ged
PURPOSE
Displays, makes, and edits graphical files on Tektronix
4010 terminals.
SYNOPSIS
ged [ [ -e ] [ -R ] ] [ -u -r [ num ] ] [ file ]
OL777037
OL777037
DESCRIPTION
The ged command is an interactive graphical editor used
to edit drawings on Tektronix 4010 series display termi-
nals. The drawings are a sequence of objects that
consist of lines, arcs, and text. With ged you can view
the objects at various magnifications and from various
locations. The drawings are stored in graphics primitive
string (GPS) files. If you specify - (minus) as the file
name, ged reads standard input into the edit buffer.
An arc or lines object has a start point (object-handle),
followed by zero or more points (point-handles). A text
object has only an object-handle. These objects are
positioned within a Cartesian plane (universe), having
64K (-32K to +32K) points (universe-units) on each axis.
The GPS universe is divided into 25 equal sized areas
called regions. These regions are arranged in five rows
of five squares each, numbered 1 to 25 from the lower
left of the universe to the upper right.
The ged command maps rectangular areas (windows) from the
universe onto the display screen. Windows let you view
pictures from different locations and at different magni-
fications. The universe-window is the window with
minimum magnification; that is, the window that views the
entire universe. The home-window is the window that com-
pletely displays the contents of the display buffer.
FLAGS
-e Does not erase the screen before the initial
display
-rnum Displays region number num.
-u Displays the entire GPS universe.
-R Invokes the restricted shell on use of ! (excla-
mation character).
SUBCOMMANDS
The ged subcommands are entered in stages. Typically
each stage ends with a <cr> (Return). Prior to the final
<cr>, you may cancel the subcommand by pressing INTERRUPT
(Alt-Pause). You can edit the input of a stage, during
the stage, by using the erase and kill characters of the
calling shell. The "*" (star) prompt indicates that ged
is waiting at stage 1.
Each subcommand consists of a subset of the following
stages:
1. Command line, whose format is the same as the format
of a shell command:
subcommand-name [-flags] [filename]
followed by pressing the Enter key. The subcommand-
name consists of the first character of the subcom-
mand. ged echoes the full command name and pauses
for the remainder of the command line. Flags are
indicated by a leading - (minus). To generate a list
of ged subcommands, enter: "?".
2. Text, a sequence of characters terminated by an unes-
caped Enter You can have a maximum of 120 lines of
text.
3. Points, a sequence of one or more screen locations
(maximum of 30), indicated either by the terminal
crosshairs or by name. The prompt for entering
points is the appearance of the crosshairs. When the
crosshairs are visible, typing:
sp (space) Enters the current location as a point.
The point is identified by a number.
$num Enters the previous point numbered num.
>x labels the last point entered with the
upper case letter x.
$x Enters the point labeled x.
. Establishes the previous points as the
current points. At the start of a
command, the previous points are those
locations given with the previous
command.
= Echoes the current points.
$.num Enters the point.
# Erases the last point entered.
@ Erases all of the points entered.
4. Pivot, a single location entered by pressing the
Enter key or by using the $ operator and indicated
with a "*" (star).
5. Destination, a single location entered by pressing
the Enter key or by using $ (dollar sign).
Subcommand Summary
In the following lists, characters printed in bold are to
be entered literally. Subcommand stages are printed in
bold italics. Arguments surrounded by [] (brackets) are
optional. Parentheses surrounding arguments separated by
"or" indicate that you must specify exactly one of the
arguments.
Construct Subcommands
Arc [-echo,style,weight] points
Box [-echo,style,weight] text
Circle [-echo,style,weight] point
Hardware [-echo] text points
Lines [-echo,style,weight] points
Text [-angle,echo,height,
mid-point,right-point,text, weight] text points
Edit Subcommands
Delete (-(universe or view) or points)
Edit [-angle,echo,height,style,weight] (-(universe
or view) or points)
Kopy [-echo,points,x] points pivot destination
Move [-echo,points,x] points pivot destination
Rotate [-angle,echo,kopy,x] points pivot destination
Scale [-echo,factor,kopy,x] points pivot destination
View Subcommands
coordinates points
erase
new-display
object-handles (-(universe or view) or points)
point-handles (-(labelled-points or universe or view)
or points)
view (-(home or universe or region) or [-x]
pivot destination)
x [-view] points
zoom [-out] points
Other Subcommands
quit or Quit
read [-angle,echo,height, mid-point,right-point,text,
weight] file-name[destination]
set [-angle,echo,factor, height,kopy,mid-point,points,
right-point,style,text, weight,x]
write file-name
!command
?
Options
Options specify parameters used to construct, edit, and
view graphical objects. If a parameter used by a subcom-
mand is not specified as an option, the default value for
the parameter will be used (see set following). The
format of subcommand options is:
-option[,option]
where option is keyletter[value]. Flags take on the
values of true or false indicated by + and - respec-
tively. If no value is given with a flag, true is
assumed.
