NCDWM(1) USER COMMANDS NCDWM(1)
NAME
ncdwm - local X window manager for NCD Display Stations
DESCRIPTION
The NCDwm program is a window manager built into NCD Display
Stations and available on selected host platforms. It pro-
vides: OSF/Motif appearance and behavior, OSF/Motif and
OPEN LOOK private protocols, ICCCM-compliance, fast startup
time, low memory usage, click-to-type and pointer-driven
input models, window frames, non-rectangular windows, multi-
ple colormaps, and icons that stack along the edge of the
screen or can be put inside an icon box. It is typically
used in environments where host-based window managers are
not available or would cause too much of a load.
STARTING NCDWM
NCDwm may be started in several ways:
Setup After pressing the Setup key (or Alt+F3 on VT
keyboards), double click on the Window Manager
button in the Local Clients section of the main
menu.
rsh On most versions of the UNIX operating system,
the command ``rsh ncdname wm'' (rsh is some-
times called remsh on System V). Simply
replace ncdname with the name of NCD Display
Station. Note that this command returns
immediately rather than waiting for the window
manager to exit, so it must not be used as the
last client in your .xsession file.
LCEXEC or NCDLOCALWMEXE
On VMS, the local window manager will be
started automatically if the user has set the
Window Manager entry in the Session Manager's
Customize menu to the system logical name
NCDLOCALWMEXE. Alternatively, the window
manager can be started by hand using the com-
mand ``@NCD_ROOT:[BIN]LC_EXEC''.
remote configuration
The window manager may be started up whenever
the NCD Display Station boots or is reset by
adding the command 'wm' to the remote confi-
guration parameter exec-startup-commands.
Note, however, that remote configuration is not
available with XRemote.
ncdwm on selected host platforms
The window manager may be run as a normal X
program on NCD-supported host platforms.
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RESTARTING NCDWM
While NCDwm is running, it can be restarted in three ways
(typically to have new resources loaded with xrdb take
effect):
f.restartncdwm
if the ncdlauncher root menu manager is run-
ning, by selecting the f.restartncdwm action.
ncdrestartwm
by running the ncdrestartwm program. This is
typically done within .xinitremoterc startup
files (usually with the -resources option) when
using Xremote, NCD's serial line connection
protocol.
Ctrl+Alt+KeypadEnter
or, by pressing the Enter key on the keypad
while holding down the Ctrl and Alt keys. See
the description of the hotKeys resource for
information on disabling this feature.
STOPPING NCDWM
While NCDwm is running, it may be shut down in three ways:
Setup by pressing the Setup key (or Alt+F3 on VT key-
boards) and triple-clicking on the Window
Manager button in the Local Clients section of
the main menu.
f.killncdwm
if the ncdlauncher root menu manager is run-
ning, by selecting the f.killncdwm action.
Ctrl+Alt+KeypadDecimal
or, by pressing the Decimal (.) key on the
keypad while holding down the Ctrl and Alt
keys. See the description of the hotKeys
resource for information on disabling this
feature.
USING NCDWM
NCDwm is a workalike for the OSF/Motif(tm) window manager.
Most common operations are done through the pointer and its
buttons. Unless the xmodmap program has been used to change
the button bindings, Button1 refers to the left button, But-
ton2 refers to the middle button, and Button3 refers to the
right button. Clicking Button1 over a window with click-
to-type keyboard focus policy causes that window to be
raised and sent all key strokes until another window is
given focus.
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Windows typically have title bars containing the following
items:
Window Menu Button
Pressing and holding the rectangular button on
the left brings up a menu for manipulating the
window itself. The individual entries are
described below. Double-clicking on the button
will invoke the Close action, removing the win-
dow from the screen (often causing the applica-
tion to exit if this is its only window). To
abort the menu, click outside the menu and the
button or press the Escape key.
Title Button
The long button in the center of the title bar
contains the name of the window. Clicking this
button with Button1 raises the window above all
other windows. Clicking with Button3 lowers
the window (but keeps the focus in click-to-
type keyboard focus). Pressing and dragging
with Button1 will cause an outline of the win-
dow to appear and move until the button is
released. To abort a move, press the Escape
key.
Minimize Button
Clicking on the button with the small square
(second from the right) will replace the window
with a small version of the window called an
icon. Icons collect along the edge of the
screen or in a special window called an icon
box (see the useIconBox resource). Double-
clicking with Button1 on the icon will restore
the window.
