XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
NAME
xterm - terminal emulator for X
SYNOPSIS
xterm [-toolkitoption ...] [-option ...]
DESCRIPTION
The xterm program is a terminal emulator for the X Window
System. It provides DEC VT102 and Tektronix 4014 compati-
ble terminals for programs that can't use the window sys-
tem directly. If the underlying operating system supports
terminal resizing capabilities (for example, the SIGWINCH
signal in systems derived from 4.3bsd), xterm will use the
facilities to notify programs running in the window when-
ever it is resized.
The VT102 and Tektronix 4014 terminals each have their own
window so that you can edit text in one and look at graph-
ics in the other at the same time. To maintain the cor-
rect aspect ratio (height/width), Tektronix graphics will
be restricted to the largest box with a 4014's aspect
ratio that will fit in the window. This box is located in
the upper left area of the window.
Although both windows may be displayed at the same time,
one of them is considered the ``active'' window for
receiving keyboard input and terminal output. This is the
window that contains the text cursor. The active window
can be chosen through escape sequences, the ``VT Options''
menu in the VT102 window, and the ``Tek Options'' menu in
the 4014 window.
EMULATIONS
The VT102 emulation is fairly complete, but does not sup-
port the blinking character attribute nor the double-wide
and double-size character sets. Termcap(5) entries that
work with xterm include ``xterm,'' ``vt102,'' ``vt100''
and ``ansi,'' and xterm automatically searches the termcap
file in this order for these entries and then sets the
``TERM'' and the ``TERMCAP'' environment variables.
Many of the special xterm features (like logging) may be
modified under program control through a set of escape
sequences different from the standard VT102 escape
sequences. (See the Xterm Control Sequences document.)
The Tektronix 4014 emulation is also fairly good. Four
different font sizes and five different lines types are
supported. The Tektronix text and graphics commands are
recorded internally by xterm and may be written to a file
by sending the COPY escape sequence (or through the Tek-
tronix menu; see below). The name of the file will be
``COPYyy-MM-dd.hh:mm:ss'', where yy, MM, dd, hh, mm and ss
are the year, month, day, hour, minute and second when the
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COPY was performed (the file is created in the directory
xterm is started in, or the home directory for a login
xterm).
OTHER FEATURES
Xterm automatically highlights the text cursor when the
pointer enters the window (selected) and unhighlights it
when the pointer leaves the window (unselected). If the
window is the focus window, then the text cursor is high-
lighted no matter where the pointer is.
In VT102 mode, there are escape sequences to activate and
deactivate an alternate screen buffer, which is the same
size as the display area of the window. When activated,
the current screen is saved and replaced with the alter-
nate screen. Saving of lines scrolled off the top of the
window is disabled until the normal screen is restored.
The termcap(5) entry for xterm allows the visual editor
vi(1) to switch to the alternate screen for editing and to
restore the screen on exit.
In either VT102 or Tektronix mode, there are escape
sequences to change the name of the windows and to specify
a new log file name. See Xterm Control Sequences for
details. Enabling the escape sequence to change the log
file name is a compile-time option; by default this escape
sequence is ignored for security reasons.
OPTIONS
The xterm terminal emulator accepts all of the standard X
Toolkit command line options as well as the following (if
the option begins with a `+' instead of a `-', the option
is restored to its default value):
-help This causes xterm to print out a verbose message
describing its options.
-132 Normally, the VT102 DECCOLM escape sequence that
switches between 80 and 132 column mode is
ignored. This option causes the DECCOLM escape
sequence to be recognized, and the xterm window
will resize appropriately.
-ah This option indicates that xterm should always
highlight the text cursor. By default, xterm will
display a hollow text cursor whenever the focus is
lost or the pointer leaves the window.
+ah This option indicates that xterm should do text
cursor highlighting based on focus.
-b number
This option specifies the size of the inner border
(the distance between the outer edge of the
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characters and the window border) in pixels. The
default is 2.
-cb Set the vt100 resource cutToBeginningOfLine to
FALSE.
+cb Set the vt100 resource cutToBeginningOfLine to
TRUE.
-cc characterclassrange:value[,...]
This sets classes indicated by the given ranges
for using in selecting by words. See the section
specifying character classes.
-cn This option indicates that newlines should not be
cut in line-mode selections.
+cn This option indicates that newlines should be cut
in line-mode selections.
-cr color
This option specifies the color to use for text
cursor. The default is to use the same foreground
color that is used for text.
-cu This option indicates that xterm should work
around a bug in the curses(3x) cursor motion pack-
age that causes the more(1) program to display
lines that are exactly the width of the window and
are followed by a line beginning with a tab to be
displayed incorrectly (the leading tabs are not
displayed).
+cu This option indicates that that xterm should not
work around the curses(3x) bug mentioned above.
-e program ...]
This option specifies the program (and its command
line arguments) to be run in the xterm window. It
also sets the window title and icon name to be the
basename of the program being executed if neither
-T nor -n are given on the command line. This
must be the last option on the command line.
-fb font
This option specifies a font to be used when dis-
playing bold text. This font must be the same
height and width as the normal font. If only one
of the normal or bold fonts is specified, it will
be used as the normal font and the bold font will
be produced by overstriking this font. The
default is to do overstriking of the normal font.
-im Turn on the useInsertMode resource.
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+im Turn off the useInsertMode resource.
-j This option indicates that xterm should do jump
scrolling. Normally, text is scrolled one line at
a time; this option allows xterm to move multiple
lines at a time so that it doesn't fall as far
behind. Its use is strongly recommended since it
make xterm much faster when scanning through large
amounts of text. The VT100 escape sequences for
enabling and disabling smooth scroll as well as
the ``VT Options'' menu can be used to turn this
feature on or off.
