mwm(1) mwm(1)
NAME
mwm - A Window Manager
SYNOPSIS
mwm [options]
DESCRIPTION
mwm is an X11 client that provides window management
functionality and some session management
functionality. It provides functions that facilitate
control (by the user and the programmer) of elements of
window states such as placement, size, icon/normal
display, input focus ownership, etc. It also provides
session management functions such as stopping a client.
OPTIONS
-display display
This option specifies the display to use; see
X(1).
-xrm resourcestring
This option specifies a resource string to use.
Appearance
The following sections describe the basic default
behaviors of windows, icons, the icon box, input focus,
and window stacking. The appearance and behavior of
the window manager can be altered by changing the
configuration of specific resources. Resources are
defined under the heading "X DEFAULTS."
Windows
Default mwm window frames have distinct components with
associated functions:
Title Area In addition to displaying the client's
title, the title area is used to move
the window. To move the window, place
the pointer over the title area, press
button 1 and drag the window to a new
location. A wire frame is moved
during the drag to indicate the new
location. When the button is
released, the window is moved to the
new location.
Title Bar The title bar includes the title area,
the minimize button, the maximize
button and the window menu button.
Minimize Button To turn the window back into its icon,
do a button 1 click on the minimize
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button (the frame box with a small
square in it).
Maximize Button To make the window fill the screen (or
enlarge to the largest size allowed by
the configuration files), do a button
1 click on the maximize button (the
frame box with a large square in it).
Window Menu Button
The window menu button is the frame
box with a horizontal bar in it. To
pop up the window menu, press button
1. While pressing, drag the pointer
on the menu to your selection, then
release the button when your selection
is highlighted. Alternately, you can
click button 1 to pop up the menu and
keep it posted; then position the
pointer and select.
Default Window Menu
Selection Accelerator Description
|
________________________|________________________________________
Restore Alt+F5 | Inactive (not an option for windows).
Move Alt+F7 | Allows the window to be moved with keys
| or mouse.
Size Alt+F8 | Allows the window to be resized.
Minimize Alt+F9 | Turns the window into an icon.
Maximize Alt+F10 | Makes the window fill the screen.
Lower Alt+F11 | Moves window to bottom of window stack.
Close Alt+F4 | Removes client from mwm management.
Resize Border Handles
To change the size of a window, move
the pointer over a resize border
handle (the cursor will change), press
button 1, and drag the window to a new
size. When the button is released,
the window is resized. While dragging
is being done, a rubber-band outline
is displayed to indicate the new
window size.
Matte An optional matte decoration can be
added between the client area and the
window frame. A matte is not actually
part of the window frame. There is no
functionality associated with a matte.
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Icons
Icons are small graphic representations of windows. A
window can be minimized (iconified) using the minimize
button on the window frame. Icons provide a way to
reduce clutter on the screen.
Pressing mouse button 1 when the pointer is over an
icon will cause the icon's window menu to pop up.
Releasing the button (press + release without moving
mouse = click) will cause the menu to stay posted. The
menu contains the following selections:
Icon Window Menu
Selection Accelerator Description
| |
__________|_____________|________________________________________
Restore | Alt+F5 | Opens the associated window.
Move | Alt+F7 | Allows the icon to be moved with keys.
Size | Alt+F8 | Inactive (not an option for icons).
Minimize | Alt+F9 | Inactive (not an option for icons).
Maximize | Alt+F10 | Opens the associated window and makes
| | it fill the screen.
Lower | Alt+F11 | Moves icon to bottom of icon stack.
Close | Alt+F4 | Removes client from mwm management.
Double-clicking button 1 on an icon normalizes the icon
into its associated window. Double-clicking button 1
on the icon box's icon opens the icon box and allows
access to the contained icons. (In general, double-
clicking a mouse button offers a quick way to have a
function performed. Another example is double-clicking
button 1 with the pointer on the window menu button.
This closes the window.)
Icon Box
When icons begin to clutter the screen, they can be
packed into an "icon box." (To use an icon box, mwm
must be started with the icon box configuration already
set.) The icon box is a window manager window that
holds client icons. Icons in the icon box can be
manipulated with the mouse. The following table
summarizes the behavior of this interface. Button
actions apply whenever the pointer is on any part of
the icon.
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Button Action | Description
|
Button 1 click | Selects the icon.
______________________|__________________________________________
Button 1 double click | Normalizes (opens) the associated window.
|
______________________|__________________________________________
Button 1 double click | Raises an already open window
| to the top of the stack.
______________________|__________________________________________
Button 1 drag | Moves the icon.
The window menu of the icon box differs from the window
menu of a client window: The "Close" selection is
replaced with the "PackIcons Alt+F12" selection. When
selected, PackIcons packs the icons in the box to
achieve neat rows with no empty slots.
Input Focus
mwm supports (by default) a keyboard input focus policy
of explicit selection. This means when a window is
selected to get keyboard input, it continues to get
keyboard input until the window is withdrawn from
window management, another window is explicitly
selected to get keyboard input, or the window is
iconified. There are numerous resources that control
the input focus. The client window with the keyboard
input focus has the active window appearance with a
visually distinctive window frame.
The following tables summarize the keyboard input focus
selection behavior:
Button Action Object Function Description
_________________________________________________________________
Button 1 press Window / window frame Keyboard focus selection
Button 1 press Icon Keyboard focus selection
Key Action Function Description
________________________________________________________________________
[Alt][Tab] Move input focus to next window in window stack.
[Alt][Shift][Tab] Move input focus to previous window in window stack.
Window stacking
The stacking order of windows may be changed as a
result of setting the keyboard input focus, iconifying
a window, or by doing a window manager window stacking
function.
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When a window is iconified, the window's icon is placed
on the bottom of the stack.
The following table summarizes the default window
stacking behavior of the window manager:
Key Action Function Description
______________________________________________________
[Alt][ESC] Put bottom window on top of stack.
[Alt][Shift][ESC] Put top window on bottom of stack.
A window can also be raised to the top when it gets the
keyboard input focus (e.g., by doing a button 1 press
on the window or by using [Alt][Tab]) if this auto-
raise feature is enabled with the focusAutoRaise
resource.
X DEFAULTS
mwm is configured from its resource database. This
database is built from the following sources. They are
listed in order of precedence, low to high:
app-defaults/Mwm
RESOURCE_MANAGER root window property or $HOME/.Xdefaults
XENVIRONMENT variable or $HOME/.Xdefaults-host
mwm command line options
Entries in the resource database may refer to other
resource files for specific types of resources. These
include files that contain bitmaps, fonts, and mwm
specific resources such as menus and behavior
specifications (i.e., button and key bindings).
