as(1) as(1)
NAME
as - assembler
SYNOPSIS
as [options] file
DESCRIPTION
The as command creates object files from assembly language source
files. The output file is executable if no errors occurred during the
assembly, transfer vectors were not used, and there are no unresolved
external references. The following flags may be specified in any
order:
genelf
Have the assembler produce ELF. Otherwise, assembler produces
XCOFF (the default).
abicalls
Have the assembler produce ABI calling sequence.
pic Have the assembler produce position independent code.
-g0 Have the assembler produce no symbol table information for sym-
bolic debugging. This is the default.
-g1 Have the assembler produce additional symbol table information
for accurate but limited symbolic debugging of partially optim-
ized code.
-g or -g2
Have the assembler produce additional symbol table information
for full symbolic debugging and not do optimizations that limit
full symbolic debugging.
-g3 Have the assembler produce additional symbol table information
for full symbolic debugging for fully optimized code. This option
makes the debugger inaccurate.
-w Suppress warning messages.
-P Run only the C macro preprocessor and put the result in a file
with the suffix of the source file changed to .i or if the file
has no suffix then a .i is added to the source filename. The .i
file has no # lines in it. This sets the -cpp option.
-E Run only the C macro preprocessor on the file and send the result
to the standard output. This sets the -cpp option.
-o output
Name the final output file output. If this option is used, the
file a.out is not generated.
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-Dname=def or -Dname
Define the name to the C macro preprocessor, as if by #define. If
no definition is given, the name is defined as 1.
-Uname
Remove any initial definition of name.
-Idir
The #include files whose names do not begin with / are always
sought first in the directory of the file argument, then in
directories specified in -l options, and finally in the standard
directory (/usr/include).
-I This option will cause #include files never to be searched for in
the standard directory (/usr/include).
G num
Specify the maximum size, in bytes, of a data item that is to be
accessed from the global pointer. num is assumed to be a decimal
number. If num is zero, no data is accessed from the global
pointer. The default value for num is 8 bytes.
-v Print the passes as they execute with their arguments and their
input and output files.
-V Print the version of the driver and the versions of all passes.
This is done with the what command.
-cpp Run the C macro preprocessor on assembly source files before com-
piling. This is the default for as.
-nocpp
Do not run the C macro preprocessor on assembly source files
before compiling.
Either object file target byte ordering can be produced by as. The
default target byte ordering matches the machine where the assembler
is running. The options -EB and -EL specify the target byte ordering
(big-endian and little-endian, respectively). The assembler also
defines a C preprocessor macro for the target byte ordering. These C
preprocessor macros are MIPSEB and MIPSEL for big-endian and little-
endian byte ordering respectively.
-EB Produce object files targeted for big-endian byte ordering. The C
preprocessor macro MIPSEB is defined by the assembler.
-EL Produce object files targeted for little-endian byte ordering.
The C preprocessor macro MIPSEL is defined by the assembler.
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as(1) as(1)
The following option is specified for as:
-m Apply the m4 preprocessor to the source file before assembling
it.
The option described below is primarily used to provide Reliant UNIX
compilation environments other than the native compilation environ-
ment.
-systype name
Use the named compilation environment name. The names of the com-
pilation environments supported are bsd43 and sysv. This has
the effect of changing the standard directory for #include
files. The new items are located in their usual paths but with
/name prepended to their paths. Also a preprocessor macro of the
form SYSTYPENAME (with name capitalized) is defined in place of
the default SYSTYPESYSV.
The options described below primarily aid compiler development and are
not generally used:
-Hc Halt compiling after the pass specified by the character c, pro-
ducing an intermediate file for the next pass. The c can be [a].
It selects the assembler pass in the same way as the -t option.
If this option is used, the symbol table file produced and used
by the passes, is the last component of the source file with the
suffix changed to .T or a .T is added if the source file has no
suffix. This file is not removed.
-K Build and use the intermediate filenames with the last component
of the source file's name replacing its suffix with the conven-
tional suffix for the type of file. If the source file has no
suffix the conventional suffix is added to the source filename.
These intermediate files are never removed even when a pass
encounters a fatal error.
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-Wc[c...], arg1[,arg2...]
Pass the argument(s) argi to the compiler pass(es) c[c...]. The
c's are one of [pab]. The c's selects the compiler pass in the
same way as the -t option.
The options -t[pab], -hpath, and -Bstring select a name to use for a
particular pass. These arguments are processed from left to right so
their order is significant. When the -B option is encountered, the
selection of names takes place using the last -h and -t. Sets of these
options can be used to select any combination of names.
-t[pab]
Select the names. The names selected are those designated by the
characters following the -t option according to the following
table:
Name Character
cpp p
as0 a
as1 b
-hpath
Use path rather than the directory where the name is normally
found.
-Bstring
Append string to all names specified by the -t option. If no -t
option has been processed before the -B, the -t option is assumed
to be pab. This list designated all names.
Invoking the assembler with a name of the form string has the
same effect as using a Bstring option on the command line.
If the environment variable $COMPHOSTROOT is set, the value is used
as the root directory for all pass names rather than the default /. If
the environment variable $COMPTARGETROOT is set, the value is used
as the root directory for the includes rather than the default /.
If the environment variable $ROOTDIR is set, the value is used as the
root directory for all names rather than the default /usr. This also
affects the standard directory for #include files, /usr/include.
If the environment variable $TMPDIR is set, the value is used as the
directory to place any temporary files rather than the default /tmp.
Other arguments are ignored.
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FILES
file.o Object file
a.out Assembler output
/tmp/ctm? Temporary
/usr/lib/cpp C macro preprocessor
/usr/lib/as0 Assembler
/usr/lib/as1 Assembler
/usr/include Standard directory for include files
SEE ALSO
cc(1).
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