Searches one or more files for the specified strings and displays
   those lines containing those strings.

   Format

     SEARCH  filespec[,...] search-string[,...]

Additional information available:

PARAMETERSQUALIFIERS

Examples

filespec[,...]
   Specifies one or more files to be searched. You must specify
   at least one file name. If you specify more than one file name,
   separate them with commas (,).

   Wildcard characters are allowed in the file specification.

search-string[,...]
   Specifies the character string to be located in the specified
   files. Enclose strings containing lowercase letters, blanks, or
   other nonalphanumeric characters (including spaces) in quotation
   marks (" ").

   You can use the /MATCH and /EXACT qualifiers to alter the way that
   SEARCH matches search strings.

Additional information available:

/BACKUP/BEFORE/BY_OWNER/CONFIRM/CREATED/EXACT
/EXCLUDE/EXPIRED/FORMAT/HEADING/HIGHLIGHT/LOG
/MATCH/MODIFIED/NUMBERS/OUTPUT/REMAINING/SINCE
/STATISTICS/WINDOW

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
   qualifier. The /BACKUP qualifier selects files according to the
   dates of their most recent backups. This qualifier is incompatible
   with the following qualifiers that also allow you to select files
   according to time attributes: /CREATED, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED.
   If you specify none of these four time qualifiers, the default is
   the /CREATED qualifier.

      /BEFORE[=time]

   Selects only those files dated prior to the specified time.
   You can specify time as an absolute time, as a combination of
   absolute and delta times, or as one of the following keywords:
   TODAY (default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of the
   following qualifiers with the /BEFORE qualifier to indicate the
   time attribute to be used as the basis for selection: /BACKUP,
   /CREATED (default), /EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.

   For complete information on specifying time values, see the VMS
   DCL Concepts Manual.

      /BY_OWNER[=uic]

   Selects only those files whose owner user identification code
   (UIC) matches the specified owner UIC. The default UIC is that of
   the current process.

   Specify the UIC by using standard UIC format as described in the
   VMS DCL Concepts Manual.

      /CONFIRM
      /NOCONFIRM (default)

   Controls whether a request is issued before each search operation
   to confirm that the operation should be performed on that file.
   The following responses are valid:

   YES       NO        QUIT

   TRUE      FALSE     Ctrl/Z

   1         0         ALL

             <Return>

   You can use any combination of uppercase and lowercase letters
   for word responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or
   more letters (for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE), but these
   abbreviations must be unique. Affirmative answers are YES, TRUE,
   and 1. Negative answers include: NO, FALSE, 0, and pressing
   the Return key. Entering QUIT or pressing Ctrl/Z indicates that
   you want to stop processing the command at that point. When you
   respond by entering ALL, the command continues to process, but no
   further prompts are given. If you type a response other than one
   of those in the list, DCL issues an error message and redisplays
   the prompt.

      /CREATED (default)

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
   qualifier. The /CREATED qualifier selects files based on their
   dates of creation. This qualifier is incompatible with the
   following qualifiers that also allow you to select files according
   to time attributes: /BACKUP, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED. If you
   specify none of these four time qualifiers, the default is the
   /CREATED qualifier.

      /EXACT
      /NOEXACT (default)

   Controls whether the SEARCH command matches the search string
   exactly or treats uppercase and lowercase letters as equivalents.
   By default, SEARCH ignores case differences in letters.

   Specifying the /EXACT qualifier causes the system to use less CPU
   time. Therefore, if you are sure of the case of the letters in the
   string, it is more efficient to use the /EXACT qualifier.

      /EXCLUDE=(filespec[,...])

   Excludes the specified files from the search operation.
   You can include a directory but not a device in the file
   specification. Wildcard characters (* and %) are allowed in the
   file specification. However, you cannot use relative version
   numbers to exclude a specific version. If you specify only one
   file, you can omit the parentheses.

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
   qualifier. The /EXPIRED qualifier selects files according to their
   expiration dates. (The expiration date is set with the SET FILE
   /EXPIRATION_DATE command.) The /EXPIRED qualifier is incompatible
   with the following qualifiers that also allow you to select files
   according to time attributes: /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /MODIFIED. If
   you specify none of these four time qualifiers, the default is the
   /CREATED qualifier.

      /FORMAT=option

   Formats output in one of the following five ways:

   DUMP      Displays all control characters (including <HT>, <CR>,
             and <LF>) and nonprintable characters as ANSI mnemonics.

   NONULLS   Same as DUMP, but removes all null characters from the
             input file before reformatting. (In dump mode, the null
             character is displayed as <NUL>.) NONULLS is convenient
             when you are searching binary format files, such as EXE
             or OBJ files, that generally contain many zero bytes.

   NOFF      Replaces control characters in text with ANSI mnemonics
             (for example, Ctrl/C is replaced with <ETX>). The
             terminal formatting characters <HT>, <CR>, <LF>, <VT>
             are passed without change. Form feed characters are
             replaced with <FF>.