Mwm is the resource class name of mwm and mwm is the
resource name used by mwm to look up resources. In the
following discussion of resource specification "Mwm"
and "mwm" can be used interchangeably.
mwm uses the following types of resources:
Component Appearance Resources:
These resources specify appearance attributes of window
manager user interface components. They can be applied
to the appearance of window manager menus, feedback
windows (e.g., the window reconfiguration feedback
window), client window frames, and icons.
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Specific Appearance and Behavior Resources:
These resources specify mwm appearance and behavior
(e.g., window management policies). They are not set
separately for different mwm user interface components.
Client Specific Resources:
These mwm resources can be set for a particular client
window or class of client windows. They specify
client-specific icon and client window frame appearance
and behavior.
Resource identifiers can be either a resource name
(e.g., foreground) or a resource class (e.g.,
Foreground). If the value of a resource is a filename
and if the filename is prefixed by "~/", then it is
relative to the path contained in the $HOME environment
variable (generally the user's home directory). This is
the only environment variable mwm uses directly
($XENVIRONMENT is used by the resource manager).
Component Appearance Resources
The syntax for specifying component appearance
resources that apply to window manager icons, menus,
and client window frames is
Mwm*resource_id
For example, Mwm*foreground is used to specify the
foreground color for mwm menus, icons, and client
window frames.
The syntax for specifying component appearance
resources that apply to a particular mwm component is
Mwm*[menu|icon|client|feedback]*resource_id
If menu is specified, the resource is applied only to
mwm menus; if icon is specified, the resource is
applied to icons; and if client is specified, the
resource is applied to client window frames. For
example, Mwm*icon*foreground is used to specify the
foreground color for mwm icons, Mwm*menu*foreground
specifies the foreground color for mwm menus, and
Mwm*client*foreground is used to specify the foreground
color for mwm client window frames.
The appearance of the title area of a client window
frame (including window management buttons) can be
separately configured. The syntax for configuring the
title area of a client window frame is:
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Mwm*client*title*resource_id
For example, Mwm*client*title*foreground specifies the
foreground color for the title area. Defaults for
title area resources are based on the values of the
corresponding client window frame resources.
The appearance of menus can be configured based on the
name of the menu. The syntax for specifying menu
appearance by name is:
Mwm*menu*menu_name*resource_id
For example, Mwm*menu*mymenu*foreground specifies the
foreground color for the menu named mymenu.
The following component appearance resources that apply
to all window manager parts can be specified:
Component Appearance Resources - All Window Manager Parts
Name Class Value Type Default
______________________________________________________________
background Background color varies*
backgroundPixmap BackgroundPixmap string** varies*
bottomShadowColor Foreground color varies*
bottomShadowPixmap BottomShadowPixmap string** varies*
fontList FontList string*** "fixed"
foreground Foreground color varies*
saveUnder SaveUnder T/F F
topShadowColor Background color varies*
topShadowPixmap TopShadowPixmap string** varies*
*The default is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen. **Pixmap image name. See XmInstallImage(3X).
***X11 R3 Font description.
background (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color.
Any legal X color may be specified. The
default value is chosen based on the visual
type of the screen.
backgroundPixmap (class BackgroundPixmap)
This resource specifies the background Pixmap
of the mwm decoration when the window is
inactive (does not have the keyboard focus).
The default value is chosen based on the visual
type of the screen.
bottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow
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color. This color is used for the lower and
right bevels of the window manager decoration.
Any legal X color may be specified. The
default value is chosen based on the visual
type of the screen.
bottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow
Pixmap. This Pixmap is used for the lower and
right bevels of the window manager decoration.
The default is chosen based on the visual type
of the screen.
fontList (class Font)
This resource specifies the font used in the
window manager decoration. The character
encoding of the font should match the character
encoding of the strings that are used. The
default is "fixed."
foreground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color.
The default is chosen based on the visual type
of the screen.
saveUnder (class SaveUnder)
This is used to indicate whether "save unders"
are used for mwm components. For this to have
any effect, save unders must be implemented by
the X server. If save unders are implemented,
the X server will save the contents of windows
obscured by windows that have the save under
attribute set. If the saveUnder resource is
True, mwm will set the save under attribute on
the window manager frame of any client that has
it set. If saveUnder is False, save unders
will not be used on any window manager frames.
The default value is False.
topShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color.
This color is used for the upper and left
bevels of the window manager decoration. The
default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
topShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap.
This Pixmap is used for the upper and left
bevels of the window manager decoration. The
default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
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The following component appearance resources that apply
to frame and icons can be specified:
Frame and Icon Components
Name Class Value Type Default
____________________________________________________________________
activeBackground Background color varies*
activeBackgroundPixmap BackgroundPixmap string** varies*
activeBottomShadowColor Foreground color varies*
activeBottomShadowPixmap BottomShadowPixmap string** varies*
activeForeground Foreground color varies*
activeTopShadowColor Background color varies*
activeTopShadowPixmap TopShadowPixmap string** varies*
*The default is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen. **See XmInstallImage(3X).
activeBackground (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color of
the mwm decoration when the window is active
(has the keyboard focus). The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
activeBackgroundPixmap (class ActiveBackgroundPixmap)
This resource specifies the background Pixmap
of the mwm decoration when the window is active
(has the keyboard focus). The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
activeBottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color
of the mwm decoration when the window is active
(has the keyboard focus). The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
activeBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow
Pixmap of the mwm decoration when the window is
active (has the keyboard focus). The default
is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen.
activeForeground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color of
the mwm decoration when the window is active
(has the keyboard focus). The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
activeTopShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color of
the mwm decoration when the window is active
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(has the keyboard focus). The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
activeTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap
of the mwm decoration when the window is active
(has the keyboard focus). The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
Specific Appearance And Behavior Resources
The syntax for specifying specific appearance and
behavior resources is
Mwm*resource_id
For example, Mwm*keyboardFocusPolicy specifies the
window manager policy for setting the keyboard focus to
a particular client window.
