lp(1) lp(1)
NAME
lp, cancel - send/cancel print requests
SYNOPSIS
lp [print-options] [files]
lp -i request-ID print-options
cancel [request-IDs] [printers]
cancel -u login-IDs [printers]
DESCRIPTION
The first form of the lp command arranges for the named files
and associated information (collectively called a request) to
be printed. If filenames are not specified on the command
line, the standard input is assumed. The standard input may
be specified along with named files on the command line by
listing the filenames and specifying - for the standard input.
The files will be printed in the order in which they appear on
the command line. lp processes supplementary code set
characters according to the locale specified in the LC_CTYPE
environment variable [see LANG on environ(5)], except as noted
under the -t option below.
The LP print service associates a unique request-ID with each
request and displays it on the standard output. This
request-ID can be used later when canceling or changing a
request, or when determining its status. See the section on
cancel for details about canceling a request, and lpstat(1)
for information about checking the status of a print request.
The second form of lp is used to change the options for a
request submitted previously. The print request identified by
the request-ID is changed according to the print-options
specified with this command. The print-options available are
the same as those with the first form of the lp command. If
the request has finished printing, the change is rejected. If
the request is already printing, it will be stopped and
restarted from the beginning (unless the -P option has been
given).
If a print job fails because of level range restrictions, the
job will be canceled, and you will be notified by mail. In
that case, you will need to submit the job to a different
printer (one with the appropriate security level range). Ask
your system administrator for information on printer security
level ranges.
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For printers configured to use the B2 interface, unless you
use the -o nolabels option, all paginated output will have a
single line of security level information printed at the top
and bottom of each page of the output. (The security level
name is truncated if it is longer than one line.) In
addition, the banner and trailer pages for the print job will
contain complete security level information.
The cancel command allows users to cancel print requests
previously sent with the lp command. The first form of cancel
permits cancellation of requests based on their request-ID.
The second form of cancel permits cancellation of requests
based on the login-ID of their owner.
Sending a Print Request
The first form of the lp command is used to send a print
request either to a particular printer or to any printer
capable of meeting all requirements of the print request.
Options to lp must always precede filenames, but may be
specified in any order. The following options are available
for lp:
-c Make copies of the files to be printed immediately when
lp is invoked. Normally files will not be copied, but
will be linked whenever possible. If the -c option is
not specified, the user should be careful not to remove
any of the files before the request has been printed in
its entirety. It should also be noted that if the -c
option is not specified, any changes made to the named
files after the request is made but before it is
printed will be reflected in the printed output.
-d dest
Choose dest as the printer or class of printers that is
to do the printing. If dest is a printer, then the
request will be printed only on that specific printer.
If dest is a class of printers, then the request will
be printed on the first available printer that is a
member of the class. If dest is any, then the request
will be printed on any printer that can handle it.
Under certain conditions (unavailability of printers,
file space limitations, and so on) requests for
specific destinations may not be accepted [see
lpstat(1)]. By default, dest is taken from the
environment variable LPDEST. If LPDEST is not set, then
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dest is taken from the environment variable PRINTER.
If PRINTER is not set, a default destination (if one
exists) for the computer system is used. If no system
default is set and -T is used, dest will be selected on
the basis of content-type specified with the -T option
[see the description of -T]. Destination names vary
between systems [see lpstat(1)].
-f form-name [-d any]
Print the request on the form form-name. The LP print
service ensures that the form is mounted on the
printer. If form-name is requested with a printer
destination that cannot support the form, the request
is rejected. If form-name has not been defined for the
system, or if the user is not allowed to use the form,
the request is rejected. [see lpforms(1M)]. When the
-d any option is given, the request is printed on any
printer that has the requested form mounted and can
handle all other needs of the print request.
-H special-handling
Print the request according to the value of special-
handling. Acceptable values for special-handling are
defined below:
hold Don't print the request until notified. If
printing has already begun, stop it. Other
print requests will go ahead of a held request
until it is resumed. If the Auditing Utilities
are installed, the use of this option is an
auditable event.
resume Resume a held request. If it had been printing
when held, it will be the next request printed,
unless subsequently bumped by an immediate
request. If the Auditing Utilities are
installed, the use of this option is an
auditable event. The -i option (followed by a
request-ID) must be used whenever this argument
is specified.
immediate
(Available only to LP administrators)
Print the request next. If more than one
request is assigned immediate, the most recent
request will be printed first. If another
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request is currently printing, it must be put on
hold to allow this immediate request to print.
-L locale-name
Specify locale-name as the locale to use with this
print request. By default, locale-name is set to the
value of LC_CTYPE. If LC_CTYPE is not set, locale-name
defaults to the C locale.
-m Send mail [see mail(1)] after the files have been
printed. By default, mail is not sent upon normal
completion of the print request.
-n number
Print number copies of the output. The default is one
copy.