   PASSALL   Moves control and nonprintable characters to the output
             device without translating them. The terminal driver
             cannot send 8-bit characters to the terminal unless
             either SET TERMINAL/PASSALL or SET TERMINAL/EIGHT_BIT is
             already in effect.

             You can use /FORMAT=PASSALL whenever you do not want
             the SEARCH command to substitute the ANSI mnemonic for
             control characters (for example, <BEL> for Ctrl/G).

   TEXT      Replaces control characters in text with ANSI mnemonics
             (for example, Ctrl/C is replaced with <ETX>). The
             terminal formatting characters <HT>, <CR>, <LF>, <VT>,
             and <FF> are passed without change.

             TEXT is the default format.

      /HEADING (default)
      /NOHEADING

   Includes file names in the output file and displays a line of 30
   asterisks (*)  as a window separator between groups of lines that
   belong to different files. With the default heading format, file
   names are printed only when more than one file is specified or
   when wildcard characters are used.

   The /WINDOW qualifier displays a line of 15 asterisks separates
   each window within a file.

      /HIGHLIGHT
      /HIGHLIGHT(=option)
      /HIGHLIGHT=BOLD (default on ANSI video terminals with advanced
      video)
      /HIGHLIGHT=REVERSE (default on ANSI video terminals without
      advanced video)
      /NOHIGHLIGHT (default for all other output)

   Controls whether the actual strings that are matched are
   emphasized in the output. The emphasis, or highlighting, can be
   one of several options:

   BLINK            The matched strings are highlighted using the
                    ANSI blink character attribute (advanced video
                    only).

   BOLD             The matched strings are highlighted using the
                    ANSI bold character attribute (advanced video
                    only). If the /HIGHLIGHT qualifier is used
                    without an option, BOLD is assumed.

   REVERSE          The matched strings are highlighted with the
                    ANSI underline video attribute (possible without
                    advanced video).

   UNDERLINE        The matched strings are highlighted with the
                    ANSI underline video attribute (possible without
                    advanced video). Without the advanced video
                    option, either REVERSE or UNDERLINE will appear
                    depending on whether the cursor is selected as
                    block or underline. The two options REVERSE and
                    UNDERLINE have the same effect.

   HARDCOPY(=option)This specifies that the strings should be
                    highlighted in a manner suitable for most
                    hardcopy printers. Hardcopy highlighting has
                    two options: OVERSTRIKE and UNDERLINE. With
                    overstrike highlighting, matched strings are
                    double-printed, so that they appear darker.
                    The matched strings are underlined with the
                    underscore character.

                    Hardcopy printing is accomplished by adding a
                    carriage return and spacing back over the line
                    to overprint the string or underlines. Note
                    that this can as much as double the length of
                    the line, and perhaps lead to truncation if the
                    device buffer size is too small.

                    Digital recommends that you use
                    the /HIGHLIGHT=UNDERLINE qualifier with
                    the Digital LN01 printer instead of the
                    /HIGHLIGHT=HARDCOPY=UNDERLINE qualifier. The
                    LN01 printer ignores OVERSTRIKE highlighting.

                    Digital recommends that you use either the
                    /HIGHLIGHT=BOLD or the /HIGHLIGHT=UNDERLINE
                    qualifier with the Digital LN03 printer instead
                    of the /HIGHLIGHT=HARDCOPY=UNDERLINE qualifier.
                    The LN03 printer ignores OVERSTRIKE highlighting.

      /LOG
      /NOLOG (default)

   Outputs a message to the current SYS$OUTPUT device for each
   file searched. The message includes the file name, the number
   of records, and the number of matches for each file searched.

      /MATCH=option

   Interprets and matches multiple search strings in one of the
   following ways:

   AND      A match occurs only if the record contains all the
            strings.

   NOR      A match occurs only if the record contains none of the
            strings.

   NAND     A match occurs only if the record does not contain all of
            the strings.

   OR       A match occurs if the record contains any of the strings.

   When only one search string is specified, the OR and AND options
   produce identical results. Similarly, NOR and NAND produce
   identical results for a single search string.

   Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
   qualifier. The /MODIFIED qualifier selects files according to
   the dates on which they were last modified. This qualifier is
   incompatible with the following qualifiers that also allow you to
   select files according to time attributes: /BACKUP, /CREATED, and
   /EXPIRED. If you specify none of these four time modifiers, the
   default is the /CREATED qualifier.

      /NUMBERS
      /NONUMBERS (default)

   Controls whether the source line number is displayed at the left
   margin of each line in the output.

      /OUTPUT[=filespec]
      /NOOUTPUT

   Controls whether the results of the search are output to a
   specified file. The output is sent to the current default output
   device (SYS$OUTPUT) if you omit the /OUTPUT qualifier or omit the
   file specification with the qualifier. The /NOOUTPUT qualifier
   means that no matching records are output as a result of the
   SEARCH command.