The following specific appearance and behavior
resources can be specified:
Specific Appearance and Behavior Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
___________________________________________________________________________________
autoKeyFocus AutoKeyFocus T/F T
autoRaiseDelay AutoRaiseDelay millisec 500
bitmapDirectory BitmapDirectory directory /usr/include/X11/bitmaps
buttonBindings ButtonBindings string NULL
cleanText CleanText T/F T
clientAutoPlace ClientAutoPlace T/F T
colormapFocusPolicy ColormapFocusPolicy string keyboard
configFile ConfigFile file .mwmrc
deiconifyKeyFocus DeiconifyKeyFocus T/F T
doubleClickTime DoubleClickTime millisec. 500
enforceKeyFocus EnforceKeyFocus T/F T
fadeNormalIcon FadeNormalIcon T/F F
frameBorderWidth FrameBorderWidth pixels 5
iconAutoPlace IconAutoPlace T/F T
iconBoxGeometry IconBoxGeometry string 6x1+0-0
iconBoxName IconBoxName string iconbox
iconBoxTitle IconBoxTitle string Icons
iconClick IconClick T/F T
iconDecoration IconDecoration string varies
iconImageMaximum IconImageMaximum wxh 50x50
iconImageMinimum IconImageMinimum wxh 32x32
iconPlacement IconPlacement string left bottom
iconPlacementMargin IconPlacementMargin pixels varies
interactivePlacement InteractivePlacement T/F F
keyBindings KeyBindings string system
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keyboardFocusPolicy KeyboardFocusPolicy string explicit
Specific Appearance and Behavior Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
______________________________________________________________________________
limitResize LimitResize T/F T
lowerOnIconify LowerOnIconify T/F T
maximumMaximumSize MaximumMaximumSize wxh (pixels) 2X screen w&h
moveThreshold MoveThreshold pixels 4
passButtons PassButtons T/F F
passSelectButton PassSelectButton T/F T
positionIsFrame PositionIsFrame T/F T
positionOnScreen PositionOnScreen T/F T
quitTimeout QuitTimeout millisec. 1000
resizeBorderWidth ResizeBorderWidth pixels 10
resizeCursors ResizeCursors T/F T
showFeedback ShowFeedback string all
startupKeyFocus StartupKeyFocus T/F T
transientDecoration TransientDecoration string system title
transientFunctions TransientFunctions string -minimize -maximize
useIconBox UseIconBox T/F F
wMenuButtonClick WMenuButtonClick T/F T
wMenuButtonClick2 WMenuButtonClick2 T/F T
autoKeyFocus (class AutoKeyFocus)
This resource is only available when the
keyboard input focus policy is explicit. If
autoKeyFocus is given a value of True, then
when a window with the keyboard input focus is
withdrawn from window management or is
iconified, the focus is set to the previous
window that had the focus. If the value given
is False, there is no automatic setting of the
keyboard input focus. The default value is
True.
autoRaiseDelay (class AutoRaiseDelay)
This resource is only available when the
focusAutoRaise resource is True and the
keyboard focus policy is pointer. The
autoRaiseDelay resource specifies the amount of
time (in milliseconds) that mwm will wait
before raising a window after it gets the
keyboard focus. The default value of this
resource is 500 (ms).
bitmapDirectory (class BitmapDirectory)
This resource identifies a directory to be
searched for bitmaps referenced by mwm
resources. This directory is searched if a
bitmap is specified without an absolute
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pathname. The default value for this resource
is "/usr/include/X11/bitmaps".
buttonBindings (class ButtonBindings)
This resource identifies the set of button
bindings for window management functions. The
named set of button bindings is specified in
the mwm resource description file. These
button bindings are merged with the built-in
default bindings. The default value for this
resource is NULL (i.e., no button bindings are
added to the built-in button bindings).
cleanText (classCleanText)
This resource controls the display of window
manager text in the client title and feedback
windows. If the default value of True is used,
the text is drawn with a clear (no stipple)
background. This makes text easier to read on
monochrome systems where a backgroundPixmap is
specified. Only the stippling in the area
immediately around the text is cleared. If
False, the text is drawn directly on top of the
existing background.
clientAutoPlace (class ClientAutoPlace)
This resource determines the position of a
window when the window has not been given a
user specified position. With a value of True,
windows are positioned with the top left
corners of the frames offset horizontally and
vertically. A value of False causes the
currently configured position of the window to
be used. In either case, mwm will attempt to
place the windows totally on-screen. The
default value is True.
colormapFocusPolicy (class ColormapFocusPolicy)
This resource indicates the colormap focus
policy that is to be used. If the resource
value is explicit then a colormap selection
action is done on a client window to set the
colormap focus to that window. If the value is
pointer then the client window containing the
pointer has the colormap focus. If the value
is keyboard then the client window that has the
keyboard input focus will have the colormap
focus. The default value for this resource is
keyboard.
configFile (class ConfigFile)
The resource value is the pathname for an mwm
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resource description file. The default is
.mwmrc in the user's home directory (based on
the $HOME environment variable) if this file
exists, otherwise
/usr/lib/X11/mwm/system.mwmrc.
deiconifyKeyFocus (class DeiconifyKeyFocus)
This resource only applies when the keyboard
input focus policy is explicit. If a value of
True is used, a window will receive the
keyboard input focus when it is normalized
(deiconified). True is the default value.
doubleClickTime (class DoubleClickTime)
This resource is used to set the maximum time
(in ms) between the clicks (button presses)
that make up a double-click. The default value
of this resource is 500 (ms).
enforceKeyFocus (class EnforceKeyFocus)
If this resource is given a value of True, then
the keyboard input focus is always explicitly
set to selected windows even if there is an
indication that they are "globally active"
input windows. (An example of a globally
active window is a scroll bar that can be
operated without setting the focus to that
client.) If the resource is False, the
keyboard input focus is not explicitly set to
globally active windows. The default value is
True.
fadeNormalIcon (class FadeNormalIcon)
If this resource is given a value of True, an
icon is grayed out whenever it has been
normalized (its window has been opened). The
default value is False.
frameBorderWidth (class FrameBorderWidth)
This resource specifies the width (in pixels)
of a client window frame border without resize
handles. The border width includes the 3-D
shadows. The default value is 5 pixels.
iconAutoPlace (class IconAutoPlace)
This resource indicates whether icons are
automatically placed on the screen by mwm, or
are placed by the user. Users may specify an
initial icon position and may move icons after
initial placement; however, mwm will adjust the
user-specified position to fit into an
invisible grid. When icons are automatically
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placed, mwm places them into the grid using a
scheme set with the iconPlacement resource. If
the iconAutoPlace resource has a value of True,
then mwm does automatic icon placement. A
value of False allows user placement. The
default value of this resource is True.
iconBoxGeometry (class IconBoxGeometry)
This resource indicates the initial position
and size of the icon box. The value of the
resource is a standard window geometry string
with the following syntax:
[=][widthxheight][{+-}xoffset{+-}yoffset]
If the offsets are not provided, the iconPlacement
policy is used to determine the initial placement. The
units for width and height are columns and rows.