Maximize Button
Clicking on the button with the large square
(on the right) will grow the window to the size
of the screen (or less if the client specified
a smaller maximum size). Dimensions that are
already larger than the screen will not be made
any larger. To restore the window to its regu-
lar size, click again on the button.
Windows are resized by pressing on one of the 8 sections of
the frame surrounding the window with Button1, dragging in
the desired direction, and then releasing the button. As
the edge is dragged, an outline of the window will show
where the edges of the window will be. To abort a resize,
press the Escape key. Clicking Button3 on a resize handle
will lower the window (without changing focus under click-
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to-type keyboard focus policy).
Pressing on the left-most button in the title bar (the one
with a picture of a horizontal stripe) or on an icon will
bring up a menu for manipulating the window. Keyboard
accelerators for the actions for each entry are shown on the
right side of the menu and may be used by holding down the
Alt key and pressing the indicated function key. The
entries are:
Restore (Alt+F5)
From a window, this changes the window back to
its previous size and location. From an icon,
this removes the icon and brings back the win-
dow. Icons may also be restored by clicking
Alt+Button2 over the icon.
Move (Alt+F7)
This starts a move operation as if the title
button or icon had been pressed and dragged.
Move the pointer to the desired location and
click. To abort, press the Escape key.
Size (Alt+F8)
From a window, this begins a resize operation
as if one of the resize handles along the edge
of the window had been dragged. Move the
pointer across the edge to be changed and click
to change the size. To abort, press the Escape
key. This action may not be selected from an
icon.
Minimize (Alt+F9)
From a window, this replaces the window with
its icon (usually called ``iconifying''). This
action may not be selected from an icon. This
may also be done by pressing Alt+Button2 over
the window.
Maximize (Alt+F10)
From a window, this grows the window to its
largest size (as described above). From an
icon, the window is restored and then grown.
Lower (Alt+F3)
This lowers the window or icon beneath other
windows and icons (without changing the focus
with click-to-type keyboard focus policy).
This is may also be done by clicking
Alt+Button3 on the window or icon.
Close (Alt+F4)
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This instructs the application that the
corresponding window should be removed. If the
application supports the WM_DELETE_WINDOW
client message, it will be used the first time
this window is closed. If the application does
not remove the window, immediately pressing
Close several more times will eventually force
the application's connection to the X server to
be severed.
Recolor (Alt+F12)
On a color display, this causes windows with
alternate colormaps (specified by the
WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS property) to cycle to the
next colormap. Whenever the window (or any
windows that have specified it as their group
leader and whose groupColormap resource is set
to ``true'') receives focus, this colormap will
be installed.
Pack Icons (Shift+Alt+F7)
This operation is only available from the icon
box. It shuffles the icons so that there are
no blank spaces, reducing the amount of space
necessary for the icon box.
Non-rectangular windows (such as oclock or xeyes) are not
given title bars. The keyboard equivalents described above
(particularly Alt+F7 for move and Alt+F8 for resize) must be
used instead.
NCDwm also provides several ``short cuts'' for common
actions. To raise a window or icon, click Alt+Button1 over
the window or icon. To lower a window or icon, click
Alt+Button3 over the window or icon. To iconify a window
click Alt+Button2 over the window.
ICONS
Windows that are temporarily unnecessary may be removed from
the screen (typically to make room for other windows) by
pressing the Minimize button in the title bar or by select-
ing the Minimize entry in the window title bar menu. This
replaces the window with a small substitute called an icon
that is moved, raised, and lowered like regular windows.
Icons collect along the edge of the screen or in a special
window called an icon box (see the useIconBox resource).
The icon box contains one icon for each window that may
appear on the screen. Icons for windows that are still
visible on the screen look flat while icons for windows that
have been removed from the screen are shadowed so that they
rise above the screen. If there is not enough room in the
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icon box for all of the icons, the scrollbars to the right
and below the icons can be used to make other icons visible.
To move an icon on the screen (or in the icon box if it is
being used), press Button1 on the icon, drag the flashing
outline to the desired location, and release the button. To
abort a move in the middle, press the Escape key. To see
the window menu in the icon, click Button1 on the icon
without moving it. After the menu appears, click Button1 on
the desired entry or outside the menu to abort.
