NAME

backup − initiate or control a system backup session

SYNOPSIS

backup −i [−t table] [−o name] [−m user] [−ne] [−s | −v] [−c week:day | demand]

backup [−t table] [−o name] [−m user] [−ne] [−c week:day|demand]

backup −S | −R | −C [−u user | −A | −j jobid]

backup [-T] [-p| -w| -f "file1 [file2...]" | -U "user1 [user2...]"] [-d device]

backup -h

DESCRIPTION

Without options, the backup command performs all backup operations specified for the current day and week of the backup rotation in the backup register.  This set of backup operations is considered a single job and is assigned a backup job id which can be used to control the progress of the session.  As backup operations are processed, their status is tracked [See bkstatus(1M)].  As backup operations are completed, they are recorded in the backup history log. 

Using the last two sets of options causes backup to invoke the services of xbackup(1). 

backup may only be executed by a user with superuser privilege. 

A backup job can be controlled in three ways.  It can be canceled, suspended or resumed (after being suspended). 

Modes of Operator Intervention

Backup operations may require operator intervention to perform such tasks as inserting volumes into devices or confirming proper volume labels.  backup provides three modes of operator interaction. 

backup with no options assumes that an operator is present, but not at the terminal where the backup command was issued.  This mode sends a mail message to the operator.  The mail identifies the device requiring service and the volume required.  The operator reads the mail message, invokes the bkoper command, responds to the prompts, and the backup operation continues. 

backup −i establishes interactive mode, which assumes that an operator is present at the terminal where the backup command was issued.  In this mode, bkoper is automatically invoked at the terminal where the backup command was entered.  The operator responds to the prompts as they arrive. 

Register Validations

A number of backup service databases must be consistent before the backups listed in a backup register can be performed.  These consistencies can only be validated at the time backup is initiated.  If any of them fail, backup will terminate.  Invoking backup −ne performs the validation checks in addition to displaying the set of backup operations to be performed.  The validations are:

1.The backup method must be a default method or be an executable file in /bkup/method . 

2.The dependencies for an entry are all defined in the register.  Circular dependencies (eg., entry abc depends on entry def; entry def depends on entry abc) are allowed. 

3.The device group for a destination must be defined in the device group table, /dgroup.tab [See "Device Management" ).

Options

−c week:day|demand
Selects from the backup register only those backup operations for the specified week and day of the backup rotation, instead of the current day and week of the rotation. If demand is specified, selects only those backup operations scheduled to be performed on demand. 

−e This option displays an estimate of the number of volumes required to perform each backup operation. 

−i Selects interactive operation

−j jobid Controls only the backup job identified by jobid. jobid is a backup job id. 

−m user Sends mail to the named user when all backup operations for the backup job are complete. 

−n Displays the set of backup operations that would be performed but does not actually perform the backup operations.  The display is ordered according to the dependencies and priorities specified in the backup register. 

−o name Initiates backup operations only on the named originating object.  name is an item in the following form:
      oname|odevice

−s Displays a "." for each 100 (512-byte) blocks transferred to the destination device.  The dots are displayed while each backup operation is progressing. 

−t table Initiates backup operations described in the specified backup register instead of the default register, etc/bkup/bkreg.tab .  table is a backup register. 

−u user Controls backup jobs started by the named user instead of those started by the user invoking the command.  user is a valid login id. 

−v While each backup operation is progressing, display the name of each file or directory as soon as it has been transferred to the destination device. 

−A Controls backup jobs for all users instead of those started by the user invoking the command. 

−C Cancels backup jobs. 

−R Resumes suspended backup jobs. 

−S Suspends backup jobs. 

The following options will invoke the services of xbackup:

−d device Specifies the device to be used.  It defaults to /dev/rmt/ctape1. 

−f "files" Specifies the list of files to be backed up.  File names may contain shell meta-characters.  The argument must be enclosed in quotes if more than one file is in the list. 

-h Produces a history of backups.  Tells the user when the last complete and incremental/partial backups were done. 

-p Specifies a partial backup.  A complete backup must be done before an incremental backup is made.  The partial backup is always based on the date of the last backup whether complete or partial. 

−U "users"
Backs up a user’s home directory. All files in the user’s home directory will be backed up. At least one user must be specified, but there can be more. The argument must be enclosed in quotes if more than one user is specified. If the user name is "all", then all the user’s home directories will be backed up.

-w Performs a complete backup.  All files changed since the system was installed are backed up.  If an incremental/partial backup was done, all files modified since that time are backed up, otherwise all files modified since the last complete backup are backed up.  A complete backup must be done before a partial backup. 

-T Specifies that the device is a tape.  This option must be used with the -d option when the tape device is specified. 

DIAGNOSTICS

The exit codes for the backup command are the following:

0 = successful completion of the task
1 = one or more parameters to backup are invalid. 
2 = an error has occurred which caused backup to fail to
      complete all portions of its task. 

EXAMPLES

Example 1:

backup -i -v -c 2:1 -m admin3

initiates those backups scheduled for Monday of the second week in the rotation period instead of backups for the current day and week.  Performs the backup in interactive mode and displays on standard output the name of each file, directory, file system slice, or data slice as soon as it is transferred to the destination device.  When all backups are completed, sends mail notification to the user with login id admin3.  Example 2:

backup −o /usr

initiates only those backups from the usr file system that is mounted on the originating device /dev/rdsk/m328_c1d0s2 and is labeled usr.  Example 3:

backup −S

Suspends the backup jobs requested by the invoking user.  Example 4:

backup −R −j back-359

resumes the backup operations included in backup job id back-359. 

FILES

/etc/bkup/method/∗
/etc/bkup/bkreg.tab
/etc/device.tab
/etc/dgroup.tab
/usr/bin/.xbackup

SEE ALSO

bkhistory(1M), bkoper(1M), bkreg(1M), bkstatus(1M), xbackup(1)

  —  System Administration Utilities