pr(1)
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pr Command
print files
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SYNTAX
pr [ [-column] [-wwidth] [-a] ] [-eck] [-ick] [-drtfp] [+page]
[-nck] [-ooffset] [-llength] [-sseparator] [-h header] [file
...]
pr [ [-m] [-wwidth] ] [-eck] [-ick] [-drtfp] [+page] [-nck]
[-ooffset] [-llength] [-sseparator] [-h header] file1 file2 ...
DESCRIPTION
Pr is used to format and print the contents of a file. If file
is -, or if no files are specified, pr assumes standard input.
pr prints the named files on standard output.
By default, the listing is separated into pages, each headed by
the page number, a date and time, and the name of the file. Page
length is 66 lines which includes 10 lines of header and trailer
output. The header is composed of 2 blank lines, 1 line of text
( can be altered with -h), and 2 blank lines; the trailer is 5
blank lines. For single column output, line width may not be set
and is unlimited. For multicolumn output, line width may be set
and the default is 72 columns. Diagnostic reports (failed
options) are reported at the end of standard output associated
with a terminal, rather than interspersed in the output. Pages
are separated by series of line feeds rather than form feed
characters.
By default, columns are of equal width, separated by at least one
space; lines which do not fit are truncated. If the -s option is
used, lines are not truncated and columns are separated by the
separator character.
Either -column or -m should be used to produce multi-column
output. -a should only be used with -column and not -m.
Command line options are
+page
Begin printing with page numbered page (default is 1).
-column
Print column columns of output (default is 1). Output
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pr(1)
appears as if -e and -i are turned on for multi-column
output. May not use with -m.
-a Print multi-column output across the page one line per
column. columns must be greater than one. If a line is too
long to fit in a column, it is truncated.
-m Merge and print all files simultaneously, one per column.
The maximum number of files that may be specifed is eight.
If a line is too long to fit in a column, it is truncated.
May not use with -column.
-d Double-space the output. Blank lines that result from
double-spacing are dropped when they occur at the top of a
page.
-eck Expand input tabs to character positions k+1, 2*k+1, 3*k+1,
etc. If k is 0 or is omitted, default tab settings at every
eighth position are assumed. Tab characters in the input
are expanded into the appropriate number of spaces. If c
(any non-digit character) is given, it is treated as the
input tab character (default for c is the tab character).
-ick In output, replace white space wherever possible by
inserting tabs to character positions k+1, 2*k+1, 3*k+1,
etc. If k is 0 or is omitted, default tab settings at every
eighth position are assumed. If c (any non-digit character)
is given, it is treated as the output tab character (default
for c is the tab character).
-nck Provide k-digit line numbering (default for k is 5). The
number occupies the first k+1 character positions of each
column of single column output or each line of -m output.
If c (any non-digit character) is given, it is appended to
the line number to separate it from whatever follows
(default for c is a tab).
-wwidth
Set the width of a line to width character positions
(default is 72). This is effective only for multi-column
output (-column and -m). There is no line limit for single
column output.
-ooffset
Offset each line by offset character positions (default is
0). The number of character positions per line is the sum
of the width and offset.
-llength
Set the length of a page to length lines (default is 66).
-l0 is reset to -l66. When the value of length is 10 or
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pr(1)
less, -t appears to be in effect since headers and trailers
are suppressed. By default, output contains 5 lines of
header and 5 lines of trailer leaving 56 lines for user-
supplied text. When -llength is used and length exceeds 10,
then length-10 lines are left per page for user supplied
text. When length is 10 or less, header and trailer output
is omitted to make room for user supplied text.
-h header
Use header as the text line of the header to be printed
instead of the file name. -h is ignored when -t is
specified or -llength is specified and the value of length
is 10 or less. (-h is the only pr option requiring space
between the option and argument.)
-p Pause before beginning each page if the output is directed
to a terminal (pr will ring the bell at the terminal and
wait for a carriage return).
-f Use single form-feed character for new pages (default is to
use a sequence of line-feeds). Pause before beginning the
first page if the standard output is associated with a
terminal.
-r Print no diagnostic reports on files that will not open.
-t Print neither the five-line identifying header nor the
five-line trailer normally supplied for each page. Quit
printing after the last line of each file without spacing to
the end of the page. Use of -t overrides the -h option.
-sseparator
Separate columns by the single character separator instead
of by the appropriate number of spaces (default for
separator is a tab). Prevents truncation of lines on
multicolumn output unless -w is specified.
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EXAMPLES
$ pr listing
Prints the file named "listing" on the standard output. Output
is paginated, and each page has a heading consisting of the time
and date.
$ pr -2 -h users personnel
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pr(1)
Prints the contents of the file "personnel" in two columns on
standard output. Each page has a header consisting of the time
and date, the word "users," and the page number.
$ pr -t -5 listing | pr -t -e > lists.column
Formats the file "listing" in five columns without including a
header and trailer. The second pr command expands tabs that are
in the file to eight character columns.
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FILES
/dev/tty* to delay messages enabling them to print at the bottom
of files rather than interspersed throughout printed
output.
SEE ALSO
cat(1), pg(1).
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