+j This option indicates that xterm should not do
jump scrolling.
-l This option indicates that xterm should send all
terminal output to a log file as well as to the
screen. This option can be enabled or disabled
using the ``VT Options'' menu.
+l This option indicates that xterm should not do
logging.
-lf filename
This option specifies the name of the file to
which the output log described above is written.
If file begins with a pipe symbol (|), the rest of
the string is assumed to be a command to be used
as the endpoint of a pipe. The ability to log to
a pipe is a compile-time option which is disabled
by default for security reasons. The default
filename is ``XtermLog.XXXXX'' (where XXXXX is the
process id of xterm) and is created in the direc-
tory from which xterm was started (or the user's
home directory in the case of a login window).
-ls This option indicates that the shell that is
started in the xterm window be a login shell (i.e.
the first character of argv[0] will be a dash,
indicating to the shell that it should read the
user's .login or .profile).
+ls This option indicates that the shell that is
started should not be a login shell (i.e. it will
be a normal ``subshell'').
-mb This option indicates that xterm should ring a
margin bell when the user types near the right end
of a line. This option can be turned on and off
from the ``VT Options'' menu.
+mb This option indicates that margin bell should not
be rung.
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-mc milliseconds
This option specifies the maximum time between
multi-click selections.
-ms color
This option specifies the color to be used for the
pointer cursor. The default is to use the fore-
ground color.
-nb number
This option specifies the number of characters
from the right end of a line at which the margin
bell, if enabled, will ring. The default is 10.
-rw This option indicates that reverse-wraparound
should be allowed. This allows the cursor to back
up from the leftmost column of one line to the
rightmost column of the previous line. This is
very useful for editing long shell command lines
and is encouraged. This option can be turned on
and off from the ``VT Options'' menu.
+rw This option indicates that reverse-wraparound
should not be allowed.
-aw This option indicates that auto-wraparound should
be allowed. This allows the cursor to automati-
cally wrap to the beginning of the next line when
when it is at the rightmost position of a line and
text is output.
+aw This option indicates that auto-wraparound should
not be allowed.
-s This option indicates that xterm may scroll asyn-
chronously, meaning that the screen does not have
to be kept completely up to date while scrolling.
This allows xterm to run faster when network
latencies are very high and is typically useful
when running across a very large internet or many
gateways.
+s This option indicates that xterm should scroll
synchronously.
-sb This option indicates that some number of lines
that are scrolled off the top of the window should
be saved and that a scrollbar should be displayed
so that those lines can be viewed. This option
may be turned on and off from the ``VT Options''
menu.
+sb This option indicates that a scrollbar should not
be displayed.
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-sf This option indicates that Sun Function Key escape
codes should be generated for function keys.
+sf This option indicates that the standard escape
codes should be generated for function keys.
-si This option indicates that output to a window
should not automatically reposition the screen to
the bottom of the scrolling region. This option
can be turned on and off from the ``VT Options''
menu.
+si This option indicates that output to a window
should cause it to scroll to the bottom.
-sk This option indicates that pressing a key while
using the scrollbar to review previous lines of
text should cause the window to be repositioned
automatically in the normal position at the bottom
of the scroll region.
+sk This option indicates that pressing a key while
using the scrollbar should not cause the window to
be repositioned.
-sl number
This option specifies the number of lines to save
that have been scrolled off the top of the screen.
The default is 64.
-t This option indicates that xterm should start in
Tektronix mode, rather than in VT102 mode.
Switching between the two windows is done using
the ``Options'' menus.
+t This option indicates that xterm should start in
VT102 mode.
-tm string
This option specifies a series of terminal setting
keywords followed by the characters that should be
bound to those functions, similar to the stty pro-
gram. Allowable keywords include: intr, quit,
erase, kill, eof, eol, swtch, start, stop, brk,
susp, dsusp, rprnt, flush, weras, and lnext. Con-
trol characters may be specified as ^char (e.g. ^c
or ^u) and ^? may be used to indicate delete.
-tn name
This option specifies the name of the terminal
type to be set in the TERM environment variable.
This terminal type must exist in the termcap(5)
database and should have li# and co# entries.
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-ut This option indicates that xterm shouldn't write a
record into the the system log file /etc/utmp.
+ut This option indicates that xterm should write a
record into the system log file /etc/utmp.
-vb This option indicates that a visual bell is pre-
ferred over an audible one. Instead of ringing
the terminal bell whenever a Control-G is
received, the window will be flashed.
+vb This option indicates that a visual bell should
not be used.
-wf This option indicates that xterm should wait for
the window to be mapped the first time before
starting the subprocess so that the initial termi-
nal size settings and environment variables are
correct. It is the application's responsibility
to catch subsequent terminal size changes.
+wf This option indicates that xterm show not wait
before starting the subprocess.
-C This option indicates that this window should
receive console output. This is not supported on
all systems. To obtain console output, you must
be the owner of the console device, and you must
have read and write permission for it. If you are
running X under xdm on the console screen you may
need to have the session startup and reset pro-
grams explicitly change the ownership of the con-
sole device in order to get this option to work.
-Sccn This option specifies the last two letters of the
name of a pseudoterminal to use in slave mode,
plus the number of the inherited file descriptor.
The option is parsed ``%c%c%d''. This allows
xterm to be used as an input and output channel
for an existing program and is sometimes used in
specialized applications.
The following command line arguments are provided for com-
patibility with older versions. They may not be supported
in the next release as the X Toolkit provides standard
options that accomplish the same task.