Icons provide several additional short cuts beyond those
mentioned in the end of the previous section. To restore a
window from its icon, click Button2 on the icon. Icons that
are not located in the icon box can also be restored using
Alt+Button2 (pressing this on the icon box causes the icon
box itself to be iconified). To quickly deiconify an icon
(or iconify a window whose icon in the icon box looks flat),
click Button2 on the icon. To quickly see the icon menu,
press Button3 on the icon, drag it to the desired menu
entry, and release the button.
SPECIAL KEYS
When the Alt key (or other key specified by the modifier
resource) is held down, several function keys may be used to
manipulate the application window or icon that currently has
the keyboard focus (useful if the window has no titlebar):
Alt+F2 Raise. This raises the window to the top of the
stack of windows on the screen and is equivalent to
clicking Button1 on the titlebar or resize handles.
If this key is pressed when the mouse is over the
root instead of any windows or icons, the bottom-
most window is raised.
Alt+F3 Lower. This is equivalent to the Lower window menu
entry. If this key is pressed when the mouse is
over the root instead of any windows or icons, the
top-most window is lowered.
Alt+F4 Close. This is equivalent to the Close window menu
entry.
Alt+F5 Restore. This is equivalent to the Restore window
menu entry.
Alt+F7 Move. This is equivalent to the Move window menu
entry.
Shift+Alt+F7
Pack Icons. This special key is only used when the
window focus is on the icon box or its icon.
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Alt+F8 Size. This is equivalent to the Size window menu
entry.
Alt+F9 Minimize. This is equivalent to the Minimize window
menu entry.
Alt+F10 Maximize. This is equivalent to the Maximize window
menu entry.
Alt+F12 Recolor. This is equivalent to the Recolor window
menu entry.
Ctrl+Alt+KeypadDecimal
Exit. This stops the window manager. See the sec-
tion STOPPING NCDWM.
Ctrl+Alt+KeypadEnter
Restart. This restarts the window manager. See the
section RESTARTING NCDWM.
Alt+Tab Next window. When the focus policy is click-to-
type, this causes the next top-level frame or icon
to receive the input focus.
Alt+Shift+Tab
Previous window. When the focus policy is click-
to-type, this causes the previous top-level frame or
icon to receive the input focus.
POSITIONING WINDOWS
If the USPosition or PPosition flags are specified in the
WM_NORMAL_HINTS property on a window, NCDwm will leave the
window where it was placed by the application (adjusted for
the title bar). Otherwise, it is placed in one of several
positions in the upper left corner. In both cases, the
position is adjusted so that at least keepOnScreen pixels
(see below) of the window are visible on the screen.
X DEFAULTS
NCDwm understands the following resources, when attached to
the root window RESOURCE_MANAGER property (using the xrdb(1)
host utility, the initial-x-resources remote configuration
option, or the ncdrestartwm program). The instance of name
of the window manager is ncdwm and the class name is NCDwm.
String values are quoted in the description only to make
them visible; the quotation marks should not be included in
the resource value (also avoid any trailing spaces).
The following resources control the appearance and behavior
when switching keyboard focus between windows:
focusAutoRaise (class AutoRaise)
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This boolean specifies whether windows should
be raised as they receive the focus. This is
useful in the click-to-type style of input
focus, but can be distracting in the pointer-
driven style. The default is ``true'' for
click-to-type and ``false'' for pointer-driven.
keyboardFocusPolicy (class KeyboardFocusPolicy)
This string specifies the style of keyboard
input focus desired. If the value is ``click''
(without the quotation marks), all keystrokes
will be directed to the window last clicked
with the pointer. The value ``explicit'' is
the same as ``click'' except that new windows
do not steal the focus from existing windows.
If the value is ``pointer,'' input will be sent
to the window containing the pointer. The
default is ``click.''
autoRaiseDelay (class AutoRaiseDelay)
This specifies the amount of time (in mil-
liseconds) before a window actually gets the
input focus. This resource is only available
if focusAutoRaise is set to ``True'', and key-
boardFocusPolicy is set to ``pointer''.
startupKeyFocus (class StartupKeyFocus)
If keyboardFocusPolicy is set to ``explicit''
and startupKeyFocus is set to ``True'' then new
windows will automatically be given input focus
when they are mapped. The default is
``False''.
The following resources control other aspects of the appear-
ance and behavior:
loadMwmResources (class loadMwmResources)
This boolean specifies whether ncdwm should
load resources for the Motif Window Manager
(mwm) instead of the remaining ncdwm resources.
