mwm(1X) X11 R4.11MU05 mwm(1X)
NAME
mwm--The Motif Window Manager
SYNOPSIS
mwm [ options ]
DESCRIPTION
mwm is an X Window System client that provides window management
functionality and some session management functionality. It provides
functions that facilitate control (by the user and the programmer) of
elements of window state such as placement, size, icon/normal
display, and input-focus ownership. It also provides session
management functions such as stopping a client.
Options
-display display
This option specifies the display to use; see X(1).
-xrm resourcestring
This option specifies a resource string to use.
-multiscreen
This option causes mwm to manage all screens on the display.
The default is to manage only a single screen.
-name name
This option causes mwm to retrieve its resources using the
specified name, as in name*resource. The default name is mwm.
In the Trusted X environment, this option is ignored.
Therefore, in the Trusted X environment, the only resources
that mwm retrieves are those named as mwm*resource.
-screens name [name [...]]
This option specifies the resource names to use for the
screens managed by mwm. If mwm is managing a single screen,
only the first name in the list is used. If mwm is managing
multiple screens, the names are assigned to the screens in
order, starting with screen 0. Screen 0 gets the first name,
screen 1 the second name, and so on.
In the Trusted X environment, this option is ignored. In the
Trusted X environment screens are named 0, 1, 2, etc.
-exec command
This option specifies the command that mwm will execute upon
startup (generally the user's $HOME/.Xsession file). This
option is available only in the Trusted X environment.
Trusted X Environment
mwm operating in a Trusted X Environment means, at a minimum, that
DG/UX is running with mandatory access control (running_with_mac) and
capabilities (running_with_caps) and that the X server is running
SecureWare's xsecurity extension, as modified and sold by Tektronix,
Inc. In addition, the X server must be connected to a color display.
Appearance
The following sections describe the basic default behaviors of
windows, icons, the icon box, the session security bar, the trusted
path menu, input focus, and window stacking. The appearance and
behavior of the window manager can be altered by changing the
configuration of specific resources. Resources are defined under the
heading "X DEFAULTS."
Screens
By default, mwm manages only the single screen specified by the
-display option or the DISPLAY environment variable (by default,
screen 0). If the -multiscreen option is specified or if the
multiScreen resource is True, mwm tries to manage all the screens on
the display.
When mwm is managing multiple screens, the -screens option can be
used to give each screen a unique resource name. The names are
separated by blanks, for example, -screens mwm0 mwm1. If there are
more screens than names, resources for the remaining screens will be
retrieved using the first name. By default and in the Trusted X
Environment, the screen number is used for the screen name.
Windows
Default mwm window frames have distinct components with associated
functions:
Title Area In addition to displaying the client's title, the
title area is used to move the window. To move the
window, place the pointer over the title area,
press button 1 and drag the window to a new
location. By default, a wire frame is moved during
the drag to indicate the new location. When the
button is released, the window is moved to the new
location.
Title Bar The title bar includes the title area, the minimize
button, the maximize button, and the window menu
button. In shaped windows, such as round windows,
the title bar floats above the window.
Minimize Button To turn the window into an icon, click button 1 on
the minimize button (the frame box with a small
square in it).
Maximize Button To make the window fill the screen (or enlarge to
the largest size allowed by the configuration
files), click button 1 on the maximize button (the
frame box with a large square in it).
Window Menu Button
The window menu button is the frame box with a
horizontal bar in it. To pull down the window
menu, press button 1. While pressing, drag the
pointer on the menu to your selection, then release
the button when your selection is highlighted.
Pressing button 3 in the title bar or resize border
handles also posts the window menu. Alternately,
you can click button 1 to pull down the menu and
keep it posted; then position the pointer and
select. You can also post the window menu by
pressing <Shift> <Esc> or <Alt> <Space>. Double-
clicking button 1 with the pointer on the window
menu button closes the window. The following table
lists the contents of the window menu.
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Default Window Menu |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Selection | Accelerator | Description |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Restore | Alt+F5 | Restores the window to its size |
| | | before minimizing or maximizing |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Move | Alt+F7 | Allows the window to be moved |
| | | with keys or mouse |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Size | Alt+F8 | Allows the window to be resized |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Minimize | Alt+F9 | Turns the window into an icon |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Maximize | Alt+F10 | Makes the window fill the screen |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Lower | Alt+F3 | Moves window to bottom of window |
| | | stack |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Close | Alt+F4 | Causes client to terminate |
+----------+-------------+----------------------------------+
Resize Border Handles
To change the size of a window, move the pointer
over a resize border handle (the cursor changes),
press button 1, and drag the window to a new size.
When the button is released, the window is resized.
While dragging is being done, a rubber-band outline
is displayed to indicate the new window size.
Matte An optional matte decoration can be added between
the client area and the window frame. A matte is
not actually part of the window frame. There is no
functionality associated with a matte.
Window Security Bar
Applicable only in the Trusted X environment, the
window security bar includes a security label area
and an optional trusted path menu button. The
security bar appears on all windows in the Trusted
X environment, regardless of other frame
components. On regular windows, the security bar
is at the top of the window (above the title bar,
if one is present). On menus and other override-
redirect windows, the security bar is on the right
side of the window.
Security Label Area
A window's security label area displays the
window's MAC label. This label is truncated to the
width of the window. To see the entire label,
click mouse button 1 on the security label
area--this brings up the label expansion box.
Trusted Path Menu Button
The trusted path menu button can optionally be
displayed on each window's security bar. Click on
this button to display the trusted path menu
described later in the document.
Icons
Icons are small graphic representations of windows. A window can be
minimized (iconified) using the minimize button on the window frame.
Icons provide a way to reduce clutter on the screen.
Pressing mouse button 1 when the pointer is over an icon causes the
icon's window menu to pop up. Releasing the button (press + release
without moving mouse = click) causes the menu to stay posted. The
menu contains the following selections:
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Icon Window Menu |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Selection | Accelerator | Description |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Restore | Alt+F5 | Opens the associated window |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Move | Alt+F7 | Allows the icon to be moved with keys |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Size | Alt+F8 | Inactive (not an option for icons) |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Minimize | Alt+F9 | Inactive (not an option for icons) |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Maximize | Alt+F10 | Opens the associated window and makes |
| | | it fill the screen |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Lower | Alt+F3 | Moves icon to bottom of icon stack |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
|Close | Alt+F4 | Removes client from mwm management |
+----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
Note that pressing button 3 over an icon also causes the icon's
window menu to pop up. To make a menu selection, drag the pointer
over the menu and release button 3 when the desired item is
highlighted.
Double-clicking button 1 on an icon invokes the f.restoreandraise
function and restores the icon's associated window to its previous
state. For example, if a maximized window is iconified, then double-
clicking button 1 restores it to its maximized state. Double-
clicking button 1 on the icon box's icon opens the icon box and
allows access to the contained icons. (In general, double-clicking a
mouse button is a quick way to perform a function.) Pressing <Shift>
<Esc> or <Menu> (the pop-up menu key) causes the icon window menu of
the currently selected icon to pop up.
In the Trusted X Environment, each icon also contains the icon
security label. Clicking button 1 on the icon security label causes
the label expansion box to pop up, displaying the associated window's
security label.
Icon Box
When icons begin to clutter the screen, they can be packed into an
icon box. (To use an icon box, mwm must be started with the icon box
configuration already set.) The icon box is a mwm window that holds
client icons. It includes one or more scroll bars when there are
more window icons than the icon box can show at the same time.
Icons in the icon box can be manipulated with the mouse. The
following table summarizes the behavior of this interface. Button
actions apply whenever the pointer is on any part of the icon (except
the icon security label). Note that double-clicking an icon in the
icon box invokes the f.restoreandraise function.
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Button Action | Description |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Button 1 click | Selects the icon |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Button 1 double-click | Normalizes (opens) the associated |
| | window |
| | Raises an already open window to the |
| | top of the stack |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Button 1 drag | Moves the icon |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Button 3 press | Causes the menu for that icon to pop up |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Button 3 drag | Highlights items as the pointer moves |
| | across the menu |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------+
Pressing mouse button 3 when the pointer is over an icon causes the
menu for that icon to pop up.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Icon Menu for the Icon Box |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Selection | Accelerator | Description |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Restore | Alt+F5 | Opens the associated window (if not already open) |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Move | Alt+F7 | Allows the icon to be moved with keys |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Size\h'|336u
|'Alt+F8 | Inactive |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Minimize | Alt+F9 | Inactive |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Maximize | Alt+F10 | Opens the associated window (if not already open) |
| | | and maximizes its size |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Lower | Alt+F3 | Inactive |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|Close | Alt+F4 | Removes client from mwm management |
+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------+
To pull down the window menu for the icon box itself, press button 1
with the pointer over the menu button for the icon box. The window
menu of the icon box differs from the window menu of a client window:
The "Close" selection is replaced with the "PackIcons Shift+Alt+F7"
selection. When selected, PackIcons packs the icons in the box to
achieve neat rows with no empty slots.
You can also post the window menu by pressing <Shift> <Esc> or <Alt>
<Space>. Pressing <Menu> (the pop-up menu key) causes the icon
window menu of the currently selected icon to pop up.
Session Security Bar
In the Trusted X Environment, the Session Security Bar spans the
bottom of every display. This bar cannot be covered by any other
window and should always be present in the Trusted X Environment.