%geom This option specifies the preferred size and posi-
tion of the Tektronix window. It is shorthand for
specifying the ``*tekGeometry'' resource.
#geom This option specifies the preferred position of
the icon window. It is shorthand for specifying
the ``*iconGeometry'' resource.
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-T string
This option specifies the title for xterm's win-
dows. It is equivalent to -title.
-n string
This option specifies the icon name for xterm's
windows. It is shorthand for specifying the
``*iconName'' resource. Note that this is not the
same as the toolkit option -name (see below). The
default icon name is the application name.
-r This option indicates that reverse video should be
simulated by swapping the foreground and back-
ground colors. It is equivalent to -rv.
-w number
This option specifies the width in pixels of the
border surrounding the window. It is equivalent
to -borderwidth or -bw.
The following standard X Toolkit command line arguments
are commonly used with xterm:
-bg color
This option specifies the color to use for the
background of the window. The default is
``white.''
-bd color
This option specifies the color to use for the
border of the window. The default is ``black.''
-bw number
This option specifies the width in pixels of the
border surrounding the window.
-fg color
This option specifies the color to use for dis-
playing text. The default is ``black.''
-fn font
This option specifies the font to be used for dis-
playing normal text. The default is fixed.
-name name
This option specifies the application name under
which resources are to be obtained, rather than
the default executable file name. Name should not
contain ``.'' or ``*'' characters.
-title string
This option specifies the window title string,
which may be displayed by window managers if the
user so chooses. The default title is the command
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line specified after the -e option, if any, other-
wise the application name.
-rv This option indicates that reverse video should be
simulated by swapping the foreground and back-
ground colors.
-geometry geometry
This option specifies the preferred size and posi-
tion of the VT102 window; see X(1).
-display display
This option specifies the X server to contact; see
X(1).
-xrm resourcestring
This option specifies a resource string to be
used. This is especially useful for setting
resources that do not have separate command line
options.
-iconic This option indicates that xterm should ask the
window manager to start it as an icon rather than
as the normal window.
RESOURCES
The program understands all of the core X Toolkit resource
names and classes as well as:
iconGeometry (class IconGeometry)
Specifies the preferred size and position of the
application when iconified. It is not necessarily
obeyed by all window managers.
iconName (class IconName)
Specifies the icon name. The default is the
application name.
termName (class TermName)
Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the
TERM environment variable.
title (class Title)
Specifies a string that may be used by the window
manager when displaying this application.
ttyModes (class TtyModes)
Specifies a string containing terminal setting
keywords and the characters to which they may be
bound. Allowable keywords include: intr, quit,
erase, kill, eof, eol, swtch, start, stop, brk,
susp, dsusp, rprnt, flush, weras, and lnext. Con-
trol characters may be specified as ^char (e.g. ^c
or ^u) and ^? may be used to indicate Delete.
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This is very useful for overriding the default
terminal settings without having to do an stty
every time an xterm is started.
useInsertMode (class UseInsertMode)
Force use of insert mode by adding appropriate
entries to the TERMCAP environment variable. This
is useful if the system termcap is broken. The
default is ``false.''
utmpInhibit (class UtmpInhibit)
Specifies whether or not xterm should try to
record the user's terminal in /etc/utmp.
sunFunctionKeys (class SunFunctionKeys)
Specifies whether or not Sun Function Key escape
codes should be generated for function keys
instead of standard escape sequences.
waitForMap (class WaitForMap)
Specifies whether or not xterm should wait for the
initial window map before starting the subprocess.
The default is ``false.''
The following resources are specified as part of the vt100
widget (class VT100):
allowSendEvents (class AllowSendEvents)
Specifies whether or not synthetic key and button
events (generated using the X protocol SendEvent
request) should be interpreted or discarded. The
default is ``false'' meaning they are discarded.
Note that allowing such events creates a very
large security hole.
alwaysHighlight (class AlwaysHighlight)
Specifies whether or not xterm should always dis-
play a highlighted text cursor. By default, a
hollow text cursor is displayed whenever the
pointer moves out of the window or the window
loses the input focus.
appcursorDefault (class AppcursorDefault)
If ``true,'' the cursor keys are initially in
application mode. The default is ``false.''
appkeypadDefault (class AppkeypadDefault)
If ``true,'' the keypad keys are initially in
application mode. The default is ``false.''
autoWrap (class AutoWrap)
Specifies whether or not auto-wraparound should be
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enabled. The default is ``true.''
bellSuppressTime (class BellSuppressTime)
Number of milliseconds after a bell command is
sent during which additional bells will be sup-
pressed. Default is 200. If set non-zero, addi-
tional bells will also be suppressed until the
server reports that processing of the first bell
has been completed; this feature is most useful
with the visible bell.
boldFont (class BoldFont)
Specifies the name of the bold font to use instead
of overstriking.
c132 (class C132)
Specifies whether or not the VT102 DECCOLM escape
sequence should be honored. The default is
``false.''
cutNewline (class CutNewline)
If false, triple clicking to select a line does
not include the Newline at the end of the line.
If true, the Newline is selected. The default is
``true.''
cutToBeginningOfLine (class CutToBeginningOfLine)
If false, triple clicking to select a line selects
only from the current word forward. If true, the
entire line is selected. The default is ``true.''
charClass (class CharClass)
Specifies comma-separated lists of character class
bindings of the form high:value. These are used
in determining which sets of characters should be
treated the same when doing cut and paste. See
the section on specifying character classes.
curses (class Curses)
Specifies whether or not the last column bug in
curses(3x) should be worked around. The default
is ``false.''
background (class Background)
Specifies the color to use for the background of
the window. The default is ``white.''
foreground (class Foreground)
Specifies the color to use for displaying text in
the window. Setting the class name instead of the
instance name is an easy way to have everything
that would normally appear in the text color
change color. The default is ``black.''