The default is ``False''. Only those mwm
resources which are also supported by ncdwm
will take effect.
background (class Background)
This string specifies the name or RGB value of
the color to be used as the background of win-
dow frames or icons that currently do not have
the keyboard focus. For best results, this
color should be a shade of gray. The default
is ``#cccccc'' and may only be overridden on
color displays.
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foreground (class Foreground)
This string specifies the name or RGB value of
the color to be used as the foreground of win-
dow frames or icons that currently do not have
the keyboard focus. For best results, this
color should contrast the color used for
''background''.
flashBorders (class Flash)
This boolean specifies whether frame borders
should change color on monochrome displays when
the window has focus. The default is ``true''
and may not be overridden on color displays.
highlightColor (class HightlightColor)
This string specifies the name or RGB value of
the color to be used as the background of the
window frame or icon that currently has the
keyboard focus. For best results, this color
should be a pastel that is neither too bright
in window frames nor too dark in menus or
icons. The default is a gentle green and may
only be overridden on color displays (the light
blue ``#69b9cd'' also looks very nice).
highlightWidth (class ShadowWidth)
This number specifies the width of the various
rectangles that highlight menu entries. If
zero is specified, a value slightly larger than
the shadow size is used. Otherwise, this
should be set to a small, positive number (such
as 2). The default is 0.
hotKeys (class HotKeys)
This boolean specifies whether or not the spe-
cial key sequences for stopping and restarting
the window manager should be allowed. The
default is ``true'' indicating that the hot
keys should be enabled.
keepOnScreen (class KeepOnScreen)
This number specifies the number of pixes in
the client window that should be kept on the
screen in each dimension. A negative value
indicates that the whole window should be kept
on the screen. The default is 10.
limitResize (class LimitResize)
This boolean specifies whether users should be
prevented from resizing a window to be larger
than the application-specified maximum size.
The default is ``true''.
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modifier (class Modifier)
This string specifies the modifier(s) that must
be held down to use the accelerator keys F2-F12
and to shut down the window manager. It may
contain any of the following strings (without
the quotation marks) or combinations of them
separated by a vertical bar (|): ``shift'' or
``s'' for the Shift key; ``lock'' or ``l'' for
the Lock key; ``control'', ``ctrl'', or ``c''
for the Control key, ``m1-m5'' for Mod1-Mod5,
``alt'' for the Alt key, or ``meta'' for the
Meta key. This is typically used on keyboards
in which the combination Alt+F3 is used to
bring up the Setup screens. The default is
``alt''.
moveOpaque (class MoveOpaque)
This boolean specifies whether or not move win-
dow operations should actually move the window
instead of just an outline. The default is
``false''.
moveThreshold (class MoveThreshold)
This number specifies the distance in pixels
that must be moved when dragging a window
(using the title bar or Move menu entry) before
the move rectangle appears. To drag an icon,
twice this number of pixels must be moved
before the move rectangle appears. Increasing
this number (to a maximum of 10) makes it
easier to click on things without accidentally
moving them. The default is 4.
resizeBorderWidth (class FrameBorderWidth)
This number specifies the default width for
frame borders that are wrapped around all win-
dows. Individual border widths may be speci-
fied using the NCDwm.windowname.borderWidth
subresource described below. The default is 9.
shadowWidth (class ShadowWidth)
This number specifies the width of the various
shadows used in buttons, menus, and icons. For
the best appearance, this should be a very
small number. The default is 1.
stippleTitles (class Stipple)
This boolean specifies whether window title
text should be drawn directly onto the title
window or if it should have a rectangle of the
background color drawn behind it. The default
for monochrome and grayscale displays is
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``false''; the default for color displays is
``true''.
The following resources control which fonts are used:
font (class Font)
This string specifies the name of the font to
use for the title bar. The default is ``-
adobe-helvetica-bold-r-normal--*-100-
*-*-p-*-iso8859-1''.
iconFont (class Font)
This string specifies the name of the font to
use for text displayed in icons. This is often
set to a small font to allow more characters to
be displayed. The default is to use the same
font that is shown in the title bar and menus.
menuFont (class Font)
This string specifies the name of the font to
use for menus. The default is ``-adobe-
helvetica-bold-r-normal--*-100-
*-*-p-*-iso8859-1''.
