HIER(7) GENIX Programmer's Manual HIER(7)
NAME
hier - file system hierarchy
DESCRIPTION
The following outline gives a quick tour through a representative
directory hierarchy.
/ root
/vmunix the kernel binary (UNIX itself)
/lost+found/ directory for connecting detached files for fsck(5)
/dev/ devices (4)
console main console, tty(4)
dc disks, dcu(4)
null null device, null(4)
pty* pseudo-terminals, ???(4)
rdc raw disks, dcu(4)
rtc raw tapes, tcu(4)
tc
tty* tapes, tcu(4) terminals, tty(4)
/bin/ essential utility programs, cf /usr/bin/ (1)
[ alternate name (link) for test(1), see sh(1)
cat cat(1)
csh C shell, csh(1)
mv mv(1)
wall wall(8)
...
/lib/ essential object libraries and other stuff, cf /usr/lib/
/etc/ essential data and maintenance utilities (8)
dump dump program dump(8)
passwd password file, passwd(5)
group group file, group(5)
motd message of the day, login(1)
termcap description of terminal capabilities, termcap(5)
ttytype table of what kind of terminal is on each port,
ttytype(5)
mtab mounted file table, mtab(5)
dumpdates dump history, dump(8)
fstab file system configurtion table fstab(5)
ttys properties of terminals, ttys(5)
getty part of login, getty(8)
init the parent of all processes, init(8)
rc shell program to bring the system up
cron the clock daemon, cron(8)
mount mount(8)
...
/tmp/ temporary files, usually on a fast device, cf /usr/tmp/
Ex* used by ex, vi(1)
e* used by ed(1)
ctm* used by cc(1)
...
/usr/ general-pupose directory, usually a mounted file system
Printed 11/16/83 1
HIER(7) GENIX Programmer's Manual HIER(7)
adm/ administrative information
wtmp login history, utmp(5)
messages hardware error messages troff(1)
lpacct line printer accounting lpr(1)
bin/ utility programs, to keep /bin/ small
as assembler
cc C compiler executive, cf /usr/lib/{ccom,cpp,c2}
sort sort program, sort(1)
...
tmp/ temporaries, to keep /tmp/ small
stm* used by sort(1)
dict/ word lists, etc.
words principal word list, used by look(1)
spellhist history file for spell(1)
games/
worms worm drawing program, worms(6)
lib/ library of stuff for the games
quiz.k/ what quiz(6) knows
index category index
africa countries and capitals
...
...
...
include/ standard #include files
a.out.h object file layout, a.out(5)
stdio.h standard I/O, stdio(3)
math.h (3M)
...
sys/ system-defined layouts, cf /usr/sys/h
lib/ object libraries and stuff, to keep /lib/ small
libc.a system calls, standard I/O, etc. (2,3,3S)
...
ccom C compiler proper
cpp C preprocessor
c2 C code improver
...
atrun scheduler for at(1)
lint/ utility files for lint
lint[12] subprocesses for lint(1)
llib-lc dummy declarations for /usr/lib/libc.a, used
by lint(1)
llib-lm dummy declarations for /usr/lib/libc.m
...
struct/ passes of struct(1)
...
tmac/ macros for nroff, troff(1)
tmac.an macros for man(7)
tmac.s macros for ms(7)
tmac.e macros for me(7)
...
me/ support files for /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.e
Printed 11/16/83 2
HIER(7) GENIX Programmer's Manual HIER(7)
acm.me support for tmac.e's .ac macro
revisions list of bug fixes
src/ sources for /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.e, with comments
font/ fonts for troff(1)
ftR Times Roman
ftB Times Bold
...
uucp/ programs and data for uucp(1)
L.sys remote system names and numbers
uucico the real copy program
...
units conversion tables for units(1)
eign list of English words to be ignored by ptx(1)
man/ volume 1 of this manual, man(1)
man0/ general
intro introduction to volume 1, ms(7) format
template.0 template for manual page
man1/ nroff source for chapter 1, man(7) format
as.1
...
...
cat1/ preformatted pages for section 1
as.1
...
...
msgs/ messages, cf msgs(1)
bounds highest and lowest message
new/ binaries of new versions of programs
preserve/ editor temporaries preserved here after
crashes/hangups
public/ binaries of user programs - write permission to
everyone
spool/ delayed execution files
at/ used by at(1)
lpd/ used by lpr(1)
lock present when line printer is active
cf* copy of file to be printed, if necessary
df* daemon control file, lpd(8)
tf* transient control file, while lpr is working
uucp/ work files and staging area for uucp(1)
LOGFILE summary log
LOG.* log file for one transaction
mail/ mailboxes for mail(1)
name mail file for user name
name.lock lock file while name is receiving mail
secretmail/ encrypted mail, like mail/
uucp/ work files and staging area for uucp(1)
LOGFILE summary log
LOG.* log file for one transaction
wd initial working directory of a user, typically wd is
the user's login name
Printed 11/16/83 3
HIER(7) GENIX Programmer's Manual HIER(7)
.profile set environment for sh(1), environ(5)
.project what you are doing, used by finger(1)
.cshrc startup file for csh(1)
.exrc startup file for ex(1), obsolete
.plan what your short-term plans are, used by
finger(1)
.msgsrc startup file for msgs(1)
.mailrc startup file for mail(1)
reminder user's datebook for remind(1)
doc/ papers, mostly in volume 2 of this manual, typically in
ms(7) format
as/ assembler manual
c C manual
...
src/ source files for utilities, kernel, etc. Not shipped
with basic system
cmd/ source of commands
ar.c source for ar(1)
...
troff/ source for nroff and troff(1)
font/ source for font tables, /usr/lib/font/
ftR.c Roman
...
term/ terminal characteristics tables,
/usr/lib/term/
tab300.c DASI 300
...
...
games/ source for /usr/games
libc/ source for functions in /usr/lib/libc.a
csu startup and wrapup routines needed with every C
program
crt0.s regular startup
mcrt0.s modified startup for cc -p
sys/ system calls (2)
access.s
alarm.s
...
stdio/ standard I/O functions (3S)
fgets.c
fopen.c
...
gen/ other functions in (3)
abs.c
...
local/ source which isn't normally distributed
new/ source for new versions of commands and library
routines
old/ source for old versions of commands and library
routines
sys/ system source
Printed 11/16/83 4
HIER(7) GENIX Programmer's Manual HIER(7)
h/ header (include) files
acct.h acct(5)
stat.h stat(2)
...
sys/ system source proper
main.c
pipe.c
sysent.c system entry points
ucb/ binaries of programs developed at UCB
...
edit editor for beginners
ex command editor for experienced users
...
mail mail reading/sending subsystem
man on line documentation
...
vi visual editor
nsc/ binaries of programs developed at NSC
pc EPascal compiler
SEE ALSO
ls(1), apropos(1), whatis(1), whereis(1), finger(1), which(1),
ncheck(8), find(1), grep(1)
BUGS
The position of files is subject to change without notice.
What about cross software file organization
Printed 11/16/83 5