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cursorColor (class Foreground)
Specifies the color to use for the text cursor.
The default is ``black.''
eightBitInput (class EightBitInput)
If true, Meta characters input from the keyboard
are presented as a single character with the
eighth bit turned on. If false, Meta characters
are converted into a two-character sequence with
the character itself preceded by ESC. The default
is ``true.''
eightBitOutput (class EightBitOutput)
Specifies whether or not eight-bit characters sent
from the host should be accepted as is or stripped
when printed. The default is ``true.''
font (class Font)
Specifies the name of the normal font. The
default is ``fixed.''
font1 (class Font1)
Specifies the name of the first alternative font.
font2 (class Font2)
Specifies the name of the second alternative font.
font3 (class Font3)
Specifies the name of the third alternative font.
font4 (class Font4)
Specifies the name of the fourth alternative font.
font5 (class Font5)
Specifies the name of the fifth alternative font.
font6 (class Font6)
Specifies the name of the sixth alternative font.
geometry (class Geometry)
Specifies the preferred size and position of the
VT102 window.
internalBorder (class BorderWidth)
Specifies the number of pixels between the charac-
ters and the window border. The default is 2.
jumpScroll (class JumpScroll)
Specifies whether or not jump scroll should be
used. The default is ``true.''
logFile (class Logfile)
Specifies the name of the file to which a terminal
session is logged. The default is
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``XtermLog.XXXXX'' (where XXXXX is the process id
of xterm).
logging (class Logging)
Specifies whether or not a terminal session should
be logged. The default is ``false.''
logInhibit (class LogInhibit)
Specifies whether or not terminal session logging
should be inhibited. The default is ``false.''
loginShell (class LoginShell)
Specifies whether or not the shell to be run in
the window should be started as a login shell.
The default is ``false.''
marginBell (class MarginBell)
Specifies whether or not the bell should be run
when the user types near the right margin. The
default is ``false.''
multiClickTime (class MultiClickTime)
Specifies the maximum time in milliseconds between
multi-click select events. The default is 250
milliseconds.
multiScroll (class MultiScroll)
Specifies whether or not scrolling should be done
asynchronously. The default is ``false.''
nMarginBell (class Column)
Specifies the number of characters from the right
margin at which the margin bell should be rung,
when enabled.
pointerColor (class Foreground)
Specifies the foreground color of the pointer.
The default is ``XtDefaultForeground.''
pointerColorBackground (class Background)
Specifies the background color of the pointer.
The default is ``XtDefaultBackground.''
pointerShape (class Cursor)
Specifies the name of the shape of the pointer.
The default is ``xterm.''
resizeGravity (class ResizeGravity)
Affects the behavior when the window is resized to
be taller or shorter. NorthWest specifies that
the top line of text on the screen stay fixed. If
the window is made shorter, lines are dropped from
the bottom; if the window is made taller, blank
lines are added at the bottom. This is compatible
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with the behavior in R4. SouthWest (the default)
specifies that the bottom line of text on the
screen stay fixed. If the window is made taller,
additional saved lines will be scrolled down onto
the screen; if the window is made shorter, lines
will be scrolled off the top of the screen, and
the top saved lines will be dropped.
reverseVideo (class ReverseVideo)
Specifies whether or not reverse video should be
simulated. The default is ``false.''
reverseWrap (class ReverseWrap)
Specifies whether or not reverse-wraparound should
be enabled. The default is ``false.''
saveLines (class SaveLines)
Specifies the number of lines to save beyond the
top of the screen when a scrollbar is turned on.
The default is 64.
scrollBar (class ScrollBar)
Specifies whether or not the scrollbar should be
displayed. The default is ``false.''
scrollTtyOutput (class ScrollCond)
Specifies whether or not output to the terminal
should automatically cause the scrollbar to go to
the bottom of the scrolling region. The default
is ``true.''
scrollKey (class ScrollCond)
Specifies whether or not pressing a key should
automatically cause the scrollbar to go to the
bottom of the scrolling region. The default is
``false.''
scrollLines (class ScrollLines)
Specifies the number of lines that the scroll-back
and scroll-forw actions should use as a default.
The default value is 1.
signalInhibit (class SignalInhibit)
Specifies whether or not the entries in the ``Main
Options'' menu for sending signals to xterm should
be disallowed. The default is ``false.''
tekGeometry (class Geometry)
Specifies the preferred size and position of the
Tektronix window.
tekInhibit (class TekInhibit)
Specifies whether or not Tektronix mode should be
disallowed. The default is ``false.''
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tekSmall (class TekSmall)
Specifies whether or not the Tektronix mode window
should start in its smallest size if no explicit
geometry is given. This is useful when running
xterm on displays with small screens. The default
is ``false.''
tekStartup (class TekStartup)
Specifies whether or not xterm should start up in
Tektronix mode. The default is ``false.''
titeInhibit (class TiteInhibit)
Specifies whether or not xterm should remove
remove ti and te termcap entries (used to switch
between alternate screens on startup of many
screen-oriented programs) from the TERMCAP string.
If set, xterm also ignores the escape sequence to
switch to the alternate screen.
translations (class Translations)
Specifies the key and button bindings for menus,
selections, ``programmed strings,'' etc. See
ACTIONS below.
visualBell (class VisualBell)
Specifies whether or not a visible bell (i.e.
flashing) should be used instead of an audible
bell when Control-G is received. The default is
``false.''