The following resources control icons:
useIconBox (class UseIconBox)
This boolean specifies whether or not icons
should be arranged in a special window called
an icon box. The default is ``off'' which
causes icons to stack along the edge of the
screen.
iconBoxGeometry (class IconBoxGeometry)
This geometry string specifies the location
(measured in pixels) and size (measured in
units of icons) of the icon box.
iconGridGeometry (class IconGridGeometry)
This geometry string specifies the number of
icons that are stacked on the root (that is,
when useIconBox is false). This can be useful
in restricting the number of icons that may
appear on the screen (and the area that they
take up). The default is to make the grid as
large as the screen.
iconPlacement (class IconPlacement)
This string must contain two strings from the
list ``left'', ``right'', ``top'', and ``bot-
tom'' separated by whitespace that specify the
way in which icons are stacked on the screen.
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The first string indicates the starting point
for primary direction in which icons are
stacked (for example, left = left-to-right).
The second string specifies the next direction
to use when the first is full. Two keywords
describing the same axis (for example, left and
right) should not be used together. The
default is ``left bottom'' for icons not in an
icon box and ``left top'' for icons in an icon
box.
iconImageMaximum (class IconImageMaximum)
This strings is of the form widthxheight and
specifies the number of pixels in client-
supplied icon bitmaps that should be displayed.
The default is ``50x50''.
packIcons (class PackIcons)
This boolean specifies whether a window's icon
should always try to pack itself tightly into
the grid when the window is iconified. Nor-
mally, the icon will be sent to its previous
position. The default is ``false''.
lowerOnIconify (class LowerOnIconify)
This boolean specifies whether icons should be
pushed below other windows whenever a window is
iconified. The default is ``false''.
stippleIcons (class Stipple)
This boolean specifies whether icon images
should be stippled onto the gray background or
not. If this option is set to false, then a
white background will be painted behind the
icon. The default is ``true''.
gridMoveIcons (class gridMoveIcons)
This boolean specifies whether icon outlines
that are being dragged on the screen should
keep to the grid location where they would end
up. If this option is set to true, icon out-
lines will appear in their proper places. Oth-
erwise, the outlines will move smoothly but
will ``jump'' to their final location. The
default is ``false'' to match OSF/Motif.
The following resources control how strictly NCDwm emulates
the mwm window manager:
fakeTransients (class MwmCompatibility)
This boolean specifies whether or not client
windows that have a WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property
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that is either 0 or the ID of the window itself
should be treated as transients. The default
is ``true''.
fillTitles (class MwmCompatibility)
This boolean specifies whether or not title
bars should have a patterned background when
they do not have the focus. Setting this to
``false'' makes NCDwm appear more like DECwin-
dows.
highlightDark (class MwmCompatibility)
This boolean specifies whether monochrome
displays should use a dark border for the win-
dow that currently has the keyboard focus (the
active window) instead of a light border. The
default is ``true''.
motifWmInfo (class MwmCompatibility)
This boolean specifies whether or not NCDwm
should put attach the _MOTIF_WM_INFO property
on the root window, indicating to OSF/Motif
applications that the window manager will obey
the OSF/Motif private protocols. The default
is ``true''.
loadMwmResources (class MwmCompatibility)
This boolean specifies whether or not NCDwm
should read resources specified for ``Mwm''.
The default is to process only resources speci-
fied for ``NCDwm''. Note that if this
resources is ``true'', other resources speci-
fied for ``NCDwm'' willl be ignored. The
default is ``false''.
The following resources control how strict NCDwm is about
following the Inter-Client Communications Conventions Manual
(ICCCM) guidelines:
focusLenience (class Lenience)
This boolean specifies whether all windows
receive focus in click-to-type mode. When a
window is first mapped, or when the currently-
focused window is iconified or closed, the win-
dow manager will set the focus to the most
recently focused window. If this option is set
to ``False,'' only those windows whose WM_HINTS
input field is set to ``True'' will be eligible
for this automatic focusing. Unfortunately,
many older applications (particularly DECwin-
dows) do not set the input hint properly. If
this option is set to True, the input will be
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ignored and all windows will be allowed to have
focus. The default is ``false.''
modalLenience (class Lenience)
This boolean specifies whether or not applica-
tion requests for Motif system or application
modal behavior (preventing other windows from
receiving focus when a modal window is mapped)
should be ignored. The default is ``false''.
