named(1M) MISC. REFERENCE MANUAL PAGES named(1M)
NAME
named, in.named - Internet domain name server
SYNOPSIS
in.named [ -d level ] [ -p port ] [[ -b ] bootfile ]
DESCRIPTION
named is the Internet domain name server. It is used by
hosts on the Internet to provide access to the Internet dis-
tributed naming database. See RFC 1034 and RFC 1035 for
more details. With no arguments named reads /etc/named.boot
for any initial data, and listens for queries on a
privileged port.
The following options are available:
-d level
Print debugging information. level is a number indi-
cating the level of messages printed.
-p port
Use a different port number.
-b bootfile
Use bootfile rather than /etc/named.boot.
EXAMPLE
;
; boot file for name server
;
; type domain source file or host
;
domain berkeley.edu
primary berkeley.edu named.db
secondary cc.berkeley.edu 10.2.0.78 128.32.0.10
cache . named.ca
The domain line specifies that berkeley.edu is the domain of
the given server.
The primary line states that the file named.db contains
authoritative data for berkeley.edu. The file named.db con-
tains data in the master file format, described in RFC 1035,
except that all domain names are relative to the origin; in
this case, berkeley.edu (see below for a more detailed
description).
The secondary line specifies that all authoritative data
under cc.berkeley.edu is to be transferred from the name
server at 10.2.0.78. If the transfer fails it will try
128.32.0.10, and continue for up to 10 tries at that
address. The secondary copy is also authoritative for the
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domain.
The cache line specifies that data in named.ca is to be
placed in the cache (typically such data as the locations of
root domain servers). The file named.ca is in the same for-
mat as named.db.
The master file consists of entries of the form:
$INCLUDE < filename >
$ORIGIN < domain >
< domain > < opt_ttl > < opt_class > < type > <
resource_record_data >
where domain is . for the root, @ for the current origin,
or a standard domain name. If domain is a standard domain
name that does not end with the current origin is appended
to the domain. Domain names ending with are unmodified.
The opt_ttl field is an optional integer number for the
time-to-live field. It defaults to zero.
The opt_class field is currently one token, IN for the
Internet.
The type field is one of the following tokens; the data
expected in the resource_record_data field is in
parentheses.
A A host address (dotted quad).
NS An authoritative name server
(domain).
MX A mail exchanger (domain).
CNAME The canonical name for an alias
(domain).
SOA Marks the start of a zone of
authority (5 numbers). See RFC
1035.
MB A mailbox domain name (domain).
MG A mail group member (domain).
MR A mail rename domain name (domain).
NULL A null resource record (no format
or data).
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WKS A well know service description
(not implemented yet).
PTR A domain name pointer (domain).
HINFO Host information (cpu_type
OS_type).
MINFO Mailbox or mail list information
(request_domain error_domain).
FILES
/etc/named.boot name server configuration boot
file
/etc/named.pid the process ID
/var/tmp/named.run debug output
/var/tmp/nameddump.db dump of the name servers data-
base
SEE ALSO
kill(1), signal(3), resolver(3N), resolve.conf(4).
Mockapetris, Paul, Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities,
RFC 1034, Network Information Center, SRI International,
Menlo Park, Calif., November 1987.
Mockapetris, Paul, Domain Names - Implementation and Specif-
ication, RFC 1035, Network Information Center, SRI Interna-
tional, Menlo Park, Calif., November 1987.
Mockapetris, Paul, Domain System Changes and Observations,
RFC 973, Network Information Center, SRI International,
Menlo Park, Calif., January 1986.
Partridge, Craig, Mail Routing and the Domain System, RFC
974, Network Information Center, SRI International, Menlo
Park, Calif., January 1986.
NOTES
The following signals have the specified effect when sent to
the server process using the kill(1) command.
SIGHUP Reads /etc/named.boot and reloads data-
base.
SIGINT Dumps the current database and cache to
/var/tmp/nameddump.db.
SIGUSR1 Turns on debugging; each subsequent
SIGUSR1 increments debug level.
SIGUSR2 Turns off debugging completely.
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