The following resources are specified as part of the
tek4014 widget (class Tek4014):
width (class Width)
Specifies the width of the Tektronix window in
pixels.
height (class Height)
Specifies the height of the Tektronix window in
pixels.
fontLarge (class Font)
Specifies the large font to use in the Tektronix
window.
font2 (class Font)
Specifies font number 2 to use in the Tektronix
window.
font3 (class Font)
Specifies font number 3 to use in the Tektronix
window.
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fontSmall (class Font)
Specifies the small font to use in the Tektronix
window.
initialFont (class InitialFont)
Specifies which of the four Tektronix fonts to use
initially. Values are the same as for the set-
tek-text action. The default is ``large.''
ginTerminator (class GinTerminator)
Specifies what character(s) should follow a GIN
report or status report. The possibilities are
``none,'' which sends no terminating characters,
``CRonly,'' which sends CR, and ``CR&EOT,'' which
sends both CR and EOT. The default is ``none.''
The resources that may be specified for the various menus
are described in the documentation for the Athena Simple-
Menu widget. The name and classes of the entries in each
of the menus are listed below.
The mainMenu has the following entries:
securekbd (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the secure() action.
allowsends (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the allow-send-events(toggle)
action.
logging (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-logging(toggle) action.
redraw (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the redraw() action.
line1 (class SmeLine)
This is a separator.
suspend (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the send-signal(tstp) action on
systems that support job control.
continue (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the send-signal(cont) action on
systems that support job control.
interrupt (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the send-signal(int) action.
hangup (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the send-signal(hup) action.
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terminate (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the send-signal(term) action.
kill (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the send-signal(kill) action.
line2 (class SmeLine)
This is a separator.
quit (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the quit() action.
The vtMenu has the following entries:
scrollbar (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-scrollbar(toggle)
action.
jumpscroll (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-jumpscroll(toggle)
action.
reversevideo (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-reverse-video(toggle)
action.
autowrap (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-autowrap(toggle)
action.
reversewrap (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-reversewrap(toggle)
action.
autolinefeed (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-autolinefeed(toggle)
action.
appcursor (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-appcursor(toggle)
action.
appkeypad (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-appkeypad(toggle)
action.
scrollkey (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-scroll-on-key(toggle)
action.
scrollttyoutput (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-scroll-on-tty-
output(toggle) action.
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
allow132 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-allow132(toggle)
action.
cursesemul (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-cursesemul(toggle)
action.
visualbell (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-visualbell(toggle)
action.
marginbell (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-marginbell(toggle)
action.
altscreen (class SmeBSB)
This entry is currently disabled.
line1 (class SmeLine)
This is a separator.
softreset (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the soft-reset() action.
hardreset (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the hard-reset() action.
clearsavedlines (class SmeBSB)"
This entry invokes the clear-saved-lines() action.
line2 (class SmeLine)
This is a separator.
tekshow (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-visibility(tek,toggle)
action.
tekmode (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-terminal-type(tek)
action.
vthide (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-visibility(vt,off)
action.
The fontMenu has the following entries:
fontdefault (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(d) action.
font1 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(1) action.
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
font2 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(2) action.
font3 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(3) action.
font4 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(4) action.
font5 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(5) action.
font6 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(6) action.
fontescape (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(e) action.
fontsel (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-vt-font(s) action.
The tekMenu has the following entries:
tektextlarge (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-tek-text(l) action.
tektext2 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-tek-text(2) action.
tektext3 (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-tek-text(3) action.
tektextsmall (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-tek-text(s) action.
line1 (class SmeLine)
This is a separator.
tekpage (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the tek-page() action.
tekreset (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the tek-reset() action.
tekcopy (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the tek-copy() action.
line2 (class SmeLine)
This is a separator.
vtshow (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-visibility(vt,toggle)
action.
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
vtmode (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-terminal-type(vt)
action.
tekhide (class SmeBSB)
This entry invokes the set-visibility(tek,toggle)
action.
The following resources are useful when specified for the
Athena Scrollbar widget:
thickness (class Thickness)
Specifies the width in pixels of the scrollbar.
background (class Background)
Specifies the color to use for the background of
the scrollbar.
foreground (class Foreground)
Specifies the color to use for the foreground of
the scrollbar. The ``thumb'' of the scrollbar is
a simple checkerboard pattern alternating pixels
for foreground and background color.
POINTER USAGE
Once the VT102 window is created, xterm allows you to
select text and copy it within the same or other windows.
The selection functions are invoked when the pointer but-
tons are used with no modifiers, and when they are used
with the ``shift'' key. The assignment of the functions
described below to keys and buttons may be changed through
the resource database; see ACTIONS below.
Pointer button one (usually left) is used to save text
into the cut buffer. Move the cursor to beginning of the
text, and then hold the button down while moving the cur-
sor to the end of the region and releasing the button.
The selected text is highlighted and is saved in the
global cut buffer and made the PRIMARY selection when the
button is released. Double-clicking selects by words.
Triple-clicking selects by lines. Quadruple-clicking goes
back to characters, etc. Multiple-click is determined by
the time from button up to button down, so you can change
the selection unit in the middle of a selection. If the
key/button bindings specify that an X selection is to be
made, xterm will leave the selected text highlighted for
as long as it is the selection owner.
Pointer button two (usually middle) `types' (pastes) the
text from the PRIMARY selection, if any, otherwise from
the cut buffer, inserting it as keyboard input.