The Session Security Bar contains two items: the MAC label of the
window with (keyboard) focus and the trusted path menu button. (In
pointer mode, the window with focus is the window that contains the
mouse pointer.) If the MAC label is longer than the window is wide,
the label is truncated. To display the complete MAC label, click
mouse button 1 on the MAC label. This brings up the label expansion
box, which contains the complete MAC label.
The trusted path menu button accesses the Trusted Path Menu. This
menu provides access to the security features of mwm. (You can also
access this menu by pressing the security "hot key" (<F12> by
default).
The following table lists the contents of the Trusted Path Menu:
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Trusted Path Menu |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Selection | Description |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Set Maximum Session Clearance | Specify the highest MAC label allowed |
| | for the current session. Mwm will not |
| | display windows running at a higher MAC |
| | label. |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Set Default Process Sensitivity | Specify the default MAC label of any |
| | process started by mwm. This label |
| | will affect any process started by the |
| | f.exec or f.exectp functions. |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Use Default Process Sensitivity | Toggle between using default process |
| | MAC label or specifying a MAC label |
| | each time a process is initiated. |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Verify Cut and Paste | Specify the types of paste events that |
| | require verification. |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Restart mwm | Re-read all the resource files and |
| | restart mwm with new values |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Exit Session | End the login session and return to xdm |
+--------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
Sensitivity Box
In the Trusted X Environment, the sensitivity box allows you to
construct new MAC labels. The sensitivity box appears under the
following circumstances: you select the "Set Session Clearance" menu
item, you select the "Set Default Session Sensitivity" menu item, or
when the "Use Default Sensitivity" menu item is turned off (set to
false).
The sensitivity box displays all MAC labels within your MAC range as
aliases or as "hierarchy:categories." You can construct a new MAC
label by clicking on the appropriate toggle buttons. Or you can
click on the "Edit Label" button and type in the new label. Note:
You cannot construct a label outside your MAC range.
Input Focus
mwm supports (by default) a keyboard input focus policy of explicit
selection. This means when a window is selected to get keyboard
input, it continues to get keyboard input until the window is
withdrawn from window management, another window is explicitly
selected to get keyboard input, or the window is iconified. Several
resources control the input focus. The client window with the
keyboard input focus has the active window appearance with a visually
distinct window frame. In the Trusted X Environment, the Session
Security Bar shows the MAC label of this window.
The following tables summarize the keyboard input focus selection
behavior:
+---------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
|Button Action | Object | Function Description |
+---------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
+---------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
|Button 1 press | Window / window frame | Keyboard focus selection |
+---------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
|Button 1 press | Icon | Keyboard focus selection |
+---------------+-----------------------+--------------------------+
+------------------+---------------------------+
|Key Action | Function Description |
+------------------+---------------------------+
|[Alt][Tab] | Move input focus to next |
| | window in window stack |
| | (available only in |
| | explicit focus mode) |
+------------------+---------------------------+
|[Alt][Shift][Tab] | Move input focus to |
| | previous window in window |
| | stack (available only in |
| | explicit focus mode) |
+------------------+---------------------------+
Window Stacking
There are two types of window stacks: global window stacks and an
application's local family window stack.
The global stacking order of windows may be changed as a result of
setting the keyboard input focus, iconifying a window, or performing
a window manager window stacking function. When keyboard focus
policy is explicit the default value of the focusAutoRaise resource
is True. This causes a window to be raised to the top of the stack
when it receives input focus, for example, by pressing button 1 on
the title bar. The key actions defined in the previous table will
thus raise the window receiving focus to the top of the stack.
In pointer mode, the default value of focusAutoRaise is False, that
is, the window stacking order is not changed when a window receives
keyboard input focus. The following key actions can be used to cycle
through the global window stack.
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
|Key Action | Function Description |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
|[Alt][ESC] | Place top window on bottom of stack |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
|[Alt][Shift][ESC] | Place bottom window on top of stack |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
By default, a window's icon is placed on the bottom of the stack when
the window is iconified; however, the default can be changed by the
lowerOnIconify resource.
Transient windows (secondary windows such a dialog boxes) stay above
their parent windows by default. However, an application's local
family stacking order may be changed to allow a transient window to
be placed below its parent top-level window. The following
parameters show the modification of the stacking order for the
f.lower function.
f.lower Lowers the transient window within the family (staying
above the parent) and lowers the family in the global
window stack.
f.lower [within]
Lowers the transient window within the family (staying
above the parent) but does not lower the family in the
global window stack.
f.lower [freeFamily]
Lowers the window free from its family stack (below the
parent), but does not lower the family in the global window
stack.
The parameters within and freeFamily can also be used with f.raise
and f.raiselower.
X Defaults
mwm is configured from its resource database. This database is built
from the following sources. They are listed in order of precedence,
low to high:
/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm
$HOME/Mwm
RESOURCE_MANAGER root window property or $HOME/.Xdefaults
XENVIRONMENT variable or $HOME/.Xdefaults-host
mwm command line options
/etc/tcb/X/mwm-defaults
The file names /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm and $HOME/Mwm represent
customary locations for these files. The actual location of the
system-wide class resource file may depend on the XFILESEARCHPATH
environment variable and the current language environment. The
actual location of the user-specific class resource file may depend
on the XUSERFILESEARCHPATH and XAPPLRESDIR environment variables and
the current language environment.
The file /etc/tcb/X/mwm-defaults is applicable only in the Trusted X
Environment. It can be configured only by the system security
administrator.
Entries in the resource database may refer to other resource files
for specific types of resources. These include files that contain
bitmaps, fonts, and mwm specific resources such as menus and behavior
specifications (for example, button and key bindings).
Mwm is the resource class name of mwm and mwm is the default resource
name used by mwm to look up resources. (In the Trusted X environment,
the only valid resource name is mwm; other names are ignored.) The
-screens command line option specifies resource names, such as
"mwm_b+w" and "mwm_color". In the following discussion of resource
specification, "Mwm" and "mwm" (and the aliased mwm resource names)
can be used interchangeably, but "mwm" takes precedence over "Mwm".
mwm uses the following types of resources:
Component Appearance Resources:
These resources specify appearance attributes of window manager user
interface components. They can be applied to the appearance of
window manager menus, feedback windows (for example, the window
reconfiguration feedback window), client window frames, and icons.
General Appearance and Behavior Resources:
These resources specify mwm appearance and behavior (for example,
window management policies). They are not set separately for
different mwm user interface components.
Client Specific Resources:
These mwm resources can be set for a particular client window or
class of client windows. They specify client-specific icon and
client window frame appearance and behavior.
Security Specific Resources:
These resources can be specified for the security specific components
of mwm (for example, default process clearance). They are not set
separately for different mwm user interface components.
Resource identifiers can be either resource names (for example,
foreground) or resource classes (for example, Foreground). If the
value of a resource is a filename and if the filename is prefixed by
"~/", then it is relative to the path contained in the HOME
environment variable (generally the user's home directory).
Component Appearance Resources
The syntax for specifying component appearance resources that apply
to window manager icons, menus, and client window frames is
Mwm*resourceid
For example, Mwm*foreground is used to specify the foreground color
for mwm menus, icons, client window frames, and feedback dialogs.
The syntax for specifying component appearance resources that apply
to a particular mwm component is
Mwm*[menu|icon|client|feedback]*resourceid
If menu is specified, the resource is applied only to mwm menus; if
icon is specified, the resource is applied to icons; and if client is
specified, the resource is applied to client window frames. For
example, Mwm*icon*foreground is used to specify the foreground color
for mwm icons, Mwm*menu*foreground specifies the foreground color for
mwm menus, and Mwm*client*foreground is used to specify the
foreground color for mwm client window frames.
The appearance of the title area of a client window frame (including
window management buttons) can be separately configured. The syntax
for configuring the title area of a client window frame is
Mwm*client*title*resourceid
For example, Mwm*client*title*foreground specifies the foreground
color for the title area. Defaults for title area resources are
based on the values of the corresponding client window frame
resources.
The appearance of menus can be configured based on the name of the
menu. The syntax for specifying menu appearance by name is
Mwm*menu*menuname*resourceid
For example, Mwm*menu*mymenu*foreground specifies the foreground
color for the menu named mymenu. The user can also specify
resources for window manager menu components, that is, the gadgets
which comprise the menu. These may include for example, a menu
title, title separator, one or more buttons, and separators. If a
menu contains more than one instance of a class, such as multiple
PushButtonGadgets, the name of the first instance is
"PushButtonGadget1", the second is "PushButtonGadget2", and so on.
The following list identifies the naming convention used for window
manager menu components:
· Menu Title LabelGadget--"TitleName"
· Menu Title SeparatorGadget--"TitleSeparator"
· CascadeButtonGadget--"CascadeButtonGadget<n>"
· PushButtonGadget--"PushButtonGadget<n>"
· SeparatorGadget--"SeparatorGadget<n>"
Refer to the man page for each class for a list of resources which
can be specified.
The following component appearance resources that apply to all window
manager parts can be specified:
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Component Appearance Resources--All Window Manager Parts |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|Name | Class | Value Type | Default |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|background | Background | color | varies† |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|backgroundPixmap | BackgroundPixmap | string†† | varies† |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|bottomShadowColor | Foreground | color | varies† |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|bottomShadowPixmap | BottomShadowPixmap | string†† | varies† |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|fontList | FontList | string††† | "fixed" |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|foreground | Foreground | color | varies† |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|saveUnder | SaveUnder | T/F | F |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|topShadowColor | Background | color | varies† |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|topShadowPixmap | TopShadowPixmap | string†† | varies† |
+-------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
†The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
††Image name. See XmInstallImage(3X).
