fuser(1M)                                                  fuser(1M)


       NAME
             fuser - identify processes using a file or file structure

       SYNOPSIS
             /usr/sbin/fuser [-[c|f]ku] files | resources [[-] [-[c|f]ku] files |
                   resources] . . .

       DESCRIPTION
             fuser outputs the process IDs of the processes that are using
             the files or remote resources specified as arguments.  Each
             process ID is followed by one of these letter codes, which
             identify how the process is using the file:

             c     as its current directory.

             r     as its root directory, which was set up by the
                   chroot(1M) command.

             o     as an open file.

             t     as its text file.

             For block special devices with mounted file systems, processes
             using any file on that device are listed.  For remote resource
             names, processes using any file associated with that remote
             resource are reported.  For all other types of files (text
             files, executables, directories, devices, and so on) only the
             processes using that file are reported.

             The following options may be used with fuser:

             -c    may be used with files that are mount points for file
                   systems.  With that option the report is for use of the
                   mount point and any files within that mounted file
                   system.

             -f    when this is used, the report is only for the named
                   file, not for files within a mounted file system.

             -u    the user login name, in parentheses, also follows the
                   process ID.

             -k    the SIGKILL signal is sent to each process.  Since this
                   option spawns kills for each process, the kill messages
                   may not show up immediately [see kill(1)].



                           Copyright 1994 Novell, Inc.               Page 1

      fuser(1M)                                                  fuser(1M)


            If more than one group of files are specified, the options may
            be respecified for each additional group of files.  A lone
            dash cancels the options currently in force.

            The process IDs are printed as a single line on the standard
            output, separated by spaces and terminated with a single new
            line.  All other output is written on standard error.

            Any user with permission to read /dev/kmem can use fuser.
            Only a privileged user can terminate another user's process.

      EXAMPLES
            fuser -ku /dev/dsk/1s?
                  if typed by a user with appropriate privileges,
                  terminates all processes that are preventing disk drive
                  one from being unmounted, listing the process ID and
                  login name of each as it is killed.

            fuser -u /etc/passwd
                  lists process IDs and login names of processes that have
                  the password file open.

            fuser -ku /dev/dsk/1s? -u /etc/passwd
                  executes both of the above examples in a single command
                  line.

            fuser -cu /home
                  if the /dev/dsk/c1d0s9 device is mounted on /home, lists
                  process IDs and login names of processes that are using
                  /dev/dsk/c1d0s9.

      FILES
            /stand/unix
                      for system namelist
            /dev/kmem for system image
            /dev/mem  also for system image

      NOTE
            If an RFS resource from a pre System V Release 4 server is
            mounted, fuser can only report on use of the whole file
            system, not on individual files within it.  This RFS interface
            is no longer supported.

            Because fuser works with a snapshot of the system image, it
            may miss processes that begin using a file while fuser is
            running.  Also, processes reported as using a file may have


                          Copyright 1994 Novell, Inc.               Page 2

       fuser(1M)                                                  fuser(1M)


             stopped using it while fuser was running.  These factors
             should discourage the use of the -k option.

             fuser does not report all possible usages of a file (for
             example, a mapped file).

       REFERENCES
             chroot(1M), kill(2), mount(1M), proc(4), ps(1), signal(2)








































                           Copyright 1994 Novell, Inc.               Page 3