join(1)                          DG/UX R4.11                         join(1)


NAME
       join - relational database operator

SYNOPSIS
       join [ options ] file1 file2

DESCRIPTION
       Join forms, on the standard output, a join of the two relations
       specified by the lines of file1 and file2.  If file1 is -, the
       standard input is used.

       File1 and file2 must be sorted in increasing ASCII collating sequence
       on the fields on which they are to be joined, normally the first in
       each line.

       There is one line in the output for each pair of lines in file1 and
       file2 that have identical join fields.  The output line normally
       consists of the common field, then the rest of the line from file1,
       then the rest of the line from file2.

       The default input field separators are blank, tab, or new-line.  In
       this case, multiple separators count as one field separator, and
       leading separators are ignored.  The default output field separator
       is a blank.

       Some options use the argument n.  This argument should be a 1 or a 2
       referring to either file1 or file2, respectively.  Options are:

       -an      In addition to the normal output, produce a line for each
                unpairable line in file n, where n is 1 or 2.

       -e s     Replace empty output fields by string s.

       -jn m    Join on the mth field of file n.  If n is missing, use the
                mth field in each file.  Fields are numbered starting with
                1.

       -o list  Each output line comprises the fields specified in list,
                each element of which has the form n.m, where n is a file
                number and m is a field number.  The common field is not
                printed unless specifically requested.

       -tc      Use character c as a separator (tab character).  Every
                appearance of c in a line is significant.  The character c
                is used as the field separator for both input and output.

   International Features
       join can process characters from supplementary code sets, as well as
       ASCII characters.

       Options:

       -e s   The string s to be replaced can contain supplementary
              characters.

       -t c   The separator c can be a character from the supplementary code
              sets.

EXAMPLE
       The following command lines sort the passwd and group files on the
       key fields and join the sorted passwd and group files, matching the
       numeric group ID, and outputting the login name, the group name, and
       the login directory.

       sort +3 -4 -t: /etc/passwd >/tmp/passwd.sort

       sort +2 -3 -t: /etc/group >/tmp/group.sort

       join -j1 4 -j2 3 -o 1.1 2.1 1.6 -t: /tmp/passwd.sort /tmp/group.sort

SEE ALSO
       awk(1), comm(1), sort(1), uniq(1).

BUGS
       With default field separation, the collating sequence is that of sort
       -b; with -t, the sequence is that of a plain sort.

       The conventions of join, sort, comm, uniq and awk(1) are incongruous.

       Numeric filenames may cause conflict when the -o option is used right
       before listing filenames.


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