†††X11 X Logical Font Description
background (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color. Any legal X
color may be specified. The default value is chosen based on
the visual type of the screen.
backgroundPixmap (class BackgroundPixmap)
This resource specifies the background Pixmap of the mwm
decoration when the window is inactive (does not have the
keyboard focus). The default value is chosen based on the
visual type of the screen.
bottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color. This color
is used for the lower and right bevels of the window manager
decoration. Any legal X color may be specified. The default
value is chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
bottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap. This
Pixmap is used for the lower and right bevels of the window
manager decoration. The default is chosen based on the
visual type of the screen.
fontList (class FontList)
This resource specifies the font used in the window manager
decoration. The character encoding of the font should match
the character encoding of the strings that are used. The
default is "fixed."
foreground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color. The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
saveUnder (class SaveUnder)
This is used to indicate whether "save unders" are used for
mwm components. For this to have any effect, save unders
must be implemented by the X server. If save unders are
implemented, the X server saves the contents of windows
obscured by windows that have the save under attribute set.
If the saveUnder resource is True, mwm will set the save
under attribute on the window manager frame of any client
that has it set. If saveUnder is False, save unders will not
be used on any window manager frames. The default value is
False.
topShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color. This color is
used for the upper and left bevels of the window manager
decoration. The default is chosen based on the visual type
of the screen.
topShadowPixmap ( class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap. This Pixmap
is used for the upper and left bevels of the window manager
decoration. The default is chosen based on the visual type
of the screen.
The following component appearance resources that apply to frame and
icons can be specified:
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Frame and Icon Components |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|Name | Class | Value Type | Default |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|activeBackground | Background | color | varies† |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|activeBackgroundPixmap | BackgroundPixmap | string†† | varies† |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|activeBottomShadowColor | Foreground | color | varies† |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|activeBottomShadowPixmap | BottomShadowPixmap | string†† | varies† |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|activeForeground | Foreground | color | varies† |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|activeTopShadowColor | Background | color | varies† |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
|activeTopShadowPixmap | TopShadowPixmap | string†† | varies† |
+-------------------------+--------------------+------------+---------+
†The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
††See XmInstallImage(3X).
activeBackground (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
activeBackgroundPixmap (class ActiveBackgroundPixmap)
This resource specifies the background Pixmap of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
activeBottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
activeBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
activeForeground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
activeTopShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
activeTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen.
General Appearance and Behavior Resources
The syntax for specifying general appearance and behavior resources
is
Mwm*resourceid
For example, Mwm*keyboardFocusPolicy specifies the window manager
policy for setting the keyboard focus to a particular client window.
The following general appearance and behavior resources can be
specified:
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| General Appearance and Behavior Resources |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|Name | Class | Value Type | Default |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|autoKeyFocus | AutoKeyFocus | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|autoRaiseDelay | AutoRaiseDelay | millisec | 500 |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|bitmapDirectory | BitmapDirectory | directory | /usr/include/\ |
| | | | X11/bitmaps |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|buttonBindings | ButtonBindings | string | "DefaultBut\ |
| | | | tonBindings" |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|cleanText | CleanText | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|clientAutoPlace | ClientAutoPlace | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|colormapFocusPolicy | ColormapFocusPolicy | string | keyboard |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|configFile | ConfigFile | file | .mwmrc |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|deiconifyKeyFocus | DeiconifyKeyFocus | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|doubleClickTime | DoubleClickTime | millisec. | multi-click |
| | | | time |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|enableWarp | enableWarp | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|enforceKeyFocus | EnforceKeyFocus | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|fadeNormalIcon | FadeNormalIcon | T/F | F |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|feedbackGeometry | FeedbackGeometry | string | center on |
| | | | screen |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|frameBorderWidth | FrameBorderWidth | pixels | varies |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconAutoPlace | IconAutoPlace | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconBoxGeometry | IconBoxGeometry | string | 6x1+0-0 |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconBoxName | IconBoxName | string | iconbox |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconBoxSBDisplayPolicy | IconBoxSBDisplayPolicy | string | all |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconBoxTitle | IconBoxTitle | XmString | Icons |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconClick | IconClick | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconDecoration | IconDecoration | string | varies |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconImageMaximum | IconImageMaximum | wxh | 50x50 |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconImageMinimum | IconImageMinimum | wxh | 16x16 |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconPlacement | IconPlacement | string | left bottom |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|iconPlacementMargin | IconPlacementMargin | pixels | varies |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|interactivePlacement | InteractivePlacement | T/F | F |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|keyBindings | KeyBindings | string | "DefaultKey\ |
| | | | Bindings" |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|keyboardFocusPolicy | KeyboardFocusPolicy | string | explicit |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|limitResize | LimitResize | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|lowerOnIconify | LowerOnIconify | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|maximumMaximumSize | MaximumMaximumSize | wxh (pixels) | 2X screen |
| | | | w&h |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|moveThreshold | MoveThreshold | pixels | 4 |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|moveOpaque | MoveOpaque | T/F | F |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|multiScreen | MultiScreen | T/F | F |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|passButtons | PassButtons | T/F | F |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|passSelectButton | PassSelectButton | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|positionIsFrame | PositionIsFrame | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|positionOnScreen | PositionOnScreen | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|quitTimeout | QuitTimeout | millisec. | 1000 |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|raiseKeyFocus | RaiseKeyFocus | T/F | F |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|resizeBorderWidth | ResizeBorderWidth | pixels | varies |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|resizeCursors | ResizeCursors | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|screens | Screens | string | varies |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|showFeedback | ShowFeedback | string | all |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|startupKeyFocus | StartupKeyFocus | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|transientDecoration | TransientDecoration | string | menu |
| | | | title |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|transientFunctions | TransientFunctions | string | -minimize |
| | | | -maximize |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|useIconBox | UseIconBox | T/F | F |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|wMenuButtonClick | WMenuButtonClick | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
|wMenuButtonClick2 | WMenuButtonClick2 | T/F | T |
+-----------------------+------------------------+--------------+----------------+
autoKeyFocus (class AutoKeyFocus)
This resource is available only when the keyboard input focus
policy is explicit. If autoKeyFocus is given a value of
True, then when a window with the keyboard input focus is
withdrawn from window management or is iconified, the focus
is set to the previous window that had the focus. If the
value given is False, there is no automatic setting of the
keyboard input focus. It is recommended that both
autoKeyFocus and startupKeyFocus be True to work with tear
off menus. The default value is True.
autoRaiseDelay (class AutoRaiseDelay)
This resource is available only when the focusAutoRaise
resource is True and the keyboard focus policy is pointer.
The autoRaiseDelay resource specifies the amount of time (in
milliseconds) that mwm will wait before raising a window
after it gets the keyboard focus. The default value of this
resource is 500 (ms).
bitmapDirectory (class BitmapDirectory)
This resource identifies a directory to be searched for
bitmaps referenced by mwm resources. This directory is
searched if a bitmap is specified without an absolute
pathname. The default value for this resource is
/usr/include/X11/bitmaps. The directory
/usr/include/X11/bitmaps represents the customary locations
for this directory. The actual location of this directory
may vary on some systems. If the bitmap is not found in the
specified directory, XBMLANGPATH is searched.
buttonBindings (class ButtonBindings)
This resource identifies the set of button bindings for
window management functions. The named set of button
bindings is specified in the mwm resource description file.
These button bindings are merged with the built-in default
bindings. The default value for this resource is
"DefaultButtonBindings".
cleanText (class CleanText)
This resource controls the display of window manager text in
the client title and feedback windows. If the default value
of True is used, the text is drawn with a clear (no stipple)
background. This makes text easier to read on monochrome
systems where a backgroundPixmap is specified. Only the
stippling in the area immediately around the text is cleared.
If False, the text is drawn directly on top of the existing
background.
clientAutoPlace (class ClientAutoPlace)
This resource determines the position of a window when the
window has not been given a program- or user-specified
position. With a value of True, windows are positioned with
the top left corners of the frames offset horizontally and
vertically. A value of False causes the currently configured
position of the window to be used. In either case, mwm will
attempt to place the windows totally on-screen. The default
value is True.
colormapFocusPolicy (class ColormapFocusPolicy)
This resource indicates the colormap focus policy that is to
be used. If the resource value is explicit, a colormap
selection action is done on a client window to set the
colormap focus to that window. If the value is pointer, the
client window containing the pointer has the colormap focus.
If the value is keyboard, the client window that has the
keyboard input focus has the colormap focus. The default
value for this resource is keyboard.
configFile (class ConfigFile)
The resource value is the pathname for an mwm resource
description file.
If the pathname begins with "~/", mwm considers it to be relative to
the user's home directory (as specified by the HOME environment
variable). If the LANG environment variable is set, mwm looks for
$HOME/$LANG/configFile. If that file does not exist or if LANG is
not set, mwm looks for $HOME/configFile.
If the configFile pathname does not begin with ~/, mwm considers it
to be relative to the current working directory.
If the configFile resource is not specified or if that file does not
exist, mwm uses several default paths to find a configuration file.