The actual screen size of the icon box window will
depend on the iconImageMaximum (size) and
iconDecoration resources. The default value for size
is (6 * iconWidth + padding) wide by (1 * iconHeight +
padding) high. The default value of the location is +0
-0.
iconBoxName (class IconBoxName)
This resource specifies the name that is used
to look up icon box resources. The default
name is iconbox.
iconBoxTitle (class IconBoxTitle)
This resource specifies the name that is used
in the title area of the icon box frame. The
default value is Icons.
iconClick (class IconClick)
When this resource is given the value of True,
the system menu is posted and left posted when
an icon is clicked. The default value is True.
iconDecoration (class IconDecoration)
This resource specifies the general icon
decoration. The resource value is label"(only
the label part is displayed) or image (only the
image part is displayed) or label image (both
the label and image parts are displayed). A
value of activelabel can also be specified to
get a label (not truncated to the width of the
icon) when the icon is selected. The default
icon decoration for icon box icons is that each
icon has a label part and an image part (label
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image). The default icon decoration for
stand-alone icons is that each icon has an
active label part, a label part and an image
part (activelabel label image).
iconImageMaximum (class IconImageMaximum)
This resource specifies the maximum size of the
icon image. The resource value is widthxheight
(e.g., 64x64). The maximum supported size is
128x128. The default value of this resource is
50x50.
iconImageMinimum (class IconImageMinimum)
This resource specifies the minimum size of the
icon image. The resource value is widthxheight
(e.g., 32x50). The minimum supported size is
16x16. The default value of this resource is
32x32.
iconPlacement (class IconPlacement)
This resource specifies the icon placement
scheme to be used. The resource value has the
following syntax:
primary_layout secondary_layout
The layout values are one of the following:
top Lay the icons out top to bottom.
bottom Lay the icons out bottom to top.
left Lay the icons out left to right.
right Lay the icons out right to left.
A horizontal (vertical) layout value should not be
used for both the primary_layout and the
secondary_layout (e.g., don't use top for the
primary_layout and bottom for the
secondary_layout). The primary_layout indicates
whether, when an icon placement is done, the icon
is placed in a row or a column and the direction
of placement. The secondary_layout indicates
where to place new rows or columns. For example,
top right indicates that icons should be placed
top to bottom on the screen and that columns
should be added from right to left on the screen.
The default placement is left bottom (icons are
placed left to right on the screen, with the first
row on the bottom of the screen, and new rows
added from the bottom of the screen to the top of
the screen).
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iconPlacementMargin (class IconPlacementMargin)
This resource sets the distance between the
edge of the screen and the icons that are
placed along the edge of the screen. The value
should be greater than or equal to 0. A
default value (see below) is used if the value
specified is invalid. The default value for
this resource is equal to the space between
icons as they are placed on the screen (this
space is based on maximizing the number of
icons in each row and column).
interactivePlacement (class InteractivePlacement)
This resource controls the initial placement of
new windows on the screen. If the value is
True, then the pointer shape changes before a
new window is placed on the screen to indicate
to the user that a position should be selected
for the upper-left hand corner of the window.
If the value is False, then windows are placed
according to the initial window configuration
attributes. The default value of this resource
is False.
keyBindings (class KeyBindings)
This resource identifies the set of key
bindings for window management functions. If
specified these key bindings replace the
built-in default bindings. The named set of key
bindings is specified in mwm resource
description file. The default value for this
resource is the set of system-compatible key
bindings.
keyboardFocusPolicy (class KeyboardFocusPolicy)
If set to pointer, the keyboard focus policy is
to have the keyboard focus set to the client
window that contains the pointer (the pointer
could also be in the client window decoration
that mwm adds). If set to explicit, the policy
is to have the keyboard focus set to a client
window when the user presses button 1 with the
pointer on the client window or any part of the
associated mwm decoration. The default value
for this resource is explicit.
limitResize (class LimitResize)
If this resource is True, the user is not
allowed to resize a window to greater than the
maximum size. The default value for this
resource is True.
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lowerOnIconify (class LowerOnIconify)
If this resource is given the default value of
True, a window's icon appears on the bottom of
the window stack when the window is minimized
(iconified). A value of False places the icon
in the stacking order at the same place as its
associated window.
maximumMaximumSize (class MaximumMaximumSize)
This resource is used to limit the maximum size
of a client window as set by the user or
client. The resource value is widthxheight
(e.g., 1024x1024) where the width and height
are in pixels. The default value of this
resource is twice the screen width and height.
moveThreshold (class MoveThreshold)
This resource is used to control the
sensitivity of dragging operations that move
windows and icons. The value of this resource
is the number of pixels that the locator will
be moved with a button down before the move
operation is initiated. This is used to
prevent window/icon movement when a click or
double-click is done and there is unintentional
pointer movement with the button down. The
default value of this resource is 4 (pixels).
passButtons (class PassButtons)
This resource indicates whether or not button
press events are passed to clients after they
are used to do a window manager function in the
client context. If the resource value is
False, then the button press will not be passed
to the client. If the value is True, the
button press is passed to the client window.
The window manager function is done in either
case. The default value for this resource is
False.
passSelectButton (class PassSelectButton)
This resource indicates whether or not the
keyboard input focus selection button press (if
keyboardFocusPolicy is explicit) is passed on
to the client window or used to do a window
management action associated with the window
decorations. If the resource value is False
then the button press will not be used for any
operation other than selecting the window to be
the keyboard input focus; if the value is True,
the button press is passed to the client window
or used to do a window management operation, if
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
appropriate. The keyboard input focus
selection is done in either case. The default
value for this resource is True.
positionIsFrame (class PositionIsFrame)
This resource indicates how client window
position information (from the WM_NORMAL_HINTS
property and from configuration requests) is to
be interpreted. If the resource value is True
then the information is interpreted as the
position of the mwm client window frame. If
the value is False then it is interpreted as
being the position of the client area of the
window. The default value of this resource is
True.
positionOnScreen (class PositionOnScreen)
This resource is used to indicate that windows
should initially be placed (if possible) so
that they are not clipped by the edge of the
screen (if the resource value is True). If a
window is larger then the size of the screen
then at least the upper left corner of the
window will be on-screen. If the resource
value is False, then windows are placed in the
requested position even if totally off-screen.
The default value of this resource is True.
quitTimeout (class QuitTimeout)
This resource specifies the amount of time (in
milliseconds) that mwm will wait for a client
to update the WM_COMMAND property after mwm has
sent the WM_SAVE_YOURSELF message. This
protocol will only be used for those clients
that have a WM_SAVE_YOURSELF atom and no
WM_DELETE_WINDOW atom in the WM_PROTOCOLS
client window property. The default value of
this resource is 1000 (ms). (Refer to the
f.kill function for additional information.)
resizeBorderWidth (class ResizeBorderWidth)
This resource specifies the width (in pixels)
of a client window frame border with resize
handles. The specified border width includes
the 3-D shadows. The default is 10 (pixels).
resizeCursors (class ResizeCursors)
This is used to indicate whether the resize
cursors are always displayed when the pointer
is in the window size border. If True the
cursors are shown, otherwise the window manager
cursor is shown. The default value is True.
