xpr(1) X Version 11 (29 November 1989) xpr(1)
NAME
xpr - prints an X window dump
SYNOPSIS
xpr [ -options ... ] filename
DESCRIPTION
The xpr utility takes as input a window dump file produced
by xwd(1) and formats it for output on the LN03, LA100,
PostScript printers, or IBM PP3812 page printer. If you
specify no file argument, xpr uses the standard input. To
print xwd files, you must use the -xy option to the xwd
program.
By default, xpr prints the largest possible representation
of the window on the output page. Options allow you to add
headers and trailers, specify margins, adjust the scale and
orientation, and append multiple window dumps to a single
output file. Output is to standard output unless you
specify the -output option.
OPTIONS
-scale scale
Affects the size of the window on the page. The LN03
and PostScript printers can translate each bit in a
window pixel map into whatever size grid you specify.
For example, if you want each bit to translate into a
3x3 grid, specify the -scale option as follows:
-scale 3
By default xpr prints a window with the largest scale
that can fit onto the page for the specified
orientation.
-height inches
Specifies the maximum height of the window on the page.
-width inches
Specifies the maximum width of the window.
-left inches
Specifies the left margin in inches. Fractions are
allowed. By default the window is centered in the
page.
-top inches
Specifies the top margin for the picture in inches.
Fractions are allowed.
-header header
Specifies a header string printed above the window.
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-trailer trailer
Specifies a trailer string printed below the window.
-landscape
Prints the window in landscape mode. By default the
window prints so that its longest side follows the long
side of the paper.
-portrait
Prints the window in portrait mode. By default the
window prints so that its longest side follows the long
side of the paper.
-rv Prints the window in reverse video.
-compact
Specifies a simple run-length encoding for compact
representation of windows containing many white pixels.
-output filename
Specifies an output file name. If you do not specify
this option xpr uses standard output.
-append filename
Appends a window to filename previously produced by
xpr.
-noff
When specified in conjunction with -append, the window
appears on the same page as the previous window.
-split n
Splits a window onto several pages. This might be
necessary for very large windows that would otherwise
cause the printer to overload and print the page in an
obscure manner.
-device device
Specifies the device on which the file prints.
Currently only the LN03 (-device ln03), LA100 (-device
la100), PostScript printers (-device ps), and IBM
PP3812 (-device pp) are supported. -device lw
(LaserWriter) is equivalent to -device ps and is
provided only for backwards compatibility.
LIMITATIONS
To print files generated by xwd, you must use the -xy option
to the xwd program.
This version of xpr can generally print X windows no larger
than two-thirds of the screen on the LN03. For example, xpr
can print out a large Emacs window, but it usually fails
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when trying to print out the entire screen.
The LN03 has memory limitations that can cause problems if
you are printing very large or complex windows. The two
most common error message you may encounter are:
band too complex
and
page memory exceeded
In the first case, your window may have a particular six-pixel
row that contains too many changes (from black to white to
black). This causes the printer to drop part of the line and
possibly parts of the rest of the page. The printer flashes
the number "1" on its front panel when this problem occurs.
Possible solutions to this problem are to increase the scale
of the picture or split the picture onto two or more pages.
The second problem occurs if the picture contains too much
black, or if the picture contains complex halftones such as
the background color of a display. When this problem
occurs, the printer automatically splits the picture into
two or more pages. It may flash the number "5" on its front
panel. There is no easy solution to this problem. You will
probably have to either cut and paste or rework your
application to produce a less complex picture.
The xpr program provides some support for the LA100.
However, there are several limitations on its use: the
picture always prints in portrait mode; there is no scaling;
and the aspect ratio is slightly off.
Support for PostScript output currently cannot handle the
-append, -noff, or -split options.
The xpr program prints color images in black.
The -compact option is only supported for PostScript output.
It compresses white space but not black space, so it is not
useful for reverse-video windows.
SEE ALSO
xwd(1)
xwud(1)
X(1)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 1988, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Copyright 1986, Marvin Solomon and the University of
Wisconsin.
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See X(1) for a full statement of rights and permissions.
AUTHORS
Michael R. Gretzinger, MIT Project Athena; Jose Capo, MIT
Project Athena (PP3812 support); Marvin Solomon, University
of Wisconsin.
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