If the LANG environment variable is set, mwm looks for the
configuration file first in $HOME/$LANG/.mwmrc. If that file does
not exist or if LANG is not set, mwm looks for $HOME/.mwmrc. If that
file does not exist and if LANG is set, mwm next looks for the file
system.mwmrc in the $LANG subdirectory of an implementation-dependent
directory. (The default for this directory, if not changed by the
implementation, is /usr/lib/X11.) If that file does not exist or if
LANG is not set, mwm looks for the file system.mwmrc in the same
implementation-dependent directory. In the Trusted X Environment,
any resources set in /etc/tcb/X/mwmrc override those found in any of
the files above.
deiconifyKeyFocus (class DeiconifyKeyFocus)
This resource applies only when the keyboard input focus
policy is explicit. If a value of True is used, a window
receives the keyboard input focus when it is normalized
(deiconified). True is the default value.
doubleClickTime (class DoubleClickTime)
This resource is used to set the maximum time (in ms) between
the clicks (button presses) that make up a double-click. The
default value of this resource is the display's multi-click
time.
enableWarp (class EnableWarp)
The default value of this resource, True, causes mwm to warp
the pointer to the center of the selected window during
keyboard-controlled resize and move operations. Setting the
value to False causes mwm to leave the pointer at its
original place on the screen, unless the user explicitly
moves it with the cursor keys or pointing device.
enforceKeyFocus (class EnforceKeyFocus)
If this resource is given a value of True, the keyboard input
focus is always explicitly set to selected windows even if
there is an indication that they are "globally active" input
windows. (An example of a globally active window is a scroll
bar that can be operated without setting the focus to that
client.) If the resource is False, the keyboard input focus
is not explicitly set to globally active windows. The
default value is True.
fadeNormalIcon (class FadeNormalIcon)
If this resource is given a value of True, an icon is grayed
out whenever it has been normalized (its window has been
opened). The default value is False.
feedbackGeometry (class FeedbackGeometry)
This resource sets the position of the move and resize
feedback window. If this resource is not specified, the
default is to place the feedback window at the center of the
screen. The value of the resource is a standard window
geometry string with the following syntax:
[=]{+-}xoffset{+-}yoffset]
frameBorderWidth (class FrameBorderWidth)
This resource specifies the width (in pixels) of a client
window frame border without resize handles. The border width
includes the 3-D shadows. The default value is based on the
size and resolution of the screen.
iconAutoPlace (class IconAutoPlace)
This resource indicates whether the window manager arranges
icons in a particular area of the screen or places each icon
where the window was when it was iconified. The value True
indicates that icons are arranged in a particular area of the
screen, determined by the iconPlacement resource. The value
False indicates that an icon is placed at the location of the
window when it is iconified. The default is True.
iconBoxGeometry (class IconBoxGeometry)
This resource indicates the initial position and size of the
icon box. The value of the resource is a standard window
geometry string with the following syntax:
[=][widthxheight][{+-}xoffset{+-}yoffset]
If the offsets are not provided, the iconPlacement policy is used to
determine the initial placement. The units for width and height are
columns and rows.
The actual screen size of the icon box window depends on the
iconImageMaximum (size) and iconDecoration resources. The default
value for size is (6 * iconWidth + padding) wide by (1 * iconHeight +
padding) high. The default value of the location is +0 -0.
iconBoxName (class IconBoxName)
This resource specifies the name that is used to look up icon
box resources. The default name is "iconbox".
iconBoxSBDisplayPolicy (class IconBoxSBDisplayPolicy)
This resource specifies the scroll bar display policy of the
window manager in the icon box. The resource has three
possible values: all, vertical, and horizontal. The default
value, "all", causes both vertical and horizontal scroll bars
always to appear. The value "vertical" causes a single
vertical scroll bar to appear in the icon box and sets the
orientation of the icon box to horizontal (regardless of the
iconBoxGeometry specification). The value "horizontal"
causes a single horizontal scroll bar to appear in the icon
box and sets the orientation of the icon box to vertical
(regardless of the iconBoxGeometry specification).
iconBoxTitle (class IconBoxTitle)
This resource specifies the name that is used in the title
area of the icon box frame. The default value is "Icons".
iconClick (class IconClick)
When this resource is given the value of True, the system
menu is posted and left posted when an icon is clicked. The
default value is True.
iconDecoration (class IconDecoration)
This resource specifies the general icon decoration. The
resource value is label (only the label part is displayed) or
image (only the image part is displayed) or label image (both
the label and image parts are displayed). A value of
activelabel can also be specified to get a label (not
truncated to the width of the icon) when the icon is
selected. The default icon decoration for icon box icons is
that each icon has a label part and an image part (label
image). The default icon decoration for stand alone icons is
that each icon has an active label part, a label part, and an
image part (activelabel label image).
iconImageMaximum (class IconImageMaximum)
This resource specifies the maximum size of the icon image.
The resource value is widthxheight (for example, 64x64). The
maximum supported size is 128x128. The default value of this
resource is 50x50.
iconImageMinimum (class IconImageMinimum)
This resource specifies the minimum size of the icon image.
The resource value is widthxheight (for example, 32x50). The
minimum supported size is 16x16. The default value of this
resource is 16x16.
iconPlacement (class IconPlacement)
This resource specifies the icon placement scheme to be used.
The resource value has the following syntax:
primarylayout secondarylayout [tight]
The layout values are one of the following:
+-------+----------------------------------+
|Value | Description |
+-------+----------------------------------+
+-------+----------------------------------+
|top | Lay the icons out top to bottom. |
+-------+----------------------------------+
|bottom | Lay the icons out bottom to top. |
+-------+----------------------------------+
|left | Lay the icons out left to right. |
+-------+----------------------------------+
|right | Lay the icons out right to left. |
+-------+----------------------------------+
A horizontal (vertical) layout value should not be used for both the
primarylayout and the secondarylayout (for example, don't use top
for the primarylayout and bottom for the secondarylayout). The
primarylayout indicates whether, when an icon placement is done, the
icon is placed in a row or a column and the direction of placement.
The secondarylayout indicates where to place new rows or columns.
For example, top right indicates that icons should be placed top to
bottom on the screen and that columns should be added from right to
left on the screen. The default placement is left bottom (icons are
placed left to right on the screen, with the first row on the bottom
of the screen, and new rows added from the bottom of the screen to
the top of the screen). A tight value places icons with zero spacing
in between icons. This value is useful for aesthetic reasons, as
well as X-terminals with small screens.
iconPlacementMargin (class IconPlacementMargin)
This resource sets the distance between the edge of the
screen and the icons that are placed along the edge of the
screen. The value should be greater than or equal to 0. A
default value (see below) is used if the value specified is
invalid. The default value for this resource is equal to the
space between icons as they are placed on the screen (this
space is based on maximizing the number of icons in each row
and column).
interactivePlacement (class InteractivePlacement)
This resource controls the initial placement of new windows
on the screen. If the value is True, the pointer shape
changes before a new window is placed on the screen to
indicate to the user that a position should be selected for
the upper-left hand corner of the window. If the value is
False, windows are placed according to the initial window
configuration attributes. The default value of this resource
is False.
keyBindings (class KeyBindings)
This resource identifies the set of key bindings for window
management functions. If specified, these key bindings
replace the built-in default bindings. The named set of key
bindings is specified in mwm resource description file. The
default value for this resource is "DefaultKeyBindings".
keyboardFocusPolicy (class KeyboardFocusPolicy)
If set to pointer, the keyboard focus policy is to have the
keyboard focus set to the client window that contains the
pointer (the pointer could also be in the client window
decoration that mwm adds). If set to explicit, the policy is
to have the keyboard focus set to a client window when the
user presses button 1 with the pointer on the client window
or any part of the associated mwm decoration. The default
value for this resource is explicit.
limitResize (class LimitResize)
If this resource is True, the user is not allowed to resize a
window to greater than the maximum size. The default value
for this resource is True.
lowerOnIconify (class LowerOnIconify)
If this resource is given the default value of True, a
window's icon appears on the bottom of the window stack when
the window is minimized (iconified). A value of False places
the icon in the stacking order at the same place as its
associated window. The default value of this resource is
True.
maximumMaximumSize (class MaximumMaximumSize)
This resource is used to limit the maximum size of a client
window as set by the user or client. The resource value is
widthxheight (for example, 1024x1024) where the width and
height are in pixels. The default value of this resource is
twice the screen width and height.
moveOpaque (class MoveOpaque)
This resource controls whether the actual window is moved or
a rectangular outline of the window is moved. A default
value of False displays a rectangular outline on moves.
moveThreshold (class MoveThreshold)
This resource is used to control the sensitivity of dragging
operations that move windows and icons. The value of this
resource is the number of pixels that the locator is moved
with a button down before the move operation is initiated.
This is used to prevent window/icon movement when you click
or double-click and there is unintentional pointer movement
with the button down. The default value of this resource is
4 (pixels).
multiScreen (class MultiScreen)
This resource, if True, causes mwm to manage all the screens
on the display. If False, mwm manages only a single screen.
The default value is False.
passButtons (class PassButtons)
This resource indicates whether or not button press events
are passed to clients after they are used to do a window
manager function in the client context. If the resource
value is False, the button press is not passed to the client.
If the value is True, the button press is passed to the
client window. The window manager function is done in either
case. The default value for this resource is False.
passSelectButton (class PassSelectButton)
This resource indicates whether or not to pass the select
button press events to clients after they are used to do a
window manager function in the client context. If the
resource value is False, then the button press will not be
passed to the client. If the value is True, the button press
is passed to the client window. The window manager function
is done in either case. The default value for this resource
is True.
positionIsFrame (class PositionIsFrame)
This resource indicates how client window position
information (from the WM_NORMAL_HINTS property and from
configuration requests) is to be interpreted. If the
resource value is True, the information is interpreted as the
position of the MWM client window frame. If the value is
False, it is interpreted as being the position of the client
area of the window. The default value of this resource is
True.
positionOnScreen (class PositionOnScreen)
This resource is used to indicate that windows should
initially be placed (if possible) so that they are not
clipped by the edge of the screen (if the resource value is
True). If a window is larger than the size of the screen, at
least the upper-left corner of the window is on-screen. If
the resource value is False, windows are placed in the
requested position even if totally off-screen. The default
value of this resource is True.
quitTimeout (class QuitTimeout)
This resource specifies the amount of time (in milliseconds)
that mwm will wait for a client to update the WM_COMMAND
property after mwm has sent the WM_SAVE_YOURSELF message.