-o options
Specify printer-dependent options. Several such
options may be collected by specifying the -o keyletter
more than once (that is, -o option1 -o option2 . . . -o
optionn), or by specifying a list of options with one
-o keyletter enclosed in double quotes and separated by
spaces (that is, -o "option1 option2 . . . optionn").
nobanner
Do not print a banner page with this request.
The administrator can disallow this option at
any time. This option is not supported by
printers configured to use the B2 interface.
nofilebreak
Do not insert a form feed between the files
given, if submitting a job to print more than
one file. This option is not supported by
printers configured to use the PS (PostScript)
interface.
nolabels
Do not print security level information at the
top and bottom of each page of the output. If
the Auditing Utilities are installed, the use of
this option is an auditable event. This option
is not supported by printers configured to use
the standard or PS (PostScript) interface.
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length=scaled-decimal-number
Print this request with pages scaled-decimal-
number long. A scaled-decimal-number is an
optionally scaled decimal number that gives a
size in lines, characters, inches, or
centimeters, as appropriate. The scale is
indicated by appending the letter i for inches,
or the letter c for centimeters. For length or
width settings, an unscaled number indicates
lines or characters; for line pitch or character
pitch settings, an unscaled number indicates
lines per inch or characters per inch (the same
as a number scaled with i). For example,
length=66 indicates a page length of 66 lines,
length=11i indicates a page length of 11 inches,
and length=27.94c indicates a page length of
27.94 centimeters. This option may not be used
with the -f option and is not supported by the
PS (PostScript) or B2 interface.
width=scaled-decimal-number
Print this request with pages scaled-decimal-
number wide. (See the explanation of scaled-
decimal-numbers in the discussion of length,
above.) This option may not be used with the -f
option and is not supported by the PS
(PostScript) or B2 interface.
lpi=scaled-decimal-number
Print this request with the line pitch set to
scaled-decimal-number. (See the explanation of
scaled-decimal-numbers in the discussion of
length, above.) This option may not be used
with the -f option and is not supported by the
PS (PostScript) or B2 interface.
cpi=pica|elite|compressed
Print this request with the character pitch set
to pica (representing 10 characters per inch),
elite (representing 12 characters per inch), or
compressed (representing as many characters per
inch as a printer can handle). There is not a
standard number of characters per inch for all
printers; see the Terminfo database [terminfo]
for the default character pitch for your
printer. This option may not be used with the
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-f option and is not supported by the PS
(PostScript) or B2 interface.
stty=stty-option-list
A list of options valid for the stty command;
enclose the list with single quotes if it
contains blanks.
-P page-list
Print the pages specified in page-list. This option
can be used only if there is a filter available to
handle it; otherwise, the print request will be
rejected. The page-list may consist of ranges of
numbers, single page numbers, or a combination of both.
The pages will be printed in ascending order.
-q priority-level
Assign this request priority-level in the printing
queue. The values of priority-level range from 0
(highest priority) to 39 (lowest priority). If a
priority is not specified, the default for the print
service is used, as assigned by the system
administrator. A priority limit may be assigned to
individual users by the system administrator. If the
Auditing Utilities are installed, the use of this
option is an auditable event.
-r See ``-T content-type [-r]'' below.
-s Suppress the request id is . . . message.
-S character-set [-d any]
-S print-wheel [-d any]
Print this request using the specified character-set or
print-wheel. If a form was requested and it requires a
character set or print wheel other than the one
specified with the -S option, the request is rejected.
For printers that take print wheels: if the print wheel
specified is not one listed by the administrator as
acceptable for the printer specified in this request,
the request is rejected unless the print wheel is
already mounted on the printer.
For printers that use selectable or programmable
character sets: if the character-set specified is not
one defined in the Terminfo database for the printer
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[see terminfo], or is not an alias defined by the
administrator, the request is rejected.
When the -d any option is used, the request is printed
on any printer that has the print wheel mounted or any
printer that can select the character set, and that can
handle all other needs of the request.
-t title
Print title on the banner page of the output. The
default is no title. Enclose title in quotes if it
contains blanks. Supplementary code set characters
specified in title are not printed correctly [see
banner(1)].
-T content-type [-r]
Print the request on a printer that can support the
specified content-type. If no printer accepts this
type directly, a filter will be used to convert the
content into an acceptable type. If the -r option is
specified, a filter will not be used. If -r is
specified but no printer accepts the content-type
directly, the request is rejected. If the content-type
is not acceptable to any printer, either directly or
with a filter, the request is rejected.
In addition to ensuring that no filters will be used,
the -r option will force the equivalent of the -o
'stty=-opost' option.
-w Write a message on the user's terminal after the files
have been printed. If the user is not logged in, or if
the printer resides on a remote system, then mail will
be sent instead. Be aware that messages may be sent to
a window other than the one in which the command was
originally entered.