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
showFeedback (class ShowFeedback)
This resource controls when feedback
information is displayed. It controls both
window position and size feedback during move
or resize operations and initial client
placement. It also controls window manager
message and dialog boxes. The value for this
resource is a list of names of the feedback
options to be enabled; the names must be
separated by a space. The names of the
feedback options are shown below:
Name | Description
|
all | Show all feedback. (Default value.)
__________|_________________________________________________
behavior | Confirm behavior switch.
|
__________|_________________________________________________
move | Show position during move.
__________|_________________________________________________
none | Show no feedback.
|
__________|_________________________________________________
placement | Show position and size during initial placement.
__________|_________________________________________________
resize | Show size during resize.
|
__________|_________________________________________________
restart | Confirm mwm restart.
The following command line illustrates the syntax for
showFeedback:
Mwm*showFeedback: placement resize behavior restart
This resource specification provides feedback for
initial client placement and resize, and enables the
dialog boxes to confirm the restart and set behavior
functions. It disables feedback for the move function.
startupKeyFocus (class StartupKeyFocus)
This resource is only available when the
keyboard input focus policy is explicit. When
given the default value of True, a window gets
the keyboard input focus when the window is
mapped (i.e., initially managed by the window
manager).
transientDecoration (class TransientDecoration)
This controls the amount of decoration that Mwm
puts on transient windows. The decoration
specification is exactly the same as for the
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
clientDecoration (client specific) resource.
Transient windows are identified by the
WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property which is added by the
client to indicate a relatively temporary
window. The default value for this resource is
menu title (i.e., transient windows will have
resize borders and a titlebar with a window
menu button).
transientFunctions (class TransientFunctions)
This resource is used to indicate which window
management functions are applicable (or not
applicable) to transient windows. The function
specification is exactly the same as for the
clientFunctions (client specific) resource.
The default value for this resource is
-minimize -maximize.
useIconBox (class UseIconBox)
If this resource is given a value of True,
icons are placed in an icon box. When an icon
box is not used, the icons are placed on the
root window (default value).
wMenuButtonClick (class WMenuButtonClick)
This resource indicates whether a click of the
mouse when the pointer is over the window menu
button will post and leave posted the system
menu. If the value given this resource is
True, then the menu will remain posted. True
is the default value for this resource.
wMenuButtonClick2 (class WMenuButtonClick2)
When this resource is given the default value
of True, a double-click action on the window
menu button will do an f.kill function.
Client Specific Resources
The syntax for specifying client specific resources is
Mwm*client_name_or_class*resource_id
For example, Mwm*mterm*windowMenu is used to specify
the window menu to be used with mterm clients.
The syntax for specifying client specific resources for
all classes of clients is
Mwm*resource_id
Specific client specifications take precedence over the
specifications for all clients. For example,
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
Mwm*windowMenu is used to specify the window menu to be
used for all classes of clients that don't have a
window menu specified.
The syntax for specifying resource values for windows
that have an unknown name and class (i.e. the window
does not have a WM_CLASS property associated with it)
is
Mwm*defaults*resource_id
For example, Mwm*defaults*iconImage is used to specify
the icon image to be used for windows that have an
unknown name and class.
The following client specific resources can be
specified:
Client Specific Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
_________________________________________________________________________________________
clientDecoration ClientDecoration string all
clientFunctions ClientFunctions string all
focusAutoRaise FocusAutoRaise T/F T
iconImage IconImage pathname (image)
iconImageBackground Background color icon background
iconImageBottomShadowColor Foreground color icon bottom shadow
iconImageBottomShadowPixmap BottomShadowPixmap color icon bottom shadow pixmap
iconImageForeground Foreground color icon foreground
iconImageTopShadowColor Background color icon top shadow color
iconImageTopShadowPixmap TopShadowPixmap color icon top shadow pixmap
matteBackground Background color background
matteBottomShadowColor Foreground color bottom shadow color
matteBottomShadowPixmap BottomShadowPixmap color bottom shadow pixmap
matteForeground Foreground color foreground
matteTopShadowColor Background color top shadow color
matteTopShadowPixmap TopShadowPixmap color top shadow pixmap
matteWidth MatteWidth pixels 0
maximumClientSize MaximumClientSize wxh fill the screen
useClientIcon UseClientIcon T/F F
windowMenu WindowMenu string string
clientDecoration (class ClientDecoration)
This resource controls the amount of window
frame decoration. The resource is specified as
a list of decorations to specify their
inclusion in the frame. If a decoration is
preceded by a minus sign, then that decoration
is excluded from the frame. The sign of the
first item in the list determines the initial
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
amount of decoration. If the sign of the first
decoration is minus, then mwm assumes all
decorations are present and starts subtracting
from that set. If the sign of the first
decoration is plus (or not specified), then mwm
starts with no decoration and builds up a list
from the resource.
Name Description
___________________________________________________
all Include all decorations (default value).
border Window border.
maximize Maximize button (includes title bar).
minimize Minimize button (includes title bar).
none No decorations.
resizeh Border resize handles (includes border).
menu Window menu button (includes title bar).
title Title bar (includes border).
Examples:
Mwm*XClock.clientDecoration: -resizeh
-maximize
This removes the resize handles and maximize
button from XClock windows.
Mwm*XClock.clientDecoration: menu minimize
border
This does the same thing as above. Note that
either menu or minimize implies title.
clientFunctions (class ClientFunctions )
This resource is used to indicate which mwm
functions are applicable (or not applicable) to
the client window. The value for the resource
is a list of functions. If the first function
in the list has a minus sign in front of it,
then mwm starts with all functions and
subtracts from that set. If the first function
in the list has a plus sign in front of it,
then mwm starts with no functions and builds up
a list. Each function in the list must be
preceded by the appropriate plus or minus sign
and be separated from the next function by a
space.