The default value of this resource is 1000 (ms). (Refer to
the f.kill function description for additional information.)
raiseKeyFocus (class RaiseKeyFocus)
This resource is available only when the keyboard input focus
policy is explicit. When set to True, this resource
specifies that a window raised by means of the
f.normalize_and_raise function also receives the input focus.
The default value of this resource is False.
resizeBorderWidth (class ResizeBorderWidth)
This resource specifies the width (in pixels) of a client
window frame border with resize handles. The specified
border width includes the 3-D shadows. The default value is
based on the size and resolution of the screen.
resizeCursors (class ResizeCursors)
This is used to indicate whether the resize cursors are
always displayed when the pointer is in the window size
border. If True, the cursors are shown, otherwise the window
manager cursor is shown. The default value is True.
screens (class Screens)
This resource specifies the resource names to use for the
screens managed by mwm. If mwm is managing a single screen,
only the first name in the list is used. If mwm is managing
multiple screens, the names are assigned to the screens in
order, starting with screen 0. Screen 0 gets the first name,
screen 1 the second name, and so on. The default screen
names are 0, 1, and so on.
showFeedback (class ShowFeedback)
This resource controls whether or not feedback windows or
confirmation dialogs are displayed. A feedback window shows
a client window's initial placement and shows position and
size during move and resize operations. Confirmation dialogs
can be displayed for certain operations.
The value for this resource is a list of names of the feedback
options to be enabled or disabled; the names must be separated by a
space. If an option is preceded by a minus sign, that option is
excluded from the list. The sign of the first item in the list
determines the initial set of options. If the sign of the first
option is minus, mwm assumes all options are present and starts
subtracting from that set. If the sign of the first decoration is
plus (or not specified), mwm starts with no options and builds up a
list from the resource.
The names of the feedback options are shown below:
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|Name | Description |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|all | Show all feedback (Default value) |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|behavior | Confirm behavior switch |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|kill | Confirm on receipt of KILL signal |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|move | Show position during move |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|none | Show no feedback |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|placement | Show position and size during initial placement |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|quit | Confirm quitting mwm |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|resize | Show size during resize |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
|restart | Confirm mwm restart |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
The following command line illustrates the syntax for showFeedback:
Mwm*showFeedback: placement resize behavior restart
This resource specification provides feedback for initial client
placement and resize, and enables the dialog boxes to confirm the
restart and set behavior functions. It disables feedback for the
move function. The default value for this resource is all.
startupKeyFocus (class StartupKeyFocus)
This resource is available only when the keyboard input focus
policy is explicit. When given the default value of True, a
window gets the keyboard input focus when the window is
mapped (that is, initially managed by the window manager).
It is recommended that both autoKeyFocus and startupKeyFocus
be True to work with tear off menus. The default value is
True.
transientDecoration (class TransientDecoration)
This controls the amount of decoration that mwm puts on
transient windows. The decoration specification is exactly
the same as for the clientDecoration (client specific)
resource. Transient windows are identified by the
WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property, which is added by the client to
indicate a relatively temporary window. The default value
for this resource is menu title (that is, transient windows
have frame borders and a titlebar with a window menu button).
An application can also specify which decorations mwm should apply to
its windows. If it does so, mwm applies only those decorations
indicated by both the application and the transientDecoration
resource. Otherwise, mwm applies the decorations indicated by the
transientDecoration resource. For more information see the
description of XmNmwmDecorations on the VendorShell(3X) reference
page.
transientFunctions (class TransientFunctions)
This resource is used to indicate which window management
functions are applicable (or not applicable) to transient
windows. The function specification is exactly the same as
for the clientFunctions (client specific) resource. The
default value for this resource is -minimize -maximize.
An application can also specify which functions mwm should apply to
its windows. If it does so, mwm applies only those functions
indicated by both the application and the transientFunctions
resource. Otherwise, mwm applies the functions indicated by the
transientFunctions resource. For more information see the
description of XmNmwmFunctions on the VendorShell(3X) reference page.
useIconBox (class UseIconBox)
If this resource is given a value of True, icons are placed
in an icon box. When an icon box is not used, the icons are
placed on the root window (default value).
wMenuButtonClick (class WMenuButtonClick)
This resource indicates whether a click of the mouse when the
pointer is over the window menu button posts and leaves
posted the window menu. If the value given this resource is
True, the menu remains posted. True is the default value for
this resource.
wMenuButtonClick2 (class WMenuButtonClick2)
When this resource is given the default value of True, a
double-click action on the window menu button does an f.kill
function.
Client Specific Resources
The syntax for specifying client specific resources is
Mwm*clientnameorclass*resourceid
For example, Mwm*mterm*windowMenu is used to specify the window menu
to be used with mterm clients. The syntax for specifying client
specific resources for all classes of clients is
Mwm*resourceid
Specific client specifications take precedence over the
specifications for all clients. For example, Mwm*windowMenu is used
to specify the window menu to be used for all classes of clients that
don't have a window menu specified.
The syntax for specifying resource values for windows that have an
unknown name and class (that is, windows that do not have a WM_CLASS
property associated with them) is
Mwm*defaults*resourceid
For example, Mwm*defaults*iconImage is used to specify the icon image
to be used for windows that have an unknown name and class.
The following client specific resources can be specified:
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Client Specific Resources |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|Name | Class | Value Type | Default |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|clientDecoration | ClientDecoration | string | all |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|clientFunctions | ClientFunctions | string | all |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|focusAutoRaise | FocusAutoRaise | T/F | varies |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|iconImage | IconImage | pathname | (image) |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|iconImageBackground | Background | color | icon |
| | | | background |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|iconImageBottomShadowColor | Foreground | color | icon bottom |
| | | | shadow |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|iconImageBottomShadowPixmap | BottomShadow- | color | icon bottom |
| | Pixmap | | shadow |
| | | | pixmap |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|iconImageForeground | Foreground | color | varies |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|iconImageTopShadowColor | Background | color | icon top |
| | | | shadow |
| | | | color |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|iconImageTopShadowPixmap | TopShadow- | color | icon top |
| | Pixmap | | shadow |
| | | | pixmap |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|matteBackground | Background | color | background |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|matteBottomShadowColor | Foreground | color | bottom |
| | | | shadow |
| | | | color |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|matteBottomShadowPixmap | BottomShadow- | color | bottom |
| | Pixmap | | shadow |
| | | | pixmap |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|matteForeground | Foreground | color | foreground |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|matteTopShadowColor | Background | color | top shadow |
| | | | color |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|matteTopShadowPixmap | TopShadow- | color | top shadow |
| | Pixmap | | pixmap |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|matteWidth | MatteWidth | pixels | 0 |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|maximumClientSize | MaximumClientSize | wxh | fill the |
| | | vertical | screen |
| | | horizontal | |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|useClientIcon | UseClientIcon | T/F | F |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|usePPosition | UsePPosition | string | nonzero |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
|windowMenu | WindowMenu | string | "Default- |
| | | | Window- |
| | | | Menu" |
+----------------------------+-------------------+------------+-------------+
clientDecoration (class ClientDecoration)
This resource controls the amount of window frame decoration.
The resource is specified as a list of decorations to specify
their inclusion in the frame. If a decoration is preceded by
a minus sign, that decoration is excluded from the frame.
The sign of the first item in the list determines the initial
amount of decoration. If the sign of the first decoration is
minus, mwm assumes all decorations are present and starts
subtracting from that set. If the sign of the first
decoration is plus (or not specified), then mwm starts with
no decoration and builds up a list from the resource.
An application can also specify which decorations mwm should apply to
its windows. If it does so, mwm applies only those decorations
indicated by both the application and the clientDecoration resource.
Otherwise, mwm applies the decorations indicated by the
clientDecoration resource. For more information see the description
of XmNmwmDecorations on the VendorShell(3X) reference page.
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|Name | Description |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|all | Include all decorations (default value) |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|border | Window border |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|maximize | Maximize button (includes title bar) |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|minimize | Minimize button (includes title bar) |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|none | No decorations |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|resizeh | Border resize handles (includes border) |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|menu | Window menu button (includes title bar) |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
|title | Title bar (includes border) |
+---------+-----------------------------------------+
Examples:
Mwm*XClock.clientDecoration: -resizeh -maximize
This removes the resize handles and maximize button from XClock
windows.
Mwm*XClock.clientDecoration: menu minimize border
This does the same thing as above. Note that either menu or minimize
implies title.
clientFunctions (class ClientFunctions)
This resource is used to indicate which mwm functions are
applicable (or not applicable) to the client window. The
value for the resource is a list of functions. If the first
function in the list has a minus sign in front of it, then
mwm starts with all functions and subtracts from that set.
If the first function in the list has a plus sign in front of
it, then mwm starts with no functions and builds up a list.
Each function in the list must be preceded by the appropriate
plus or minus sign and separated from the next function by a
space.
An application can also specify which functions mwm should apply to
its windows. If it does so, mwm applies only those functions
indicated by both the application and the clientFunctions resource.