propertyLenience (class Lenience)
This boolean specifies whether applications
should be allowed to set the type of
WM_PROTOCOLS property incorrectly. This is
useful for older applications that set the pro-
perty by hand instead of using the library rou-
tine XSetWMProtocols. If this option is set to
True, then the window manager will ignore the
invalid type. The default is ``true''.
reconfigureLenience (class Lenience)
This boolean specifies whether applications
that request changes in their window positions
should not be expected to account for the win-
dow decorations. Thus, asking for (x,y) will
keep the window at the same position. The
default is ``true''.
sizeLenience (class Lenience)
This boolean specifies whether applications
should be allowed to request window sizes that
don't correspond to the base size, increment
size, and aspect ratios specified in the
WM_NORMAL_HINTS property. This is useful for
older applications that accidentally set
invalid size hints properties (such as the R4
xterm from MIT). If this option is set to
True, application size requests are honored
even if they are incorrect. The default is
``true''.
transientLenience (class Lenience)
This boolean specifies whether transient win-
dows should be treated as independent windows
when their master window is iconified. The
default is ``false'', indicating that transient
windows should iconified along with their mas-
ters.
The following resources control miscellaneous features:
backingStore (class BackingStore)
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This boolean specifies whether BackingStore
should be requested for the window frame (to
avoid repainting when windows are exposed).
Since the window frame is always at least as
large as the client window, this can consume
large amounts of memory. The default is
``false''.
killSiblings (class KillSiblings)
This boolean controls whether or not a Close
window function that ends up using the X
KillClient request to forcibly terminate the
client (usually because it isn't listening to
WM_DELETE_WINDOW messages) should try to clean
up after other windows that belong to the same
client. This only works on servers that hand
out the same resource id mask to all clients
(this is not specified by the protocol and may
not be determined by an X application). The
default is ``true''.
menuDelay (class MenuDelay)
This number specifies the amount of time in
milliseconds (to a maximum of 1000) that the
window manager should wait before displaying
window or icon menus. This is useful for
preventing the menu from coming up when double
clicking. The default is 100.
xorValue (class XorValue)
This number specifies the pixel value to be
used when drawing rubberbanded lines. This is
used on color displays to set the bits that
should be toggled when drawing temporary lines
and is only necessary when the colors in the
upper parts of the colormap are hard to distin-
guish from backgrounds of windows on the
screen. In general, this option should be set
to a small number (such as 1 or 2) or the
default 0 (which indicates that all available
bits in a pixel should be toggled).
In addition, the following subresources may be set to con-
trol each client window frame (which has the instance and
class name specified in the WM_CLASS property on the client
window):
borderWidth (class BorderWidth)
This number specifies the size of the frame
border to be shown around the window. If -1 is
given, the border width specified by the actual
client window is used. A value of 0 will turn
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NCDWM(1) USER COMMANDS NCDWM(1)
off borders for this window. The default is to
use the width given by the frameBorderWidth
resource.
clientAutoPlace (class ClientAutoPlace)
This boolean specifies whether or not the win-
dow manager attempts to place windows that
haven't specified either a USSize or PSize in
their WMNORMALHINTS property at a nice loca-
tion on the screen. If set to ``False,'' then
the window is left wherever it is found. The
default is ``True''.
clientDecoration (class ClientDecoration)
This string contains a list of space-separated
keywords that add to or remove from (depending
on whether or not the keyword begins with a
hyphen) the set of decorations that appear
around a window. The keyword ``-all'' removes
all of the decorations. The keyword
``-border'' removes the border and resize han-
dles. The keyword ``-maximize'' removes the
maximize button in the titlebar. The keyword
``-minimize'' removes the minimize button in
the titlebar. The keyword ``-menu'' removes
the window menu button in the titlebar. The
keyword ``-resizeh'' removes the resize han-
dles. The keyword ``-title'' removes the all
of the buttons in the titlebar. Keywords that
do not begin with a hyphen add the associated
decorations. If the first keyword does not
begin with a hyphen (-), then the initial set
of decorations is empty (so that decorations
may be selectively added). Decorations only
appear if they have not been removed by either
this resource or by the client-specified
MOTIFWMHINTS property. The default is to
display all decorations. This resource over-
rides the older titlebar resource.