The table below lists the functions available for this
resource:
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
Name | Description
|
all | Include all functions (default value)
_________|______________________________________
none | No functions
|
_________|______________________________________
resize | f.resize
_________|______________________________________
move | f.move
|
_________|______________________________________
minimize | f.minimize
_________|______________________________________
maximize | f.maximize
|
_________|______________________________________
close | f.kill
focusAutoRaise (class FocusAutoRaise)
When the value of this resource is True,
clients are made completely unobscured when
they get the keyboard input focus. If the
value is False, the stacking of windows on the
display is not changed when a window gets the
keyboard input focus. The default value is
True.
iconImage (class IconImage)
This resource can be used to specify an icon
image for a client (e.g.,
"Mwm*myclock*iconImage"). The resource value
is a pathname for a bitmap file. The value of
the (client specific) useClientIcon resource is
used to determine whether or not user supplied
icon images are used instead of client supplied
icon images. The default value is to display a
built-in window manager icon image.
iconImageBackground (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color of
the icon image that is displayed in the image
part of an icon. The default value of this
resource is the icon background color (i.e.,
specified by "Mwm*background or
Mwm*icon*background).
iconImageBottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color
of the icon image that is displayed in the
image part of an icon. The default value of
this resource is the icon bottom shadow color
(i.e., specified by
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
Mwm*icon*bottomShadowColor).
iconImageBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow
Pixmap of the icon image that is displayed in
the image part of an icon. The default value
of this resource is the icon bottom shadow
Pixmap (i.e., specified by
Mwm*icon*bottomShadowPixmap).
iconImageForeground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color of
the icon image that is displayed in the image
part of an icon. The default value of this
resource is the icon foreground color (i.e.,
specified by "Mwm*foreground or
Mwm*icon*foreground).
iconImageTopShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color of
the icon image that is displayed in the image
part of an icon. The default value of this
resource is the icon top shadow color (i.e.,
specified by Mwm*icon*topShadowColor).
iconImageTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap
of the icon image that is displayed in the
image part of an icon. The default value of
this resource is the icon top shadow Pixmap
(i.e., specified by Mwm*icon*topShadowPixmap).
matteBackground (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color of
the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The
default value of this resource is the client
background color (i.e., specified by
"Mwm*background or Mwm*client*background).
matteBottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color
of the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The
default value of this resource is the client
bottom shadow color (i.e., specified by
"Mwm*bottomShadowColor or
Mwm*client*bottomShadowColor).
matteBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow
Pixmap of the matte, when matteWidth is
positive. The default value of this resource
is the client bottom shadow Pixmap (i.e.,
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
specified by "Mwm*bottomShadowPixmap or
Mwm*client*bottomShadowPixmap).
matteForeground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color of
the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The
default value of this resource is the client
foreground color (i.e., specified by
"Mwm*foreground or Mwm*client*foreground).
matteTopShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color of
the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The
default value of this resource is the client
top shadow color (i.e., specified by
"Mwm*topShadowColor or
Mwm*client*topShadowColor).
matteTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap
of the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The
default value of this resource is the client
top shadow Pixmap (i.e., specified by
"Mwm*topShadowPixmap or
Mwm*client*topShadowPixmap).
matteWidth (class MatteWidth)
This resource specifies the width of the
optional matte. The default value is 0, which
effectively disables the matte.
maximumClientSize (class MaximumClientSize)
This is a size specification that indicates the
client size to be used when an application is
maximized. The resource value is specified as
widthxheight. The width and height are
interpreted in the units that the client uses
(e.g., for terminal emulators this is generally
characters). If this resource is not specified
then the maximum size from the WM_NORMAL_HINTS
property is used if set. Otherwise the default
value is the size where the client window with
window management borders fills the screen.
When the maximum client size is not determined
by the maximumClientSize resource, the
maximumMaximumSize resource value is used as a
constraint on the maximum size.
useClientIcon (class UseClientIcon)
If the value given for this resource is True,
then a client supplied icon image will take
precedence over a user supplied icon image.
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
The default value is False, making the user
supplied icon image have higher precedence than
the client supplied icon image.
windowMenu (class WindowMenu)
This resource indicates the name of the menu
pane that is posted when the window menu is
popped up (usually by pressing button 1 on the
window menu button on the client window frame).
Menu panes are specified in the mwm resource
description file file. Window menus can be
customized on a client class basis by
specifying resources of the form
Mwm*client_name_or_class*windowMenu (See "Mwm
Resource Description File Syntax"). The
default value of this resource is the name of
the built-in window menu specification.
RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FILE
The mwm resource description file is a supplementary
resource file that contains resource descriptions that
are referred to by entries in the defaults files
(.Xdefaults, app-defaults/Mwm). It contains
descriptions of resources that are to be used by mwm,
and that cannot be easily encoded in the defaults files
(a bitmap file is an analogous type of resource
description file). A particular mwm resource
description file can be selected using the configFile
resource.
The following types of resources can be described in
the mwm resource description file:
Buttons Window manager functions can be bound
(associated) with button events.
Keys Window manager functions can be bound
(associated) with key press events.
Menus Menu panes can be used for the window
menu and other menus posted with key
bindings and button bindings.
mwm Resource Description File Syntax
The mwm resource description file is a standard text
file that contains items of information separated by
blanks, tabs, and new lines characters. Blank lines
are ignored. Items or characters can be quoted to
avoid special interpretation (e.g., the comment
character can be quoted to prevent it from being
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
interpreted as the comment character). A quoted item
can be contained in double quotes ("). Single
characters can be quoted by preceding them by the
back-slash character (\). All text from an unquoted #
to the end of the line is regarded as a comment and is
not interpreted as part of a resource description. If
! is the first character in a line, the line is
regarded as a comment. Window manager functions can be
accessed with button and key bindings, and with window
manager menus. Functions are indicated as part of the
specifications for button and key binding sets, and
menu panes. The function specification has the
following syntax:
function = function_name [function_args]
function_name = window manager function
function_args = {quoted_item | unquoted_item}
The following functions are supported. If a function
is specified that isn't one of the supported functions
then it is interpreted by mwm as f.nop.
f.beep
This function causes a beep.
f.circledown [icon | window]
This function causes the window or icon that is on
the top of the window stack to be put on the
bottom of the window stack (so that it is no
longer obscuring any other window or icon). This
function affects only those windows and icons that
are obscuring other windows and icons, or that are
obscured by other windows and icons. Secondary
windows (i.e. transient windows) are restacked
with their associated primary window. Secondary
windows always stay on top of the associated
primary window and there can be no other primary
windows between the secondary windows and their
primary window. If an icon function argument is
specified, then the function applies only to
icons. If a window function argument is specified
then the function applies only to windows.
f.circleup [icon | window]
This function raises the window or icon on the
bottom of the window stack (so that it is not
obscured by any other windows). This function
affects only those windows and icons that are
obscuring other windows and icons, or that are
obscured by other windows and icons. Secondary
windows (i.e. transient windows) are restacked
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
with their associated primary window. If an icon
function argument is specified then the function
applies only to icons. If an window function
argument is specified then the function applies
only to windows.
f.exec or !