Otherwise, mwm applies the functions indicated by the clientFunctions
resource. For more information see the description of
XmNmwmFunctions on the VendorShell(3X) reference page.
The table below lists the functions available for this resource:
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|Name | Description |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|all | Include all functions (default value) |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|none | No functions |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|resize | f.resize |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|move | f.move |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|minimize | f.minimize |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|maximize | f.maximize |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|close | f.kill |
+---------+---------------------------------------+
focusAutoRaise (class FocusAutoRaise)
When the value of this resource is True, clients are raised
when they get the keyboard input focus. If the value is
False, the stacking of windows on the display is not changed
when a window gets the keyboard input focus. The default
value is True when the keyboardFocusPolicy is explicit and
False when the keyboardFocusPolicy is pointer.
iconImage (class IconImage)
This resource can be used to specify an icon image for a
client (for example, "Mwm*myclock*iconImage"). The resource
value is a pathname for a bitmap file. The value of the
(client specific) useClientIcon resource is used to determine
whether or not user supplied icon images are used instead of
client supplied icon images. The default value is to display
a built-in window manager icon image.
iconImageBackground (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color of the icon
image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The
default value of this resource is the icon background color
(that is, specified by "Mwm*background or
Mwm*icon*background).
iconImageBottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color of the icon
image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The
default value of this resource is the icon bottom shadow
color (that is, specified by Mwm*icon*bottomShadowColor).
iconImageBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap of the icon
image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The
default value of this resource is the icon bottom shadow
Pixmap (that is, specified by Mwm*icon*bottomShadowPixmap).
iconImageForeground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color of the icon
image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The
default value of this resource varies depending on the icon
background.
iconImageTopShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color of the icon
image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The
default value of this resource is the icon top shadow color
(that is, specified by Mwm*icon*topShadowColor).
iconImageTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap of the icon
image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The
default value of this resource is the icon top shadow pixmap
(that is, specified by Mwm*icon*topShadowPixmap).
matteBackground (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color of the matte,
when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this
resource is the client background color (that is, specified
by "Mwm*background or Mwm*client*background).
matteBottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color of the matte,
when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this
resource is the client bottom shadow color (that is,
specified by "Mwm*bottomShadowColor or
Mwm*client*bottomShadowColor).
matteBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap of the
matte, when matteWidth is positive. The default value of
this resource is the client bottom shadow pixmap (that is,
specified by "Mwm*bottomShadowPixmap or
Mwm*client*bottomShadowPixmap).
matteForeground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color of the matte,
when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this
resource is the client foreground color (that is, specified
by "Mwm*foreground or Mwm*client*foreground).
matteTopShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color of the matte,
when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this
resource is the client top shadow color (that is, specified
by "Mwm*topShadowColor or Mwm*client*topShadowColor).
matteTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow pixmap of the matte,
when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this
resource is the client top shadow pixmap (that is, specified
by "Mwm*topShadowPixmap or Mwm*client*topShadowPixmap).
matteWidth (class MatteWidth)
This resource specifies the width of the optional matte. The
default value is 0, which effectively disables the matte.
maximumClientSize (class MaximumClientSize)
This resource is either a size specification or a direction
that indicates how a client window is to be maximized. The
resource value can be specified as a size specification
widthxheight. The width and height are interpreted in the
units that the client uses (for example, for terminal
emulators this is generally characters). Alternately,
"vertical" or "horizontal" can be specified to indicate the
direction in which the client maximizes.
If this resource is not specified, the maximum size from the
WM_NORMAL_HINTS property is used if set. Otherwise the default value
is the size where the client window with window management borders
fills the screen. When the maximum client size is not determined by
the maximumClientSize resource, the maximumMaximumSize resource value
is used as a constraint on the maximum size.
useClientIcon (class UseClientIcon)
If the value given for this resource is True, a client-
supplied icon image takes precedence over a user-supplied
icon image. The default value is False, giving the user-
supplied icon image higher precedence than the client-
supplied icon image.
usePPosition (class UsePPosition)
This resource specifies whether Mwm honors program specified
position PPosition specified in the WM_NORMAL_HINTS property
in the absence of an user specified position. Setting this
resource to on, causes mwm to always honor program specified
position. Setting this resource to off, causes mwm to always
ignore program specified position. Setting this resource to
the default value of nonzero cause mwm to honor program
specified position other than (0,0).
windowMenu (class WindowMenu)
This resource indicates the name of the menu pane that is
posted when the window menu is popped up (usually by pressing
button 1 on the window menu button on the client window
frame). Menu panes are specified in the MWM resource
description file. Window menus can be customized on a client
class basis by specifying resources of the form
Mwm*clientnameorclass*windowMenu (see "Mwm Resource
Description File Syntax"). The default value of this
resource is "DefaultWindowMenu".
Security Specific Resources
Security specific resources are applicable only in the Trusted X
Environment. The syntax for specifying security specific resources
is
mwm.security.resourceid
For example, mwm.security.defaultSessionClearance is used to specify
the MAC clearance for the current mwm session.
The following security resources can be specified:
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Security Specific Resources |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|Name | Class | Value Type | Default |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|defaultSessionClearance | DefaultSessionClearance | string | varies |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|defaultProcessClearance | DefaultProcessClearance | string | varies |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|useDefaultSensitivity | UseDefaultSensitivity | T/F | F |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|verifyCutAndPaste | VerifyCutAndPaste | string | always |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|displayLabelDefinitions | DisplayLabelDefinitions | T/F | F |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|displayAllAliases | DisplayAllAliases | T/F | F |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|displayAbbreviatedLabels | DisplayAbbreviatedLabels | T/F | F |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|showTrustedPathMenu | ShowTrustedPathMenu | T/F | F |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
|expandActiveIconLabel | ExpandActiveIconLabel | T/F | F |
+-------------------------+--------------------------+------------+---------+
defaultSessionClearance (class DefaultSessionClearance)
This resource is used to set the session clearance label that
will dominate the label of any window connecting to the X
display. The default value for this resource is the MAC
label of mwm.
defaultProcessClearance (class DefaultProcessClearance)
This resource is used to set the default MAC label of
processes started by mwm. This resource is applicable only
when the useDefaultSensitivity resource is True. The default
value for this resource is the MAC label of mwm.
useDefaultSensitivity (class UseDefaultSensitivity)
If this resource is set to True, any process started using
the f.exec or f.exectp functions will be started at the
label specified by the defaultProcessClearance resource. If
this resource is set to False, a label will have to be
specified each time a process is started. The default value
for this resource is False.
verifyCutAndPaste (class VerifyCutAndPaste)
This resource is used to determine what paste events require
explicit confirmation. The valid values for this resource
are:
+-----------+-----------------------------------------+
|Name | Description |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------+
+-----------+-----------------------------------------+
|always | Confirm every paste (default value) |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------+
|privileged | Only confirm pastes that require a |
| | special privilege |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------+
|never | Perform all pastes without confirmation |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------+
displayLabelDefinitions (class DisplayLabelDefinitions)
If this resource is set to True, all security labels are
displayed as hierarchy:(categories) instead of aliases. The
default value is False.
displayAllAliases (class DisplayAllAliases)
If this resource is set to True, all the available aliases
for a security label are displayed instead of just the last
one. The default value is False. This resource is
applicable only if displayLabelDefinitions is set to False.
displayAbbreviatedLabels (class DisplayAbbreviatedLabels)
If this resource is set to True, the security labels are
displayed abbreviated. The default value is False.
showTrustedPathMenu (class ShowTrustedPathMenu)
If this resource is set to True, the trusted path menu button
is displayed in the security bar on every window. The
default value is False.
expandActiveIconLabel (class ExpandActiveIconLabel)
If this resource is set to True, the icon security label is
expanded to show the full label whenever the icon becomes
active. The default value is False.
Resource Description File
The MWM resource description file is a supplementary resource file
that contains resource descriptions that are referred to by entries
in the defaults files (.Xdefaults, app-defaults/Mwm). It contains
descriptions of resources that are to be used by mwm, and that cannot
be easily encoded in the defaults files (a bitmap file is an
analogous type of resource description file). A particular mwm
resource descriptionfile can be selected using the configFile
resource.
The following types of resources can be described in the mwm resource
description file:
Buttons Window manager functions can be bound (associated)
with button events.
Keys Window manager functions can be bound (associated)
with key press events.
Menus Menu panes can be used for the window menu and other
menus posted with key bindings and button bindings.
mwm Resource Description File Syntax
The mwm resource description file is a standard text file that
contains items of information separated by blanks, tabs, and newline
characters. Blank lines are ignored. Items or characters can be
quoted to avoid special interpretation (for example, the comment
character can be quoted to prevent it from being interpreted as the
comment character). A quoted item can be contained in double quotes
("). Single characters can be quoted by preceding them by the
backslash character (\). All text from an unquoted # to the end of
the line is regarded as a comment and is not interpreted as part of a
resource description. If ! is the first character in a line, the
line is regarded as a comment. If a line ends in a backslash
character (\), the next line is considered a continuation of that
line. Window manager functions can be accessed with button and key
bindings, and with window manager menus. Functions are indicated as
part of the specifications for button and key binding sets, and menu
panes. The function specification has the following syntax:
function = functionname [functionargs]
functionname = window manager function
functionargs = {quoteditem | unquoteditem}
The following functions are supported. If a function is specified
that isn't one of the supported functions, then it is interpreted by
mwm as f.nop.
f.beep This function causes a beep.
f.circledown [icon | window]
This function causes the window or icon that is on the top
of the window stack to be put on the bottom of the window
stack (so that it no longer obscures any other window or
icon). This function affects only those windows and icons
that obscure other windows and icons, or that are obscured
by other windows and icons. Secondary windows (that is,
transient windows) are restacked with their associated
primary window. Secondary windows always stay on top of
the associated primary window and there can be no other
primary windows between the secondary windows and their
primary window. If an icon function argument is specified,
the function applies only to icons. If a window function
argument is specified, the function applies only to
windows.
f.circleup [icon | window]
This function raises the window or icon on the bottom of
the window stack (so that it is not obscured by any other
windows). This function affects only those windows and
icons that obscure other windows and icons, or that are
obscured by other windows and icons. Secondary windows
(that is, transient windows) are restacked with their
associated primary window. If an icon function argument is
specified, the function applies only to icons. If a window
function argument is specified, the function applies only
to windows.
f.exec or !
