table.
Syntax
badtrk [-e] [-s qtdn] [-f /dev/rhd*]
Description
Used chiefly during system installation, badtrk scans the
media surface for flaws, creates a new bad track table,
prints the current table, and adds and deletes entries to
the table.
WARNING: The -e flag should not be invoked by the user. It
is called by hdinit during installation to change the space
allocated for bad tracks. Use of the -e flag at any other
time may restructure the hard disk, rendering the
information stored on it unusable.
To use badtrk, you must be in single user mode. (See
shutdown(ADM)). To address the active partition on your
primary fixed disk, enter:
badtrk -f /dev/rhd0a
To address the active partition on your secondary fixed
disk, enter:
badtrk -f /dev/rhd1a
WARNING: badtrk must be applied to a partition, not a whole
disk, division, or filesystem.
Usage
When badtrk is executed, the program first displays the main
menu:
1. Print Current Bad Track Table 2. Scan Disk (You may
choose Read-Only or Destructive later) 3. Add Entries to
Current Bad Track Table by Cylinder/Head Number 4. Add
Entries to Current Bad Track Table by Sector Number 5.
Delete Entries Individually From Current Bad Track Table 6.
Delete All Entries From Bad Track Table
Enter your choice or `q' to quit:
You are prompted for option numbers, and, depending upon the
option, more information may be queried for later.
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BADTRK(ADM) XENIX System V BADTRK(ADM)
A bad track table (option `1') might look like this:
Defective Tracks
_________________________________________
| Cylinder Head Sector Number(s)|
|________________________________________|
| 1. 190 3 12971-12987 |
|________________________________________|
Press <RETURN> to continue.
Option ``2'' scans the disk for flaws. If badtrk thinks
changes may have been made to your bad track table since
entering badtrk or updating your table, you will be asked if
you want to update the device with the new table before
scanning. You should answer ``y'' to save your changes, `n'
if you don't want to save changes made up to this point.
Next you are prompted for the type of scan: all or part of
the disk, a thorough or quick scan, and whether it is
destructive or not. After you respond to these prompts,
badtrk begins its scan. You can interrupt a scan by typing
``q'' at any time. You are then prompted to continue the
scan or return to the main menu.
As the program finds flawed tracks, it displays the location
of each bad track. Here is an example error message:
wd: ERROR : on fixed disk ctlr=0 dev=0/47 block=31434
cmd=00000020
status=00005180, sector = 62899, cylinder/head = 483/4
(You may see this kind of message if there is a read or
write error during the scanning procedure.)
When the scan is complete, the main menu reappears. The
program automatically enters any detected flaws in the bad
track table.
If there are no entries in your bad track table and a scan
does not reveal any flaws, but your disk is furnished with a
flaw map, you should enter these flaws into the bad track
table. Select either option ``3'' or ``4'' to add the
entries.
To add flaw locations to an existing bad track table, select
either option ``3'' or option ``4'', depending upon the
format of the flaw map furnished with your disk. Enter the
defective tracks, one per line. (This should only be done
on non-remapped drives; see cautions under Notes.)
When you are satisfied that badtrk contains a table of the
desired flaws, quit the badtrk program by entering ``q'' at
the main menu.
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If badtrk was invoked with the -e option (which should only
occur when called by hdinit, during the installation
procedure), if you are reinstalling and you have a valid
disk division table, the following message is displayed
prior to the badtrk menu:
This device contains a valid division table. Additional
(non-root) filesystems can be preserved across this
reinstallation. If you wish to be able to preserve these
file systems later, you must not change the current limit of
the bad track table, which is n bad tracks. Do you wish to
leave it unchanged? <y/n>:/s+1
If you respond ``y'', you will not be prompted later to
enter a new limit for the size of your bad track table. You
can add or delete entries, but you will not be allowed to
increase the maximum number of bad tracks allocated. If you
respond ``n'' and the size of your bad track table is
changed, your disk division table will be destroyed.
If you do not have a valid disk division table or you
selected ``n'' when prompted, you are prompted for the
number of bad tracks to allocate. There will be a
recommended number of replacement tracks to allocate based
on the number of known bad tracks plus an allowance for
tracks that will go bad in the future. You should choose to
allocate at least as many as the recommended number of
replacement tracks. Make your choice carefully, because if
you want to change this amount later, you will have to
reinstall .
At this point, you are asked if you want to update the
table, meaning if you wish to save the changes made. You
should answer ``y'' to save your changes, ``n'' to leave the
bad track table as it was when last updated.
Arguments
-f name
Opens the partition name and reads the bad track table
associated with that partition. The default is
/dev/rhd0a.
-s options
Invokes badtrk non-interactively. Valid options for
this flag are:
[q]uick
[t]horough
[d]estructive
[n]on-destructive
The -s flag takes two options at a time. Choose quick or
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BADTRK(ADM) XENIX System V BADTRK(ADM)
thorough scan, and destructive or non-destructive scan.
Notes
This utility only applies to standard disk controllers and
not SCSI host adapters or SMS-OMTI controllers.
badtrk can only be used in single-user mode.
If a bad spot develops in the boot blocks or system tables
at the very beginning of the fdisk partition, reinstallation
is required.
Some disk controllers support alternate modes known as
"translation," "mapping" or "63-sector" modes that change
the apparent shape of the drive. This is often used to make
a drive that has more than 1024 cylinders appear to have
less cylinders in order to make it compatible with MS-DOS.
If your drive has been formatted using one of these options,
do not use options 3 and 4 to manually add entries to the
bad track.
Files
/etc/badtrk
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