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
Pointer button three (usually right) extends the current
selection. (Without loss of generality, you can swap
``right'' and ``left'' everywhere in the rest of this
paragraph.) If pressed while closer to the right edge of
the selection than the left, it extends/contracts the
right edge of the selection. If you contract the selec-
tion past the left edge of the selection, xterm assumes
you really meant the left edge, restores the original
selection, then extends/contracts the left edge of the
selection. Extension starts in the selection unit mode
that the last selection or extension was performed in; you
can multiple-click to cycle through them.
By cutting and pasting pieces of text without trailing new
lines, you can take text from several places in different
windows and form a command to the shell, for example, or
take output from a program and insert it into your
favorite editor. Since the cut buffer is globally shared
among different applications, you should regard it as a
`file' whose contents you know. The terminal emulator and
other text programs should be treating it as if it were a
text file, i.e., the text is delimited by new lines.
The scroll region displays the position and amount of text
currently showing in the window (highlighted) relative to
the amount of text actually saved. As more text is saved
(up to the maximum), the size of the highlighted area
decreases.
Clicking button one with the pointer in the scroll region
moves the adjacent line to the top of the display window.
Clicking button three moves the top line of the display
window down to the pointer position.
Clicking button two moves the display to a position in the
saved text that corresponds to the pointer's position in
the scrollbar.
Unlike the VT102 window, the Tektronix window dows not
allow the copying of text. It does allow Tektronix GIN
mode, and in this mode the cursor will change from an
arrow to a cross. Pressing any key will send that key and
the current coordinate of the cross cursor. Pressing but-
ton one, two, or three will return the letters `l', `m',
and `r', respectively. If the `shift' key is pressed when
a pointer button is pressed, the corresponding upper case
letter is sent. To distinguish a pointer button from a
key, the high bit of the character is set (but this is bit
is normally stripped unless the terminal mode is RAW; see
tty(4) for details).
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
MENUS
Xterm has four menus, named mainMenu, vtMenu, fontMenu,
and tekMenu. Each menu pops up under the correct combina-
tions of key and button presses. Most menus are divided
into two section, separated by a horizontal line. The top
portion contains various modes that can be altered. A
check mark appears next to a mode that is currently
active. Selecting one of these modes toggles its state.
The bottom portion of the menu are command entries;
selecting one of these performs the indicated function.
The xterm menu pops up when the ``control'' key and
pointer button one are pressed in a window. The mainMenu
contains items that apply to both the VT102 and Tektronix
windows. The Secure Keyboard mode is be used when typing
in passwords or other sensitive data in an unsecure envi-
ronment; see SECURITY below. Notable entries in the com-
mand section of the menu are the Continue, Suspend, Inter-
rupt, Hangup, Terminate and Kill which sends the SIGCONT,
SIGTSTP, SIGINT, SIGHUP, SIGTERM and SIGKILL signals,
respectively, to the process group of the process running
under xterm (usually the shell). The Continue function is
especially useful if the user has accidentally typed CTRL-
Z, suspending the process.
The vtMenu sets various modes in the VT102 emulation, and
is popped up when the ``control'' key and pointer button
two are pressed in the VT102 window. In the command sec-
tion of this menu, the soft reset entry will reset scroll
regions. This can be convenient when some program has
left the scroll regions set incorrectly (often a problem
when using VMS or TOPS-20). The full reset entry will
clear the screen, reset tabs to every eight columns, and
reset the terminal modes (such as wrap and smooth scroll)
to their initial states just after xterm has finished pro-
cessing the command line options.
The fontMenu sets the font used in the VT102 window. In
addition to the default font and a number of alternatives
that are set with resources, the menu offers the font last
specified by the Set Font escape sequence (see the docu-
ment Xterm Control Sequences) and the current selection as
a font name (if the PRIMARY selection is owned).
The tekMenu sets various modes in the Tektronix emulation,
and is popped up when the ``control'' key and pointer but-
ton two are pressed in the Tektronix window. The current
font size is checked in the modes section of the menu.
The PAGE entry in the command section clears the Tektronix
window.
SECURITY
X environments differ in their security consciousness.
MIT servers, run under xdm, are capable of using a ``magic
X Version 11 Release 5 22
XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
cookie'' authorization scheme that can provide a reason-
able level of security for many people. If your server is
only using a host-based mechanism to control access to the
server (see xhost(1)), then if you enable access for a
host and other users are also permitted to run clients on
that same host, there is every possibility that someone
can run an application that will use the basic services of
the X protocol to snoop on your activities, potentially
capturing a transcript of everything you type at the key-
board. This is of particular concern when you want to
type in a password or other sensitive data. The best
solution to this problem is to use a better authorization
mechanism that host-based control, but a simple mechanism
exists for protecting keyboard input in xterm.
The xterm menu (see MENUS above) contains a Secure Key-
board entry which, when enabled, ensures that all keyboard
input is directed only to xterm (using the GrabKeyboard
protocol request). When an application prompts you for a
password (or other sensitive data), you can enable Secure
Keyboard using the menu, type in the data, and then dis-
able Secure Keyboard using the menu again. Only one X
client at a time can secure the keyboard, so when you
attempt to enable Secure Keyboard it may fail. In this
case, the bell will sound. If the Secure Keyboard suc-
ceeds, the foreground and background colors will be
exchanged (as if you selected the Reverse Video entry in
the Modes menu); they will be exchanged again when you
exit secure mode. If the colors do not switch, then you
should be very suspicious that you are being spoofed. If
the application you are running displays a prompt before
asking for the password, it is safest to enter secure mode
before the prompt gets displayed, and to make sure that
the prompt gets displayed correctly (in the new colors),
to minimize the probability of spoofing. You can also
bring up the menu again and make sure that a check mark
appears next to the entry.