This function causes command to be executed (using the
value of the MWMSHELL environment variable if it is set,
otherwise the value of the SHELL environment variable if it
is set, otherwise /bin/sh). The ! notation can be used in
place of the f.exec function name.
f.exectp command
This function causes command to be executed as in f.exec,
but only if command is in the virus protection zone.
f.focuscolor
This function sets the colormap focus to a client window.
If this function is done in a root context, the default
colormap (set up by the X Window System for the screen
where MWM is running) is installed and there is no specific
client window colormap focus. This function is treated as
f.nop if colormapFocusPolicy is not explicit.
f.focuskey
This function sets the keyboard input focus to a client
window or icon. This function is treated as f.nop if
keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit or the function is
executed in a root context.
f.kill This function is used to terminate a client. If the
WM_DELETE_WINDOW protocol is set up, the client is sent a
client message event, indicating that the client window
should be deleted. If the WM_SAVE_YOURSELF protocol is set
up, the client is sent a client message event, indicating
that the client needs to prepare to be terminated. If the
client does not have the WM_DELETE_WINDOW or
WM_SAVE_YOURSELF protocol set up, this function causes a
client's X connection to be terminated (usually resulting
in termination of the client). Refer to the description of
the quitTimeout resource and the WM_PROTOCOLS property.
f.logout This function is used to terminate all clients and quit the
login session in the Trusted X Environment.
f.lower [-client | within | freeFamily]
This function lowers a primary window to the bottom of the
global window stack (where it obscures no other window) and
lowers the secondary window (transient window or dialog
box) within the client family. The arguments to this
function are mutually exclusive.
The client argument indicates the name or class of a client to lower.
If the client argument is not specified, the context that the
function was invoked in indicates the window or icon to lower.
Specifying within lowers the secondary window within the family
(staying above the parent) but does not lower the client family in
the global window stack.
Specifying freeFamily lowers the window to the bottom of the global
windows stack from its local family stack.
f.maximize
This function causes a client window to be displayed with
its maximum size.
f.menu This function associates a cascading (pull-right) menu with
a menu pane entry or a menu with a button or key binding.
The menuname function argument identifies the menu to be
used.
f.minimize
This function causes a client window to be minimized
(iconified). When a window is minimized when no icon box
is used, its icon is placed on the bottom of the window
stack (so that it obscures no other window). If an icon
box is used, the client's icon changes to its iconified
form inside the icon box. Secondary windows (that is,
transient windows) are minimized with their associated
primary window. There is only one icon for a primary
window and all its secondary windows.
f.move This function causes a client window to be interactively
moved.
f.nextcmap
This function installs the next colormap in the list of
colormaps for the window with the colormap focus.
f.nextkey [icon | window | transient]
This function sets the keyboard input focus to the next
window/icon in the set of windows/icons managed by the
window manager (the ordering of this set is based on the
stacking of windows on the screen). This function is
treated as f.nop if keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit.
The keyboard input focus is moved only to windows that do
not have an associated secondary window that is application
modal. If the transient argument is specified, transient
(secondary) windows are traversed (otherwise, if only
window is specified, traversal is done only to the last
focused window in a transient group). If an icon function
argument is specified, the function applies only to icons.
If a window function argument is specified, the function
applies only to windows.
f.nop This function does nothing.
f.normalize
This function causes a client window to be displayed with
its normal size. Secondary windows (that is, transient
windows) are placed in their normal state along with their
associated primary window.
f.normalizeandraise
This function causes the corresponding client window to be
displayed with its normal size and raised to the top of the
window stack. Secondary windows (that is, transient
windows) are placed in their normal state along with their
associated primary window.
f.packicons
This function is used to relayout icons (based on the
layout policy being used) on the root window or in the icon
box. In general this causes icons to be "packed" into the
icon grid.
f.passkeys
This function is used to enable/disable (toggle) processing
of key bindings for window manager functions. When it
disables key binding processing, all keys are passed on to
the window with the keyboard input focus and no window
manager functions are invoked. If the f.passkeys function
is invoked with a key binding to disable key-binding
processing, the same key binding can be used to enable key-
binding processing.
f.postwmenu
This function is used to post the window menu. If a key is
used to post the window menu and a window menu button is
present, the window menu is automatically placed with its
top-left corner at the bottom-left corner of the window
menu button for the client window. If no window menu
button is present, the window menu is placed at the top-
left corner of the client window.
f.prevcmap
This function installs the previous colormap in the list of
colormaps for the window with the colormap focus.
f.prevkey [icon | window | transient]
This function sets the keyboard input focus to the previous
window/icon in the set of windows/icons managed by the
window manager (the ordering of this set is based on the
stacking of windows on the screen). This function is
treated as f.nop if keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit.
The keyboard input focus is moved only to windows that do
not have an associated secondary window that is application
modal. If the transient argument is specified, transient
(secondary) windows are traversed (otherwise, if only
window is specified, traversal is done only to the last
focused window in a transient group). If an icon function
argument is specified, the function applies only to icons.
If an window function argument is specified, the function
applies only to windows.
f.quitmwm
This function terminates mwm (but NOT the X window system).
This function is replaced by f.logout in the Trusted X
Environment.
f.raise [-client | within | freeFamily]
This function raises a primary window to the top of the
global window stack (where it is obscured by no other
window) and raises the secondary window (transient window
or dialog box) within the client family. The arguments to
this function are mutually exclusive.
The client argument indicates the name or class of a client to lower.
If the client is not specified, the context that the function was
invoked in indicates the window or icon to lower.
Specifying within raises the secondary window within the family but
does not raise the client family in the global window stack.
Specifying freeFamily raises the window to the top of its local
family stack and raises the family to the top of the global window
stack.
f.raiselower [within | freeFamily]
This function raises a primary window to the top of the
global window stack if it is partially obscured by another
window; otherwise, it lowers the window to the bottom of
the window stack. The arguments to this function are
mutually exclusive.
Specifying within raises a secondary window within the family
(staying above the parent window), if it is partially obscured by
another window in the application's family; otherwise, it lowers the
window to the bottom of the family stack. It has no effect on the
global window stacking order.
Specifying freeFamily raises the window to the top of its local
family stack, if obscured by another window, and raises the family to
the top of the global window stack; otherwise, it lowers the window
to the bottom of its local family stack and lowers the family to the
bottom of the global window stack.
f.refresh This function causes all windows to be redrawn.
f.refreshwin
This function causes a client window to be redrawn.
f.resize This function causes a client window to be interactively
resized.
f.restore This function restores the previous state of an icon's
associated window. If a maximized window is iconified,
then f.restore restores it to its maximized state. If a
normal window is iconified, then f.restore restores it to
its normalized state.
f.restoreandraise
This function restores the previous state of an icon's
associated window and raises the window to the top of the
window stack. If a maximized window is iconified, then
f.restoreandraise restores it to its maximized state and
raises it to the top of the window stack. If a normal
window is iconified, then f.restoreandraise restores it
to its normalized state and raises it to the top of the
window stack.
f.restart This function causes mwm to be restarted (effectively
terminated and re-executed). This function is replaced by
f.securerestart in the Trusted X Environment.
f.screen [next | prev | back | screennumber]
This function causes the pointer to be warp to a specific
screen number or to the next, previous, or last visited
(back) screen. The arguments to this function are mutually
exclusive.
The screennumber argument indicates the screen number that the
pointer is to be warped. Screens are numbered starting from screen
0.
Specifying next cause the pointer to warp to the next managed screen
(skipping over any unmanaged screens).
Specifying prev cause the pointer to warp to the previous managed
screen (skipping over any unmanaged screens).
Specifying back cause the pointer to warp to the last visited screen.
f.securerestart
This function causes mwm to be restarted (effectively
terminated and re-executed) in the Trusted X Environment.
f.sendmsg messagenumber
This function sends a client message of the type
_MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES with the messagetype indicated by the
messagenumber function argument. The client message is
sent only if messagenumber is included in the client's
_MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES property. A menu item label is grayed
out if the menu item is used to do f.sendmsg of a message
that is not included in the client's _MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES
property.
f.separator
This function causes a menu separator to be put in the menu
pane at the specified location (the label is ignored).
f.setclearance
This function pops up the sensitivity box allowing the
current session clearance to be reset. It is available
only in the Trusted X Environment.
f.setdefaultsensitivity
This function pops up the sensitivity box allowing the
default process sensitivity to be reset. It is available
only in the Trusted X Environment.
f.setbehavior
This function causes the window manager to restart with the
default behavior (if a custom behavior is configured) or
revert to the custom behavior. By default this is bound to
Shift Ctrl Meta <Key>!.
f.title This function inserts a title in the menu pane at the
specified location.
f.usedefaultsensitivity
This function pops up a dialog box allowing you to specify
whether default process sensitivity should be used when
starting processes using the f.exec and f.exectp
functions. It is available only in the Trusted X
Environment.
f.verifycutpaste
This function pops up the verify paste box allowing you to
specify the types of paste operations that should be
verified. It is available only in the Trusted X
Environment.