clientSizeHints (class ClientSizeHints)
This string contains a list of space-separated
keywords that add to or remove from (depending
on whether or not the keyword begins with a
hyphen) the set of client-specified
WMNORMALHINTS that are honored; this is typi-
cally used to work around client bugs. The
keyword ``-all'' causes all user-specified
hints to be ignored. The keyword ``-usposi-
tion'' causes the user-specified position to be
ignored. The keyword ``-ussize'' causes the
user-specified size to be ignored. The keyword
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``-pposition'' causes the program-specified
position to be ignored. The keyword ``-psize''
causes the program-specified size to be
ignored. The keyword ``-pminsize'' causes the
minimum size to be ignored. The keyword
``-pmaxsize'' causes the maximum size to be
ignored. The keyword ``-presizeinc'' causes
the resize increment to be ignored. The key-
word ``-paspect'' causes the aspect ratio to be
ignored. The keyword ``-pbasesize'' causes the
base size to be ignored. The keyword
``-pwingravity'' causes the window gravity to
be ignored. Keywords that do not begin with a
hyphen add the associated hints to the list
honored. If the first keyword does not begin
with a hyphen (-), then the initial set of
honored hints is empty so that hints may be
selectively added. Hints are only honored if
they have not been removed by this resource and
are specified by the client in the
WMNORMALHINTS property. The default is honor
all client-specified hints.
clientFunctions (class ClientFunctions)
This string contains a list of space-separated
keywords that add to or remove from (depending
on whether or not the keyword begins with a
hyphen) the set of functions that appear that
appear in the window menu and may be performed
on a window. The keyword ``-all'' disables all
of the functions. The keyword ``-close'' dis-
ables the close function. The keyword ``-max-
imize'' disables the maximize button and func-
tion. The keyword ``-minimize'' disables the
minimize button and function. The keyword
``-move'' disables the move function. The key-
word ``-resize'' disables the resize function.
Keywords that do not begin with a hyphen add
the associated function. If the first keyword
does not begin with a hyphen (-), then the ini-
tial set of functions is empty (so that func-
tions may be selectively added). Functions are
only available if they have not been removed by
either this resource or by the client-specified
MOTIFWMHINTS property. If a function has
been disabled, any corresponding decorations or
menu entries are also removed. The default is
to allow all functions. This resource over-
rides the older disableClose resource.
groupColormap (class GroupFunctions)
This boolean specifies whether or not this
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window should use its parent's current colormap
if the window does not have its own
WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS. Users of OpenWindows
environments may especially wish to set this to
``true''. The default is ``false''.
groupIconify (class GroupFunctions )
This boolean specifies whether or not this win-
dow should be iconified whenever its group
leader is iconified. Users of OpenWindows
environments may especially wish to set this to
``true''. The default is ``false''.
hideIcon (class HideIcon)
This boolean specifies whether the icon box
should hide icons for the window when it is not
iconified. This is typically used for windows
that are rarely iconified (e.g. clocks, mail-
boxes, etc.). The default value is ``false''.
maximumClientSize (class MaximumClientSize)
This string specifies the largest widthxheight
(in client-specified units) to which this win-
dow can be sized. By default, windows cannot
be made larger than the value specified in
their WMNORMALHINTS property, if given, else
the screen size.
transientDecoration (class TransientDecoration)
The value of this string is used for transient
windows instead of clientDecoration. The
default value is ``menu title resizeh''.
transientFunctions (class TransientFunctions)
The value of this string is used for transient
windows instead of clientFunctions. The
default value is ``-minimize -maximize''.
windowMenu (class WindowMenu)
The value of this string is used to specify the
menu to use in place of the default menu pro-
vided by NCDwm.
PRIVATE PROTOCOLS
The following private protocols are supported by by NCDwm:
MOTIFWMHINTS
This property is used by OSF/Motif applications to
limit which decorations are displayed on a window
(see the clientDecoration resource), which window
functions are allowed (see the clientFunctions
resource), and whether or not other interaction with
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NCDWM(1) USER COMMANDS NCDWM(1)
other windows should be prevented.
MOTIFWMINFO
This property is set on the root window by NCDwm to
inform OSF/Motif applications that a window manager
that supports the _MOTIF_WM_HINTS protocol is run-
ning.
NCDWMRUNNING
This property is set on the root window by NCDwm to
inform applications that this particular window
manager is running. It contains the ID of a window
created by NCDwm that may be tested to see if the
window manager is still running. In addition, the
window manager can be shut down by sending this win-
dow a WM_DELETE_WINDOW ClientMessage as described in
the ICCCM.