OBJECT OPTIONS
anglen Specifies an angle of n degrees.
echo When true, changes made to the display
buffer are echoed to the screen.
factorn Specifies a scale factor is n percent.
heightn Sets the height of text to n universe-units
(0 <n<1280).
kopy When true, copies rather than moves.
mid-point When true, uses the mid-point of a text
string to locate string.
points When true, operates on points; otherwise
operates on objects.
right-point When true, uses the rightmost point of the
text string to locate string.
styletype Sets the line style to one of following
types:
so solid
da dashed
dd dot-dashed
do dotted
ld long-dashed.
text When false, outlines rather than draws text
strings.
weighttype Sets line weight to one of following types:
n narrow
m medium
b bold.
AREA OPTIONS
home References the home-window.
out Reduces magnification during zoom.
regionn References the region n.
universe References the universe-window.
view References those objects currently in view.
x Indicates the center of the referenced area.
Subcommand Descriptions
CONSTRUCT SUBCOMMANDS
Arc
Lines Behave similarly. Each consists of a command
line followed by points. The first point
entered is the object-handle. Successive
points are point-handles. Lines connects the
handles in numerical order. Arc fits a curve
to the handles (currently a maximum of 3 points
will be fit with a circular arc; splines will
be added in a later version).
Box
Circle Special cases of Lines and Arc, respectively.
Box generates a rectangle with sides parallel
to the universe axes. A diagonal of the rec-
tangle would connect the first point entered
with the last point. The first point is the
object-handle. Point-handles are created at
each of the vertices. Circle generates a cir-
cular arc centered about the point numbered
zero and passing through the last point. The
circle's object-handle coincides with the last
point. A point-handle is generated 180 degrees
around the circle from the object-handle.
Text
Hardware Generate text objects. Each consists of a
command line, text and points Text is a
sequence of characters delimited by <cr>. Mul-
tiple lines of text may be entered by preceding
a cr with a \ (backslash). The Text subcommand
creates software generated characters. Each
line of software text is treated as a separate
text object. The first point entered is the
object-handle for the first line of text. The
Hardware command sends the characters in text,
uninterpreted, to the terminal.
EDIT SUBCOMMANDS: Edit subcommands operate on portions
of the display buffer called defined-areas. A defined-
area is referenced either with an area option or interac-
tively. If an area option is not given, the perimeter of
the defined-area is indicated by points. If no point is
entered, a small defined-area is built around the
location of the <cr>. This is useful to reference a
single point. If only one point is entered, the location
of the <cr> is taken in conjunction with the point to
indicate a diagonal of a rectangle. A defined-area ref-
erenced by points will be outlined with dotted lines.
Delete Removes all objects whose object-handle lies
within a defined-area. The universe option
removes all objects and erases the screen.
Edit Modifies the parameters of the objects within a
defined-area. Parameters that can be edited are:
angle Specifies the angle of text
height Specifies the height of text
style Specifies the style of lines and arc
weight Specifies the weight of lines, arc, and
text
Kopy
Move Copies (or moves) object- and/or point-handles
within a defined-area by the displacement from
the pivot to the destination.
Rotate Rotates objects within a defined-area around the
pivot. If the kcopy flag is true then the
objects are copied rather than moved.
Scale For object whose object-handles are within a
defined-area, point displacements from the pivot
are scaled by factor percent. If the kopy flag
is true then the objects are copied rather than
moved.
VIEW SUBCOMMANDS
coordinates Displays the location of point(s) in uni-
verse- and screen-units.
erase Clears the screen (but not the display
buffer).
new-display Erases the screen then displays the
display buffer.
object-handles
point-handles Labels object- (and/or point-handles)
that lie within the defined-area with O
(or P). point-handles identifies labeled
points when the labeled-points flag is
true.
view Moves the window so that the universe
point corresponding to the pivot coin-
cides with the screen point corresponding
to the destination. Options for home,
universe, and region display particular
windows in the universe.
x Indicates the center of a defined-area.
Option view indicates the center of the
screen.
zoom Decreases (zoom out) or increases the
magnification of the viewing window based
on the defined-area. For increased mag-
nification, the window is set to circum-
scribe the defined-area. For a decrease
in magnification the current window is
inscribed within the defined-area.
OTHER SUBCOMMANDS
quit
Quit Exit from ged. quit responds with ? if the
display buffer has not been written since the last
modification.
read Inputs the contents of a file. If the file con-
tains a GPS object, it is read directly. If the
file contains text it is converted into text
object(s). The first line of a text file begins
at destination.
set When given option(s) resets default parameters,
otherwise it prints current default values.
write Outputs the contents of the display buffer to a
file.
! Escapes ged to execute a AIX Operating System
command.
? Lists ged subcommands.
RELATED INFORMATION
The following commands: "gdev," "graphics," and "sh."
The GPS file in AIX Operating System Technical Reference.