shutdown(1M) shutdown(1M)
NAME
shutdown - shut down system, change system state
SYNOPSIS
shutdown [-y] [-ggrace_period [-iinit_state]
DESCRIPTION
This command is executed by a privileged user to change the
state of the machine. In most cases, it is used to change
from the multi-user state (state 2) to another state (see
below).
By default, it brings the system to state 0: the state in
which it is safe to remove the power. This state is called
the shutdown state.
The command sends a warning message and a final message before
it starts actual shutdown activities. shutdown gets the
default value for a grace_period following each of these
messages from /etc/default/shutdown, if that file exists. The
value of grace_period is implementation dependent. If
shutdown cannot find the file or cannot read the value, it
displays a warning and sets the grace period to 60 seconds.
By default, the command asks for confirmation before it starts
shutting down daemons and killing processes. The options are
used as follows:
-y pre-answers the confirmation question so the command can
be run without user intervention. A default grace_period
is allowed between the warning message and the final
message. Another grace_period is allowed between the
final message and the confirmation.
-ggrace_period
allows a privileged user to change the grace_period from
the default.
-iinit_state
specifies the state that init is to be put in following
the warnings, if any. By default, system state 0 is
used.
Other recommended system state definitions are:
Copyright 1994 Novell, Inc. Page 1
shutdown(1M) shutdown(1M)
state 0:
Shut the machine down so it is safe to remove the power.
If possible, have the machine remove the power. (The rc0
procedure is invoked for this.)
state 1:
State 1 is referred to as the administrative state. File
systems required for multi-user operations are mounted
and logins requiring access to multi-user file systems
can be used. When the system comes up from firmware mode
into state 1, only the console is active; multi-user
(state 2) services are unavailable. When the system is
going from state 2 to state 1, some services are stopped
and some processes are killed; otherwise, the system
continues operating as it did in state 2. (The rc1
procedure is invoked for this.)
state s, S:
State s (or S) is referred to as the single-user state.
All user processes are stopped and file systems required
for multi-user logins are unmounted on transitions to
this state. Thereafter, the system can be accessed only
through the console; logins requiring access to multi-
user file systems cannot be used. Run your system in
this state to install or remove software utilities, or to
back up, restore, or check a file system. The system
enters state s automatically when the /usr file system is
corrupted and cannot be recovered. The set of file
systems mounted while a system is in state s is not
always the same; which file systems are mounted depends
on the method by which the system entered state s and
local computer site rules.
state 5:
Stop the operating system and go to firmware mode if the
processor (system) supports it. If firmware mode is
supported: (a) run special firmware commands and programs
that reside in NVRAM-such as making a floppy key, and (b)
run programs that reside in the /stand file system under
the control of the NVRAM-such as running /stand/unix to
reboot the system.
If there is no firmware mode, shut the system down so it
is safe to remove power. If possible, have the machine
remove the power. (The rc0 procedure is invoked for
this.) See ``state 0.''
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shutdown(1M) shutdown(1M)
state 6:
Stop and reboot the operating system to the state defined
by the initdefault entry in /etc/inittab. If necessary,
configure a new bootable operating system before the
reboot. (Because rc6 is linked to rc0 for backward
compatibility, the rc0 procedure is invoked for this.)
FILES
/etc/default/shutdown
NOTICES
shutdown(1M) behaves differently depending on the number of
users logged in. If several users are logged in, three
messages are displayed, warning, final, and confirmation, with
grace_period between each message. If only the user issuing
shutdown is logged in, or if grace_period is 0, then no
messages will be issued.
REFERENCES
init(1M), inittab(4), rc0(1M), rc2(1M)
Copyright 1994 Novell, Inc. Page 3