Secure Keyboard mode will be disabled automatically if
your xterm window becomes iconified (or otherwise
unmapped), or if you start up a reparenting window manager
(that places a title bar or other decoration around the
window) while in Secure Keyboard mode. (This is a feature
of the X protocol not easily overcome.) When this hap-
pens, the foreground and background colors will be
switched back and the bell will sound in warning.
CHARACTER CLASSES
Clicking the middle mouse button twice in rapid succession
will cause all characters of the same class (e.g. letters,
white space, punctuation) to be selected. Since different
people have different preferences for what should be
selected (for example, should filenames be selected as a
whole or only the separate subnames), the default mapping
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
can be overridden through the use of the charClass (class
CharClass) resource.
This resource is simply a list of range:value pairs where
the range is either a single number or low-high in the
range of 0 to 127, corresponding to the ASCII code for the
character or characters to be set. The value is arbi-
trary, although the default table uses the character num-
ber of the first character occurring in the set.
The default table is
static int charClass[128] = {
/* NUL SOH STX ETX EOT ENQ ACK BEL */
32, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
/* BS HT NL VT NP CR SO SI */
1, 32, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
/* DLE DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 NAK SYN ETB */
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
/* CAN EM SUB ESC FS GS RS US */
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
/* SP ! " # $ % & ' */
32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39,
/* ( ) * + , - . / */
40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47,
/* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 */
48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
/* 8 9 : ; < = > ? */
48, 48, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63,
/* @ A B C D E F G */
64, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
/* H I J K L M N O */
48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
/* P Q R S T U V W */
48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
/* X Y Z [ \ ] ^ */
48, 48, 48, 91, 92, 93, 94, 48,
/* ` a b c d e f g */
96, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
/* h i j k l m n o */
48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
/* p q r s t u v w */
48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
/* x y z { | } ~ DEL */
48, 48, 48, 123, 124, 125, 126, 1};
For example, the string ``33:48,37:48,45-47:48,64:48''
indicates that the exclamation mark, percent sign, dash,
period, slash, and ampersand characters should be treated
the same way as characters and numbers. This is very use-
ful for cutting and pasting electronic mailing addresses
and filenames.
X Version 11 Release 5 24
XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
ACTIONS
It is possible to rebind keys (or sequences of keys) to
arbitrary strings for input, by changing the translations
for the vt100 or tek4014 widgets. Changing the transla-
tions for events other than key and button events is not
expected, and will cause unpredictable behavior. The fol-
lowing actions are provided for using within the vt100 or
tek4014 translations resources:
bell([percent])
This action rings the keyboard bell at the speci-
fied percentage above or below the base volume.
ignore()
This action ignores the event but checks for spe-
cial pointer position escape sequences.
insert()
This action inserts the character or string asso-
ciated with the key that was pressed.
insert-seven-bit()
This action is a synonym for insert()
insert-eight-bit()
This action inserts an eight-bit (Meta) version of
the character or string associated with the key
that was pressed. The exact action depends on the
value of the eightBitInput resource.
insert-selection(sourcename [, ...])
This action inserts the string found in the selec-
tion or cutbuffer indicated by sourcename.
Sources are checked in the order given (case is
significant) until one is found. Commonly-used
selections include: PRIMARY, SECONDARY, and CLIP-
BOARD. Cut buffers are typically named
CUTBUFFER0 through CUTBUFFER7.
keymap(name)
This action dynamically defines a new translation
table whose resource name is name with the suffix
Keymap (case is significant). The name None
restores the original translation table.
popup-menu(menuname)
This action displays the specified popup menu.
Valid names (case is significant) include: main-
Menu, vtMenu, fontMenu, and tekMenu.
secure()
This action toggles the Secure Keyboard mode
described in the section named SECURITY, and is
invoked from the securekbd entry in mainMenu.
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
select-start()
This action begins text selection at the current
pointer location. See the section on POINTER
USAGE for information on making selections.
select-extend()
This action tracks the pointer and extends the
selection. It should only be bound to Motion
events.
select-end(destname [, ...])
This action puts the currently selected text into
all of the selections or cutbuffers specified by
destname.
select-cursor-start()
This action is similar to select-start except that
it begins the selection at the current text cursor
position.
select-cursor-end(destname [, ...])
This action is similar to select-end except that
it should be used with select-cursor-start.
set-vt-font(d/1/2/3/4/5/6/e/s [,normalfont [, boldfont]])
This action sets the font or fonts currently being
used in the VT102 window. The first argument is a
single character that specifies the font to be
used: d or D indicate the default font (the font
initially used when xterm was started), 1 through
6 indicate the fonts specified by the font1
through font6 resources, e or E indicate the nor-
mal and bold fonts that have been set through
escape codes (or specified as the second and third
action arguments, respectively), and s or S indi-
cate the font selection (as made by programs such
as xfontsel(1)) indicated by the second action
argument.
start-extend()
This action is similar to select-start except that
the selection is extended to the current pointer
location.
start-cursor-extend()
This action is similar to select-extend except
that the selection is extended to the current text
cursor position.
string(string)
This action inserts the specified text string as
if it had been typed. Quotation is necessary if
the string contains whitespace or non-alphanumeric
characters. If the string argument begins with
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
the characters ``0x'', it is interpreted as a hex
character constant.
scroll-back(count [,units])
This action scrolls the text window backward so
that text that had previously scrolled off the top
of the screen is now visible. The count argument
indicates the number of units (which may be page,
halfpage, pixel, or line) by which to scroll.
scroll-forw(count [,units])
This action scrolls is similar to scroll-back
except that it scrolls the other direction.
allow-send-events(on/off/toggle)
This action set or toggles the allowSendEvents
resource and is also invoked by the allowsends
entry in mainMenu.
set-logging(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the logging resource and is
also invoked by the logging entry in mainMenu.
redraw()
This action redraws the window and is also invoked
by the redraw entry in mainMenu.
send-signal(signame)
This action sends the signal named by signame to
the xterm subprocess (the shell or program speci-
fied with the -e command line option) and is also
invoked by the suspend, continue, interrupt,
hangup, terminate, and kill entries in mainMenu.
