MORE(1) GENIX Programmer's Manual MORE(1)
NAME
more, page - file perusal filter for crt viewing
SYNOPSIS
more [ -cdflsu ] [ -n ] [ +linenumber ] [ +/pattern ] [ name ... ]
page more options
DESCRIPTION
More is a filter which allows examination of a continuous text one
screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal. It normally pauses
after each screenful, printing --More-- at the bottom of the screen.
If the user then types a carriage return, one more line is
displayed. If the user hits a space, another screenful is
displayed. Other possibilites are enumerated later.
The command line options are:
-n An integer which is the size (in lines) of the window which
more will use instead of the default.
-c More will draw each page by beginning at the top of the screen
and erasing each line just before it draws on it. This avoids
scrolling the screen, making it easier to read while more is
writing. This option will be ignored if the terminal does not
have the ability to clear to the end of a line.
-d More will prompt the user with the message "Hit space to con-
tinue, Rubout to abort" at the end of each screenful. This is
useful if more is being used as a filter in some setting, such
as a class, where many users may be unsophisticated.
-f This causes more to count logical, rather than screen lines.
That is, long lines are not folded. This option is recommended
if nroff output is being piped through ul, since the latter may
generate escape sequences. These escape sequences contain
characters which would ordinarily occupy screen postions, but
which do not print when they are sent to the terminal as part
of an escape sequence. Thus more may think that lines are
longer than they actually are, and fold lines erroneously.
-l Do not treat ^L (form feed) specially. If this option is not
given, more will pause after any line that contains a ^L, as if
the end of a screenful had been reached. Also, if a file
begins with a form feed, the screen will be cleared before the
file is printed.
-s Squeeze multiple blank lines from the output, producing only
one blank line. Especially helpful when viewing nroff output,
this option maximizes the useful information present on the
screen.
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MORE(1) GENIX Programmer's Manual MORE(1)
-u Normally, more will handle underlining such as produced by
nroff in a manner appropriate to the particular terminal: if
the terminal can perform underlining or has a stand-out mode,
more will output appropriate escape sequences to enable under-
lining or stand-out mode for underlined information in the
source file. The -u option suppresses this processing.
+linenumber
Start up at linenumber.
+/pattern
Start up two lines before the line containing the regular
expression pattern.
If the program is invoked as page, then the screen is cleared before
each screenful is printed (but only if a full screenful is being
printed), and k - 1 rather than k - 2 lines are printed in each
screenful, where k is the number of lines the terminal can display.
More looks in the file /etc/termcap to determine terminal charac-
teristics, and to determine the default window size. On a terminal
capable of displaying 24 lines, the default window size is 22 lines.
More looks in the environment variable MORE to pre-set any flags
desired. For example, if you prefer to view files using the -c mode
of operation, the csh command setenv MORE -c or the sh command
sequence MORE='-c' ; export MORE would cause all invocations of more
, including invocations by programs such as man and msgs , to use
this mode. Normally, the user will place the command sequence which
sets up the MORE environment variable in the .cshrc or .profile
file.
If more is reading from a file, rather than a pipe, then a percen-
tage is displayed along with the --More-- prompt. This gives the
fraction of the file (in characters, not lines) that has been read
so far.
Other sequences which may be typed when more pauses, and their
effects, are as follows (i is an optional integer argument, default-
ing to 1) :
i<space>
display i more lines, (or another screenful if no argument is
given)
^D display 11 more lines (a ``scroll''). If i is given, then the
scroll size is set to i.
d same as ^D (control-D)
iz same as typing a space except that i, if present, becomes the
new window size.
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MORE(1) GENIX Programmer's Manual MORE(1)
is skip i lines and print a screenful of lines
if skip i screenfuls and print a screenful of lines
q or Q
Exit from more.
= Display the current line number.
v Start up the editor vi at the current line.
h Help command; give a description of all the more commands.
i/expr
search for the i-th occurrence of the regular expression expr.
If there are less than i occurrences of expr, and the input is
a file (rather than a pipe), then the position in the file
remains unchanged. Otherwise, a screenful is displayed, start-
ing two lines before the place where the expression was found.
The user's erase and kill characters may be used to edit the
regular expression. Erasing back past the first column cancels
the search command.
in search for the i-th occurrence of the last regular expression
entered.
' (single quote) Go to the point from which the last search
started. If no search has been performed in the current file,
this command goes back to the beginning of the file.
!command
invoke a shell with command. The characters `%' and `!' in
"command" are replaced with the current file name and the pre-
vious shell command respectively. If there is no current file
name, `%' is not expanded. The sequences "\%" and "\!" are
replaced by "%" and "!" respectively.
i:n skip to the i-th next file given in the command line (skips to
last file if n doesn't make sense)
i:p skip to the i-th previous file given in the command line. If
this command is given in the middle of printing out a file,
then more goes back to the beginning of the file. If i doesn't
make sense, more skips back to the first file. If more is not
reading from a file, the bell is rung and nothing else happens.
:f display the current file name and line number.
:q or :Q
exit from more (same as q or Q).
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MORE(1) GENIX Programmer's Manual MORE(1)
. (dot) repeat the previous command.
The commands take effect immediately, i.e., it is not necessary to
type a carriage return. Up to the time when the command character
itself is given, the user may hit the line kill character to cancel
the numerical argument being formed. In addition, the user may hit
the erase character to redisplay the --More--(xx%) message.
At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, the user can
hit the quit key (normally control-\). More will stop sending out-
put, and will display the usual --More-- prompt. The user may then
enter one of the above commands in the normal manner. Unfor-
tunately, some output is lost when this is done, due to the fact
that any characters waiting in the terminal's output queue are
flushed when the quit signal occurs.
The terminal is set to noecho mode by this program so that the out-
put can be continuous. What you type will thus not show on your
terminal, except for the / and ! commands.
If the standard output is not a teletype, then more acts just like
cat, except that a header is printed before each file (if there is
more than one).
A sample usage of more in previewing nroff output would be
nroff -ms +2 doc.n | more -s
AUTHOR
Eric Shienbrood, minor revisions by John Foderaro and Geoffrey Peck
FILES
/etc/termcap Terminal data base
/usr/lib/more.help Help file
SEE ALSO
csh(1), man(1), msgs(1), script(1), sh(1), environ(5)
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