      /REMAINING
      /NOREMAINING (default)

   Includes in the output all records from the first matched record
   to the end of the file. This qualifier overrides the value n2 in
   the /WINDOW qualifier, but allows the qualifier /WINDOW=n1.

      /SINCE[=time]

   Selects only those files dated after the specified time. You can
   specify time as an absolute time, a combination of absolute and
   delta times, or as one of the following keywords: TODAY (default),
   TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of the following qualifiers
   with the /SINCE qualifier to indicate the time attribute to be
   used as the basis for selection: /BACKUP, /CREATED (default),
   /EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.

   For complete information on specifying time values, see the VMS
   DCL Concepts Manual.

      /STATISTICS
      /NOSTATISTICS (default)

   Controls whether the following statistics about the search are
   displayed:

   o  Number of files searched

   o  Number of records searched

   o  Number of characters searched

   o  Number of records matched

   o  Number of lines printed

   o  Buffered I/O count

   o  Direct I/O count

   o  Number of page faults

   o  Elapsed CPU time

   o  Elapsed time

      /WINDOW[=(n1,n2)]
      /NOWINDOW (default)

   Specifies the number of lines to be displayed with the search
   string. If you specify n1 and n2, the /WINDOW qualifier displays
   n1 lines above the search string, the search string, and n2 lines
   below the search string. Either of these numbers can be zero.

   If you specify the /WINDOW qualifier without the values n1 and n2,
   two lines above the search string, the search string, and the two
   lines below the search string are included in the output.

   If you specify the /WINDOW qualifier with a single number (n1), n1
   specifies the number of lines to display including the search
   string. Half the lines precede the matched search string and
   half follow it. (If n1 is even, one line is added to the lines
   following the matched search string.)

   For example, if you specify /WINDOW=10, nine additional lines
   are listed along with the line containing the search string. Four
   lines are listed above the line containing the search string and
   five lines are listed below it, for a total of 10 lines.

   If you specify /WINDOW=0, the file name of each file containing
   a match (but no records) is included in the output. This
   specification creates a file (using the /OUTPUT qualifier) that
   can be inserted into a command file to manipulate the files
   containing matches.

   If you omit the /WINDOW qualifier, only the line containing a
   match is displayed.

   1.  $ SEARCH CABLE.MEM,JOYNER.MEM "MANUAL TITLE"

     This command searches the files CABLE.MEM and JOYNER.MEM for
     occurrences of the character string MANUAL TITLE. Each line
     containing the string is displayed at the terminal. It is
     necessary to enclose the string in quotation marks because
     it contains a space character.

   2.  $ SEARCH/OUTPUT=RESULTS.DAT/WINDOW=9 DISLIST.MEM NAME

     The SEARCH command searches the file DISLIST.MEM for
     occurrences of the character string NAME and sends the output
     to the file RESULTS.DAT. The four lines preceding and following
     each occurrence of NAME are included in the output.


   3.  $ SEARCH/OUTPUT=ALLSUB.COM/WINDOW=5000 *.COM SUBMIT

     The SEARCH command searches all command files in the current
     directory for the string SUBMIT. If a match is found, SEARCH
     effectively copies the entire command file to the output file,
     because the window is so large.

   4.  $ SEARCH/OUTPUT=COLUMBUS.OH/WINDOW=(3,0)/NOHEAD/MATCH=AND -
       _$ *.DAT COLUMBUS,OH

     The SEARCH command searches all files of type DAT for lines
     containing both COLUMBUS and OH. When a match is found, the
     three previous lines (containing blank line, name, and street
     address) are copied to the new file. The new file COLUMBUS.OH
     is ready to use, because it does not contain headings and
     window separators.


   5.  $SEARCH/OUTPUT=SWAP.LIS/FORMAT=PASSALL/NUMBERS/EXACT -
       _$ /WINDOW=10000 SWAP.PAS SWAP

     This SEARCH command produces a listing file with the line
     numbers at the left margin. The /FORMAT=PASSALL qualifier is
     specified so that form-feed characters in the source are passed
     through. The /EXACT qualifier is specified for efficiency
     (because it is known that the name SWAP in the program
     statement is always in uppercase). The /WINDOW qualifier is
     entered so that the entire file is copied to the output file
     SWAP.LIS.

   6.  $ SEARCH/REMAINING CABLE.LOG FORTRAN

     The SEARCH command displays all the lines in the CABLE.LOG file
     that follow the first occurrence of the string FORTRAN.


   7.  $ SEARCH OMAHA::DISK1:[EXP]SUB.DAT,DATA.LIS VAX

     The SEARCH command searches through the files SUB.DAT and
     DATA.LIS at remote node OMAHA for all occurrences of the string
     VAX. The list of all records containing the string VAX is
     displayed at the local terminal.