dd(1)                      DG/UX 4.30                       dd(1)



     NAME
          dd - convert and copy a file

     SYNOPSIS
          dd [option=value] ...

     DESCRIPTION
          Dd copies the specified input file to the specified output
          with possible conversions.  The standard input and output
          are used by default.  The input and output block size may be
          specified to take advantage of raw physical I/O.

          Option          Values
          if=file         Input file name; standard input is default
          of=file         Output file name; standard output is default
          ibs=n           Input block size n bytes (default 512)
          obs=n           Output block size (default 512)
          bs=n            Set both input and output block size,
                          superseding ibs and obs; also, if no
                          conversion is specified, it is particularly
                          efficient since no in-core copy need be done
          cbs=n           Conversion buffer size
          skip=n          Skip n input blocks before starting copy
          iseek=n         Seek n blocks from beginning of input file
                          before copying
          oseek=n         Seek n blocks from beginning of output file
                          before copying
          count=n         Copy only n input blocks
          conv=ascii      Convert EBCDIC to ASCII
               ebcdic     Convert ASCII to EBCDIC
               ibm        Slightly different map of ASCII to EBCDIC
               lcase      Map alphabetics to lowercase
               ucase      Map alphabetics to uppercase
               swab       Swap every pair of bytes
               noerror    Do not stop processing on an error
               sync       Pad every input block to ibs
               ... , ...  Several comma-separated conversions
          files=n         Allows concatenation of multiple input files
                          for tape
          conv=block      Convert to blocked files
          conv=unblock    Convert to unblocked files

          Where sizes are specified, the number of bytes is expected.
          A number may end with k, b, or w to specify multiplication
          by 1024, 512, or 2, respectively; a pair of numbers may be
          separated by x to indicate a product.

          Cbs is used only if ascii or ebcdic conversion is specified.
          In the former case, cbs characters are placed into the
          conversion buffer, converted to ASCII, trailing blanks
          trimmed, and new-line added before sending the line to the
          output.  In the latter case ASCII characters are read into



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     dd(1)                      DG/UX 4.30                       dd(1)



          the conversion buffer, converted to EBCDIC, and blanks added
          to make up an output block of size cbs.

          After completion, dd reports the number of whole and partial
          input and output blocks.

     EXAMPLES
          $ cat file1
          this file contains only lower case letters.
          $ dd if=file1 of=file2 conv=ucase
          $ cat file2
          THIS FILE CONTAINS ONLY LOWER CASE LETTERS.
          $

     SEE ALSO
          cp(1).

     DIAGNOSTICS
          f+p blocks in(out)  Numbers of full and partial blocks
          read(written)

     BUGS
          The ASCII/EBCDIC conversion tables are taken from the 256-
          character standard in the CACM Nov, 1968.  These do not
          always correspond to certain IBM print train conventions.
          There is no universal solution.

          New-lines are inserted only on conversion to ASCII; padding
          is done only on conversion to EBCDIC.  These should be
          separate options.

























     Licensed material--property of copyright holder(s)         Page 2