This function causes command to be executed (using
the value of the $SHELL environment variable if it
is set, otherwise /bin/sh). The ! notation can be
used in place of the f.exec function name.
f.focuscolor
This function sets the colormap focus to a client
window. If this function is done in a root
context, then the default colormap (setup by the X
Window System for the screen where mwm is running)
is installed and there is no specific client
window colormap focus. This function is treated
as f.nop if colormapFocusPolicy is not explicit.
f.focuskey
This function sets the keyboard input focus to a
client window or icon. This function is treated
as f.nop if keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit or
the function is executed in a root context.
f.kill
If the WM_DELETE_WINDOW protocol is set up, the
client is sent a client message event indicating
that the client window should be deleted. If the
WM_SAVE_YOURSELF protocol is set up and the
WM_DELETE_WINDOW protocol is not set up, the
client is sent a client message event indicating
that the client needs to prepare to be terminated.
If the client does not have the WM_DELETE_WINDOW
or WM_SAVE_YOURSELF protocol set up, this function
causes a client's X connection to be terminated
(usually resulting in termination of the client).
Refer to the description of the quitTimeout
resource and the WM_PROTOCOLS property.
f.lower [-client]
This function lowers a client window to the bottom
of the window stack (where it obscures no other
window). Secondary windows (i.e. transient
windows) are restacked with their associated
primary window. The client argument indicates the
name or class of a client to lower. If the client
argument is not specified then the context that
the function was invoked in indicates the window
or icon to lower.
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
f.maximize
This function causes a client window to be
displayed with its maximum size.
f.menu
This function associates a cascading (pull-right)
menu with a menu pane entry or a menu with a
button or key binding. The menu_name function
argument identifies the menu to be used.
f.minimize
This function causes a client window to be
minimized (iconified). When a window is minimized
when no icon box is used, its icon is placed on
the bottom of the window stack (such that it
obscures no other window). If an icon box is
used, then the client's icon changes to its
iconified form inside the icon box. Secondary
windows (i.e. transient windows) are minimized
with their associated primary window. There is
only one icon for a primary window and all its
secondary windows.
f.move
This function allows a client window to be
interactively moved.
f.nextcmap
This function installs the next colormap in the
list of colormaps for the window with the colormap
focus.
f.nextkey [icon | window | transient]
This function sets the keyboard input focus to the
next window/icon in the set of windows/icons
managed by the window manager (the ordering of
this set is based on the stacking of windows on
the screen). This function is treated as f.nop if
keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit. The keyboard
input focus is only moved to windows that do not
have an associated secondary window that is
application modal. If the transient argument is
specified, then transient (secondary) windows are
traversed (otherwise, if only window is specified,
traversal is done only to the last focused window
in a transient group). If an icon function
argument is specified, then the function applies
only to icons. If a window function argument is
specified, then the function applies only to
windows.
f.nop
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
This function does nothing.
f.normalize
This function causes a client window to be
displayed with its normal size. Secondary windows
(i.e. transient windows) are placed in their
normal state along with their associated primary
window.
f.packicons
This function is used to relayout icons (based on
the layout policy being used) on the root window
or in the icon box. In general this causes icons
to be "packed" into the icon grid.
f.passkeys
This function is used to enable/disable (toggle)
processing of key bindings for window manager
functions. When it disables key binding
processing all keys are passed on to the window
with the keyboard input focus and no window
manager functions are invoked. If the f.pass_keys
function is invoked with a key binding to disable
key binding processing the same key binding can be
used to enable key binding processing.
f.postwmenu
This function is used to post the window menu. If
a key is used to post the window menu and a window
menu button is present, the window menu is
automatically placed with its top-left corner at
the bottom-left corner of the window menu button
for the client window. If no window menu button
is present, the window menu is placed at the
top-left corner of the client window.
f.prevcmap
This function installs the previous colormap in
the list of colormaps for the window with the
colormap focus.
f.prevkey [icon | window | transient]
This function sets the keyboard input focus to the
previous window/icon in the set of windows/icons
managed by the window manager (the ordering of
this set is based on the stacking of windows on
the screen). This function is treated as f.nop if
keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit. The keyboard
input focus is only moved to windows that do not
have an associated secondary window that is
application modal. If the transient argument is
specified, then transient (secondary) windows are
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
traversed (otherwise, if only window is specified,
traversal is done only to the last focused window
in a transient group). If an icon function
argument is specified then the function applies
only to icons. If an window function argument is
specified then the function applies only to
windows.
f.quitmwm
This function terminates mwm (but NOT the X window
system).
f.raise [-client]
This function raises a client window to the top of
the window stack (where it is obscured by no other
window). Secondary windows (i.e. transient
windows) are restacked with their associated
primary window. The client argument indicates the
name or class of a client to raise. If the client
argument is not specified then the context that
the function was invoked in indicates the window
or icon to raise.
f.raiselower
This function raises a client window to the top of
the window stack if it is partially obscured by
another window, otherwise it lowers the window to
the bottom of the window stack. Secondary windows
(i.e. transient windows) are restacked with their
associated primary window.
f.refresh
This function causes all windows to be redrawn.
f.refreshwin
This function causes a client window to be
redrawn.
f.resize
This function allows a client window to be
interactively resized.
f.restart
This function causes mwm to be restarted
(effectively terminated and re-executed).
f.sendmsg message_number
This function sends a client message of the type
_MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES with the message_type indicated
by the message_number function argument. The
client message will only be sent if message_number
is included in the client's _MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
property. A menu item label is grayed out if the
menu item is used to do f.send_msg of a message
that is not included in the client's
_MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES property.
f.separator
This function causes a menu separator to be put in
the menu pane at the specified location (the label
is ignored).
f.setbehavior
This function causes the window manager to restart
with the default OSF behavior (if a custom
behavior is configured) or a custom behavior (if
an OSF default behavior is configured).
f.title
This function inserts a title in the menu pane at
the specified location.
Each function may be constrained as to which resource
types can specify the function (e.g., menu pane) and
also what context the function can be used in (e.g.,
the function is done to the selected client window).
Function contexts are
root No client window or icon has been
selected as an object for the function.
window A client window has been selected as an
object for the function. This includes
the window's title bar and frame. Some
functions are applied only when the
window is in its normalized state (e.g.,
f.maximize) or its maximized state
(e.g., f.normalize).
icon An icon has been selected as an object
for the function.
If a function is specified in a type of resource where
it is not supported or is invoked in a context that
does not apply then the function is treated as f.nop.
The following table indicates the resource types and
function contexts in which window manager functions
apply.