-y mode-list
Print this request according to the printing modes
listed in mode-list. The allowed values for mode-list
are locally defined. This option may be used only if
there is a filter available to handle it; otherwise,
the print request will be rejected.
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The following list describes the mode-list options:
"-y reverse"
Reverse the order in which pages are printed.
"-y landscape"
Change the orientation of a physical page from
portrait to landscape.
"-y x=number,y=number"
Change the default position of a logical page on
a physical page by moving the origin.
"-y group=number"
Group multiple logical pages on a single
physical page.
"-y magnify=number"
Change the logical size of each page in a
document.
"-o length=number"
Select the number of lines in each page of the
document.
"-P number"
Select, by page numbers, a subset of a document
to be printed.
"-n number"
Print multiple copies of a document.
Canceling a Print Request
The cancel command cancels requests for print jobs made with
the lp command. The first form allows a user to specify one
or more request-IDs of print jobs to be canceled.
Alternatively, the user can specify one or more printers, on
which only the currently printing job will be canceled if it
is the user's job.
The second form of cancel cancels all jobs for users specified
in login-IDs. In this form the printers option can be used to
restrict the printers on which the users' jobs will be
canceled. Note that in this form, when the printers option is
used, all jobs queued by the users for those printers will be
canceled. A printer class is not a valid argument.
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A user without special privileges can cancel only requests
that are associated with his or her own login ID; To cancel a
request, a user issues the following command:
cancel -u login-ID [printer]
This command cancels all print requests associated with the
login-ID of the user making the request, either on all
printers (by default) or on the printer specified.
Administrative users with the appropriate privileges can
cancel jobs submitted by any user by issuing the following
types of commands:
cancel -u "login-ID-list"
Cancels all requests (on all relevant printers) by the
specified users, including those jobs currently being
printed. Double quotes must be used around login-ID-list
if the list contains blanks. The argument login-ID-list
may include any or all of the following constructs:
login-ID a user on the local system
system-name!login-ID
a user on system system-name
system-name!all
all users on system system-name
all!login-ID a user on all systems
all all users on the local system
all!all all users on all systems
Note that a remote job can be canceled only if it
originated on the client system; that is, a server system
can cancel jobs that came from a client, and a client
system can cancel jobs it sent to a server.
cancel -u "login-ID-list" printer-1 printer-2 printer-n
Cancels all requests by the specified users for the
specified printers, including those jobs currently being
printed. (For a complete list of printers available on
your system, execute the lpstat -p command.)
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In any of these cases, the cancellation of a request that is
currently printing frees the printer to print the next
request.
If the Auditing Utilities are installed, the use of this
command is an auditable event.
Downloading Type 1 PostScript Fonts to PostScript Printers
The UnixWare Desktop has a feature allowing the installation
of Type 1 scalable outline fonts for use with applications.
These fonts may be downloaded to PostScript printers if the
application generates PostScript output that uses them.
Filtering of output does not automatically occur when the
printer accepts the content type of the request (specified by
the -T option) directly. For Postscript requests with content
type PS, downloading of fonts will not take place. Use
content type postscript or post if automatic font downloading
is required. The lp command can handle this automatically
using the filter named download. For more information, see
download(1).
FILES
/var/spool/lp/*
/usr/lib/locale/locale/LC_MESSAGES/uxlp
language-specific message file [see LANG on environ(5)].
REFERENCES
desktop(1), download(1), lpstat(1), mail(1), mkfontscale(1)
NOTICES
Printers for which requests are not being accepted will not be
considered when the destination is any. (Use the lpstat -a
command to see which printers are accepting requests.)
However, if a request is destined for a class of printers and
the class itself is accepting requests, then all printers in
the class will be considered, regardless of their acceptance
status.
For printers that take mountable print wheels or font
cartridges, if you do not specify a particular print wheel or
font with the -S option, whichever one happens to be mounted
at the time your request is printed will be used. The lpstat
-p printer -l command is used to see which print wheels are
available on a particular printer. The lpstat -S -l command
is used to see what print wheels are available and on which
printers. Without the -S option, the standard character set
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is used for printers that have selectable character sets.
If you experience problems with jobs that usually print but on
occasion do not print, check the physical connections between
the printer and your computer. If you are using an automatic
data switch or an A/B switch, try removing it and see if the
problem clears.
Earlier versions of the UNIXO system may issue warnings about
unrecognized options (such as the locale= or flist= options),
when processing print requests from remote systems running a
more recent version of the LP Print Server. The request will
be printed normally, however.
Administrators with appropriate privileges can suppress these
warnings by adding the following two lines to the section
annotated as ``adding simple options,'' in the printer
interface program used by the printer issuing the warnings.
locale=*) ;;
flist=*) ;;
(Printer interface programs are found in the /usr/lib/lp/model
directory.) An example of how to do this can be found in the
standard interface program.
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