NAME

od, xd − octal and hexadecimal dump

SYNOPSIS

od [ −bcdosx ] [ file ] [ [ + ][ 0x ]offset[ . ][ b ] ]
xd [ −bcdosx ] [ file ] [ [ + ][ 0x ]offset[ . ][ b ] ]

DESCRIPTION

Od (xd) dumps file in one or more formats as selected by the first argument.  If the first argument is missing, −o (−x) is the default.  An offset field is inserted at the beginning of each line.  For od, the offset is in octal, for xd the offset is in hexadecimal. 

Options

The meanings of the format options are:

−b Interpret bytes in octal (hexadecimal). 

−c Interpret bytes in ASCII.  Certain non-graphic characters appear as C escapes: null=\0, backspace=\b, form-feed=\f, new-line=\n, return=\r, tab=\t; others appear as 3-digit octal numbers. 

−d Interpret 16-bit words in decimal. 

−o Interpret 16-bit words in octal. 

−s Interpret 16-bit words in signed decimal. 

−x Interpret 16-bit words in hexadecimal. 

The file argument specifies which file is to be dumped.  If no file argument is specified, the standard input is used. 

The offset argument specifies the offset in the file where dumping is to commence, and is normally interpreted as octal bytes.  Interpretation can be altered as follows:

offset must be preceded by + if the file argument is omitted. 

offset preceded by 0x is interpreted in hexadecimal. 

offset followed by . is interpreted in decimal. 

offset followed by b is interpreted in blocks of 512 bytes. 

Dumping continues until end-of-file. 

SEE ALSO

adb(1). 

INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT

od:  8- and 16-bit data, 8-bit filenames, messages. 

Hewlett-Packard Company  —  May 11, 2021