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
Function Contexts Resources
f.beep root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.circle_down root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.circle_up root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.exec root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.focus_color root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.focus_key root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.kill icon,window button,key,menu
f.lower root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.maximize icon,window(normal) button,key,menu
f.menu root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.minimize window button,key,menu
f.move icon,window button,key,menu
f.next_cmap root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.next_key root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.nop root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.normalize icon,window(maximized) button,key,menu
f.pack_icons root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.pass_keys root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.post_wmenu root,icon,window button,key
f.prev_cmap root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.prev_key root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.quit_mwm root button,key,menu
f.raise root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.raise_lower icon,window button,key,menu
f.refresh root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.refresh_win window button,key,menu
f.resize window button,key,menu
f.restart root button,key,menu
f.send_msg icon,window button,key,menu
f.separator root,icon,window menu
f.set_behavior root,icon,window button,key,menu
f.title root,icon,window menu
Window Manager Event Specification
Events are indicated as part of the specifications for
button and key binding sets, and menu panes.
Button events have the following syntax:
button = [modifier_list]<button_event_name>
modifier_list = modifier_name {modifier_name}
All modifiers specified are interpreted as being
exclusive (this means that only the specified modifiers
can be present when the button event occurs). The
following table indicates the values that can be used
for modifier_name. The [Alt] key is frequently labeled
[Extend] or [Meta]. Alt and Meta can be used
interchangeably in event specification.
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Modifier | Description
|
Ctrl | Control Key
Shift | Shift Key
Alt | Alt/Meta Key
Meta | Meta/Alt Key
Lock | Lock Key
Mod1 | Modifier1
Mod2 | Modifier2
Mod3 | Modifier3
Mod4 | Modifier4
Mod5 | Modifier5
The following table indicates the values that can be
used for button_event_name.
Button|Description
Btn1Down | Button 1 Press
Btn1Up | Button 1 Release
Btn1Click | Button 1 Press and Release
Btn1Click2 | Button 1 Double Click
Btn2Down | Button 2 Press
Btn2Up | Button 2 Release
Btn2Click | Button 2 Press and Release
Btn2Click2 | Button 2 Double Click
Btn3Down | Button 3 Press
Btn3Up | Button 3 Release
Btn3Click | Button 3 Press and Release
Btn3Click2 | Button 3 Double Click
Btn4Down | Button 4 Press
Btn4Up | Button 4 Release
Btn4Click | Button 4 Press and Release
Btn4Click2 | Button 4 Double Click
Btn5Down | Button 5 Press
Btn5Up | Button 5 Release
Btn5Click | Button 5 Press and Release
Btn5Click2 | Button 5 Double Click
Key events that are used by the window manager for menu
mnemonics and for binding to window manager functions
are single key presses; key releases are ignored. Key
events have the following syntax:
key = [modifier_list]<Key>key_name
modifier_list = modifier_name {modifier_name}
All modifiers specified are interpreted as being
exclusive (this means that only the specified modifiers
can be present when the key event occurs). Modifiers
for keys are the same as those that apply to buttons.
The key_name is an X11 keysym name. Keysym names can
be found in the keysymdef.h file (remove the XK_
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prefix).
Button Bindings
The buttonBindings resource value is the name of a set
of button bindings that are used to configure window
manager behavior. A window manager function can be
done when a button press occurs with the pointer over
a framed client window, an icon or the root window.
The context for indicating where the button press
applies is also the context for invoking the window
manager function when the button press is done
(significant for functions that are context sensitive).
The button binding syntax is
Buttons bindings_set_name
{
button context function
button context function
.
.
button context function
}
The syntax for the context specification is
context = object[|context]
object = root | icon | window | title | frame | border | app
The context specification indicates where the pointer
must be for the button binding to be effective. For
example, a context of window indicates that the pointer
must be over a client window or window management frame
for the button binding to be effective. The frame
context is for the window management frame around a
client window (including the border and titlebar), the
border context is for the border part of the window
management frame (not including the titlebar), the
title context is for the title area of the window
management frame, and the app context is for the
application window (not including the window management
frame).
If an f.nop function is specified for a button binding,
the button binding will not be done.
Key Bindings
The keyBindings resource value is the name of a set of
key bindings that are used to configure window manager
behavior. A window manager function can be done when a
particular key is pressed. The context in which the key
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binding applies is indicated in the key binding
specification. The valid contexts are the same as
those that apply to button bindings.
The key binding syntax is
Keys bindings_set_name
{
key context function
key context function
.
.
key context function
}
If an f.nop function is specified for a key binding,
the key binding will not be done. If an f.post_wmenu
or f.menu function is bound to a key, mwm will
automatically use the same key for removing the menu
from the screen after it has been popped up.
The context specification syntax is the same as for
button bindings. For key bindings, the frame, title,
border, and app contexts are equivalent to the window
context. The context for a key event is the window or
icon that has the keyboard input focus (root if no
window or icon has the keyboard input focus).
Menu Panes
Menus can be popped up using the f.post_wmenu and
f.menu window manager functions. The context for
window manager functions that are done from a menu is
root, icon or window depending on how the menu was
popped up. In the case of the window menu or menus
popped up with a key binding, the location of the
keyboard input focus indicates the context. For menus
popped up using a button binding, the context of the
button binding is the context of the menu.
The menu pane specification syntax is
Menu menu_name
{
label [mnemonic] [accelerator] function
label [mnemonic] [accelerator] function
.
.
label [mnemonic] [accelerator] function
}
Each line in the Menu specification identifies the
label for a menu item and the function to be done if
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the menu item is selected. Optionally a menu button
mnemonic and a menu button keyboard accelerator may be
specified. Mnemonics are functional only when the menu
is posted and keyboard traversal applies.
The label may be a string or a bitmap file. The label
specification has the following syntax:
label = text | bitmap_file
bitmap_file = @file_name
text = quoted_item | unquoted_item
The string encoding for labels must be compatible with
the menu font that is used. Labels are greyed out for
menu items that do the f.nop function or an invalid
function or a function that doesn't apply in the
current context.
A mnemonic specification has the following syntax
mnemonic = character
The first matching character in the label is
underlined. If there is no matching character in the
label, no mnemonic is registered with the window
manager for that label. Although the character must
exactly match a character in the label, the mnemonic
will not execute if any modifier (such as Shift) is
pressed with the character key.
The accelerator specification is a key event
specification with the same syntax as is used for key
bindings to window manager functions.
ENVIRONMENT
mwm uses the environment variable $HOME specifying the
user's home directory.
FILES
/usr/lib/X11/mwm/system.mwmrc
/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm
$HOME/.Xdefaults
$HOME/.mwmrc
ORIGIN
HP
RELATED INFORMATION
X(1)
VendorShell(3X)
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mwm(1) mwm(1)
XmInstallImage(3X)
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