Each function may be constrained as to which resource types can
specify the function (for example, menu pane) and also what context
the function can be used in (for example, the function is done to the
selected client window). Function contexts are
root No client window or icon has been selected as an
object for the function.
window A client window has been selected as an object for the
function. This includes the window's title bar and
frame. Some functions are applied only when the
window is in its normalized state (for example,
f.maximize) or its maximized state (for example,
f.normalize).
icon An icon has been selected as an object for the
function.
If a function's context has been specified as icon|window and the
function is invoked in an icon box, the function applies to the icon
box, not to the icons inside.
If a function is specified in a type of resource where it is not
supported or is invoked in a context that does not apply, the
function is treated as f.nop. The following table indicates the
resource types and function contexts in which window manager
functions apply.
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|Function | Contexts | Resources |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.beep | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.circle_down | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.circle_up | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.exec | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.exec_tp | root | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.focus_color | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.focus_key | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.kill | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.logout | root | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.lower | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.maximize | icon, window(normal) | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.menu | root, icon, window | button, key, menu, |
| | | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.minimize | window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.move | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.next_cmap | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.next_key | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.nop | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.normalize | icon, window(maximized) | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.normalize_and_raise | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.pack_icons | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.pass_keys | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.post_wmenu | root, icon, window | button, key |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.prev_cmap | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.prev_key | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.quit_mwm | root, icon, window | button, key, |
| | | menu (root only) |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.raise | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.raise_lower | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.refresh | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.refresh_win | window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.resize | window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.restore | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.restore_and_raise | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.restart | root, icon, window | button, key, |
| | | menu (root only) |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.screen | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.secure_restart | root | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.send_msg | icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.separator | root, icon, window | menu, trusted |
| | | path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.set_clearance | root | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.set_behavior | root, icon, window | button, key, menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.set_default_sensitivity | root | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.title | root, icon, window | menu, trusted |
| | | path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.use_default_sensitivity | root | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
|f.verify_cut_paste | root | trusted path menu |
+--------------------------+-------------------------+---------------------+
Window Manager Event Specification
Events are indicated as part of the specifications for button and
key-binding sets, and menu panes.
Button events have the following syntax:
button = [modifierlist]<buttoneventname>
modifierlist = modifiername {modifiername}
All modifiers specified are interpreted as being exclusive (this
means that only the specified modifiers can be present when the
button event occurs). The following table indicates the values that
can be used for modifiername. The [Alt] key is frequently labeled
[Extend] or [Meta]. Alt and Meta can be used interchangeably in
event specification.
+---------+--------------+
|Modifier | Description |
+---------+--------------+
+---------+--------------+
|Ctrl | Control Key |
+---------+--------------+
|Shift | Shift Key |
+---------+--------------+
|Alt | Alt/Meta Key |
+---------+--------------+
|Meta | Meta/Alt Key |
+---------+--------------+
|Lock | Lock Key |
+---------+--------------+
|Mod1 | Modifier1 |
+---------+--------------+
|Mod2 | Modifier2 |
+---------+--------------+
|Mod3 | Modifier3 |
+---------+--------------+
|Mod4 | Modifier4 |
+---------+--------------+
|Mod5 | Modifier5 |
+---------+--------------+
The following table indicates the values that can be used for
buttoneventname.
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Button | Description |
+-----------+----------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn1Down | Button 1 Press |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn1Up | Button 1 Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn1Click | Button 1 Press and Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn1Click2 | Button 1 Double-Click |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn2Down | Button 2 Press |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn2Up | Button 2 Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn2Click | Button 2 Press and Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn2Click2 | Button 2 Double-Click |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn3Down | Button 3 Press |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn3Up | Button 3 Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn3Click | Button 3 Press and Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn3Click2 | Button 3 Double-Click |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn4Down | Button 4 Press |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn4Up | Button 4 Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn4Click | Button 4 Press and Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn4Click2 | Button 4 Double-Click |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn5Down | Button 5 Press |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn5Up | Button 5 Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn5Click | Button 5 Press and Release |
+-----------+----------------------------+
|Btn5Click2 | Button 5 Double-Click |
+-----------+----------------------------+
Key events that are used by the window manager for menu mnemonics and
for binding to window manager functions are single key presses; key
releases are ignored. Key events have the following syntax:
key = [modifierlist]<Key>keyname
modifierlist = modifiername {modifiername}
All modifiers specified are interpreted as being exclusive (this
means that only the specified modifiers can be present when the key
event occurs). Modifiers for keys are the same as those that apply
to buttons. The keyname is an X11 keysym name. Keysym names can be
found in the keysymdef.h file (remove the XK prefix).
Button Bindings
The buttonBindings resource value is the name of a set of button
bindings that are used to configure window manager behavior. A
window manager function can be done when a button press occurs with
the pointer over a framed client window, an icon, or the root window.
The context for indicating where the button press applies is also the
context for invoking the window manager function when the button
press is done (significant for functions that are context sensitive).
The button binding syntax is
Buttons bindingssetname
{
button context function
button context function
.
.
button context function
}
The syntax for the context specification is
context = object[ | context]
object = root | icon | window | title | frame | border | app
The context specification indicates where the pointer must be for the
button binding to be effective. For example, a context of window
indicates that the pointer must be over a client window or window
management frame for the button binding to be effective. The frame
context is for the window management frame around a client window
(including the border, the titlebar, and the window security bar),
the border context is for the border part of the window management
frame (not including the titlebar or the window security bar), the
title context is for the title area of the window management frame,
and the app context is for the application window (not including the
window management frame).
If an f.nop function is specified for a button binding, the button
binding is not done.
Key Bindings
The keyBindings resource value is the name of a set of key bindings
that are used to configure window manager behavior. A window manager
function can be done when a particular key is pressed. The context
in which the key binding applies is indicated in the key binding
specification. The valid contexts are the same as those that apply
to button bindings.
The key binding syntax is
Keys bindingssetname
{
key context function
key context function
.
.
key context function
}
If an f.nop function is specified for a key binding, the key binding
is not done. If an f.postwmenu or f.menu function is bound to a
key, mwm will automatically use the same key for removing the menu
from the screen after it has been popped up.
The context specification syntax is the same as for button bindings.
For key bindings, the frame, title, border, and app contexts are
equivalent to the window context. The context for a key event is the
window or icon that has the keyboard input focus (root if no window
or icon has the keyboard input focus).
Menu Panes
Menus can be popped up using the f.postwmenu and f.menu window
manager functions. The context for window manager functions that are
done from a menu is root, icon or window depending on how the menu
was popped up. In the case of the window menu or menus popped up
with a key binding, the location of the keyboard input focus
indicates the context. For menus popped up using a button binding,
the context of the button binding is the context of the menu.
The menu pane specification syntax is
Menu menuname
{
label [mnemonic] [accelerator] function
label [mnemonic] [accelerator] function
.
.
label [mnemonic] [accelerator] function
}
Each line in the Menu specification identifies the label for a menu
item and the function to be done if the menu item is selected.
Optionally a menu button mnemonic and a menu button keyboard
accelerator may be specified. Mnemonics are functional only when the
menu is posted and keyboard traversal applies.
The label may be a string or a bitmap file. The label specification
has the following syntax:
label = text | bitmapfile
bitmapfile = @filename
text = quoteditem | unquoteditem
The string encoding for labels must be compatible with the menu font
that is used. Labels are greyed out for menu items that do the f.nop
function or an invalid function or a function that doesn't apply in
the current context.
A mnemonic specification has the following syntax
mnemonic = character
The first matching character in the label is underlined. If there is
no matching character in the label, no mnemonic is registered with
the window manager for that label. Although the character must
exactly match a character in the label, the mnemonic does not execute
if any modifier (such as Shift) is pressed with the character key.
The accelerator specification is a key event specification with the
same syntax as is used for key bindings to window manager functions.
Environment
mwm uses the environment variable HOME specifying the user's home
directory.
mwm uses the environment variable LANG specifying the user's choice
of language for the mwm message catalog and the mwm resource
description file.
mwm uses the environment variables XFILESEARCHPATH,
XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, XAPPLRESDIR, XENVIRONMENT, LANG, and HOME in
determining search paths for resource defaults files. mwm may also
use XBMLANGPATH to search for bitmap files.
mwm reads the $HOME/.motifbind file if it exists to install a virtual
key bindings property on the root window. For more information on
the content of the .motifbind file, see VirtualBindings(3X).
mwm uses the environment variable MWMSHELL (or SHELL, if MWMSHELL is
not set), specifying the shell to use when executing commands via the
f.exec function.
Files
/usr/lib/X11/$LANG/system.mwmrc
/usr/lib/X11/system.mwmrc
/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm
$HOME/Mwm
$HOME/.Xdefaults
$HOME/$LANG/.mwmrc
$HOME/.mwmrc
$HOME/.motifbind
/etc/tcb/X/mwmrc
/etc/tcb/X/mwm-defaults
/etc/tcb/X/maccolordefs
RELATED INFORMATION
VendorShell(3X), VirtualBindings(3X), X(1), XmInstallImage(3X), and
mwmadmin(5).
Licensed material--property of copyright holder(s)