shadow(4)                                                         shadow(4)

NAME
     shadow - shadow password file

DESCRIPTION
     /etc/shadow is an access-restricted ASCII system file. The fields for
     each user entry are separated by colons. Each user is separated from
     the next by a new line. Unlike the /etc/passwd file, /etc/shadow does
     not have general read permission.

     Here are the fields in /etc/shadow:

     username       The user's login name (ID).

     password       A 13-character encrypted password for the user, a lock
                    string to indicate that the login is not accessible, or
                    no string to show that there is no password for the
                    login.

     lastchanged    The number of days between January 1, 1970, and the
                    date that the password was last modified.

     minimum        The minimum number of days required between password
                    changes.

     maximum        The maximum number of days the password is valid. If
                    maximum is set to 0, the user is forced to change the
                    password at the next login (attention: this can only be
                    carried out once within a 24-hour period).

     warn           The number of days before password expires that the
                    user is warned.

     inactive       The number of days of inactivity allowed for that user.

     expire         An absolute date specifying when the login may no
                    longer be used.

     flag           Reserved for future use, set to zero. Currently not
                    used.

     The encrypted password consists of 13 characters chosen from a 64-
     character alphabet (., /, 0-9, A-Z, a-z).

     To update this file, use the passwd, useradd, usermod, or userdel com-
     mands.

FILES
     /etc/shadow

SEE ALSO
     login(1), passwd(1), useradd(1M), usermod(1M), userdel(1M),
     getspent(3C), putspent(3C), passwd(4).



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