OLWINATTR, OLDECORADD, OLDECORDEL
These properties are used by OPEN LOOK applications
to control which decorations are displayed on a win-
dow.
EXAMPLES
The following X defaults are commonly used with NCDwm:
NCDwm.useIconBox: on
NCDwm.gridMoveIcons: on
NCDwm.font: -adobe-helvetica-bold-r-normal--*-120-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
NCDwm.iconFont: -adobe-helvetica-bold-r-normal--*-80-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
NCDwm.XClock.clientDecoration: -title -border
NCDwm.XBiff.clientDecoration: -title -border
NCDwm.XLogo.clientDecoration: -title
NCDwm*hideIcon: on
NCDwm.XTerm.hideIcon: off
NCDwm.NCDterm.hideIcon: off
NCDwm.xmh.hideIcon: off
To work around problems with older DECwindows not setting
the WM_HINTS input field, you can set the following
resource:
NCDwm.focusLenience: on
Also, the following resource is useful in DECwindows
environments on VMS 5.4 and below in that it prevents appli-
cations from accidentally being closed from the title bar
(which causes all DECterms to be closed):
NCDwm.DECW$TERMINAL.clientFunctions: -close
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In OpenWindows environments, the following resource makes
icons large enough to hold the standard sized application-
supplied icon windows and turn on the groupIconify and
groupColormap options:
NCDwm.IconImageMaximum: 64x64
NCDwm*GroupFunctions: on
In non-X environments, the following resource is useful for
preventing the local client terminal emulator windows (xtel-
net, xlat, and xserial) from being resized:
NCDwm.NCDterm.clientDecoration: -resizeh
Interesting active background colors include:
NCDwm.highlightColor: #00bdb2 (NCD logo green)
NCDwm.highlightColor: #69b9cd (light blue)
NCDwm.highlightColor: #c9b7e5 (mauve)
NCDwm.highlightColor: #f0ca89 (sandy brown)
REMOTE CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
NCDwm is affected by the following remote configuration
parameters:
exec-startup-commands
If exec-startup-commands had wm as one of its
commands, the window manager will be started
automatically whenever the NCD Display Station
is booted or reset.
xserver-initial-x-resources
The X resources described above may be set
using this parameter. This sets the root win-
dow RESOURCE_MANAGER property so that the
resources may be manipulated or overridden with
the xrdb(1) program.
Remote configuration is not available with XRemote.
ROOT MENUS
Because of the lack of session managers, many window
managers have historically provided user-definable popup
menus that can be used to start applications. Since NCDwm
runs inside the NCD Display Station rather than on the host,
it does not have built-in root menus. Instead, a host-side
program called ncdlauncher may be used to start programs.
CHANGES SINCE NCDWARE 2.4
The startupKeyFocus and autoRaiseDelay resources have been
added.
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NCDWM(1) USER COMMANDS NCDWM(1)
The following per-window resources have been added: maximum-
ClientSize, clientAutoPlace, clientSizeHints, and win-
dowMenu.
The Alt+Tab and Alt+Shift+Tab focus keys were added.
Support for directly reading Mwm resources was added via the
loadMwmResources resource.
FOOTNOTES
Multiscreen displays are not supported.
General keyboard traversal is not supported.
If the transientLenience resource is set to ``true'', then
the groupIconify resource is ignored; this will be fixed in
a future release.
The stippleTitles resource has been fixed to more closely
resemble other stippling resources. The old functionality
of this resource may be obtained by setting fillTitles to
``false''. Support for the OPEN LOOK _OL_WIN_ATTR,
_OL_DECOR_ADD, and _OL_DECOR_DEL
SEE ALSO
ncdlauncher(1), ncdlaunchd(1), ncdrestartwm, xrdb(1), X(1),
NCDware Advanced User's Manual for VMS Systems
COPYRIGHT AND TRADEMARKS
Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, Network Computing Devices, Inc.
All rights reserved. NCD Display Station is a trademark of
Network Computing Devices, Inc. OSF/Motif is a trademark of
the Open Software Foundation. DECwindows and VMS are trade-
marks of Digital Equipment Corporation. OPEN LOOK is a
trademark of AT&T. OpenWindows is a trademark of Sun
Microsystems. X Window System is a trademark of MIT.
AUTHOR
Jim Fulton, Network Computing Devices, Inc.
NCDware 3.1 21