Allowable signal names are (case is not signifi-
cant): tstp (if supported by the operating sys-
tem), suspend (same as tstp), cont (if supported
by the operating system), int, hup, term, quit,
alrm, alarm (same as alrm) and kill.
quit() This action sends a SIGHUP to the subprogram and
exits. It is also invoked by the quit entry in
mainMenu.
set-scrollbar(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the scrollbar resource and is
also invoked by the scrollbar entry in vtMenu.
set-jumpscroll(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the jumpscroll resource and is
also invoked by the jumpscroll entry in vtMenu.
set-reverse-video(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the reverseVideo resource and
is also invoked by the reversevideo entry in
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
vtMenu.
set-autowrap(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles automatic wrapping of long
lines and is also invoked by the autowrap entry in
vtMenu.
set-reversewrap(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the reverseWrap resource and
is also invoked by the reversewrap entry in
vtMenu.
set-autolinefeed(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles automatic insertion of line-
feeds and is also invoked by the autolinefeed
entry in vtMenu.
set-appcursor(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the handling Application Cur-
sor Key mode and is also invoked by the Bappcursor
entry in vtMenu.
set-appkeypad(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the handling of Application
Keypad mode and is also invoked by the appkeypad
entry in vtMenu.
set-scroll-on-key(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the scrollKey resource and is
also invoked from the scrollkey entry in vtMenu.
set-scroll-on-tty-output(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the scrollTtyOutput resource
and is also invoked from the scrollttyoutput entry
in vtMenu.
set-allow132(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the c132 resource and is also
invoked from the allow132 entry in vtMenu.
set-cursesemul(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the curses resource and is
also invoked from the cursesemul entry in vtMenu.
set-visual-bell(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the visualBell resource and is
also invoked by the visualbell entry in vtMenu.
set-marginbell(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles the marginBell resource and is
also invoked from the marginbell entry in vtMenu.
set-altscreen(on/off/toggle)
This action toggles between the alternate and
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XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
current screens.
soft-reset()
This action resets the scrolling region and is
also invoked from the softreset entry in vtMenu.
hard-reset()
This action resets the scrolling region, tabs,
window size, and cursor keys and clears the
screen. It is also invoked from the hardreset
entry in vtMenu.
clear-saved-lines()
This action does hard-reset() (see above) and also
clears the history of lines saved off the top of
the screen. It is also invoked from the
clearsavedlines entry in vtMenu.
set-terminal-type(type)
This action directs output to either the vt or tek
windows, according to the type string. It is also
invoked by the tekmode entry in vtMenu and the
vtmode entry in tekMenu.
set-visibility(vt/tek,on/off/toggle)
This action controls whether or not the vt or tek
windows are visible. It is also invoked from the
tekshow and vthide entries in vtMenu and the
vtshow and tekhide entries in tekMenu.
set-tek-text(large/2/3/small)
This action sets font used in the Tektronix window
to the value of the resources tektextlarge, tek-
text2, tektext3, and tektextsmall according to the
argument. It is also by the entries of the same
names as the resources in tekMenu.
tek-page()
This action clears the Tektronix window and is
also invoked by the tekpage entry in tekMenu.
tek-reset()
This action resets the Tektronix window and is
also invoked by the tekreset entry in tekMenu.
tek-copy()
This action copies the escape codes used to gener-
ate the current window contents to a file in the
current directory beginning with the name COPY.
It is also invoked from the tekcopy entry in tek-
Menu.
visual-bell()
This action flashes the window quickly.
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The Tektronix window also has the following action:
gin-press(l/L/m/M/r/R)
This action sends the indicated graphics input
code.
The default bindings in the VT102 window are:
Shift <KeyPress> Prior: scroll-back(1,halfpage) \n\
Shift <KeyPress> Next: scroll-forw(1,halfpage) \n\
Shift <KeyPress> Select: select-cursor-start() \
select-cursor-end(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\
Shift <KeyPress> Insert: insert-selection(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\
~Meta<KeyPress>: insert-seven-bit() \n\
Meta<KeyPress>: insert-eight-bit() \n\
!Ctrl <Btn1Down>: popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\
!Lock Ctrl <Btn1Down>: popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\
~Meta <Btn1Down>: select-start() \n\
~Meta <Btn1Motion>: select-extend() \n\
!Ctrl <Btn2Down>: popup-menu(vtMenu) \n\
!Lock Ctrl <Btn2Down>: popup-menu(vtMenu) \n\
~Ctrl ~Meta <Btn2Down>: ignore() \n\
~Ctrl ~Meta <Btn2Up>: insert-selection(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\
!Ctrl <Btn3Down>: popup-menu(fontMenu) \n\
!Lock Ctrl <Btn3Down>: popup-menu(fontMenu) \n\
~Ctrl ~Meta <Btn3Down>: start-extend() \n\
~Meta <Btn3Motion>: select-extend() \n\
<BtnUp>:select-end(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\
<BtnDown>: bell(0)
The default bindings in the Tektronix window are:
~Meta<KeyPress>: insert-seven-bit() \n\
Meta<KeyPress>: insert-eight-bit() \n\
!Ctrl <Btn1Down>: popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\
!Lock Ctrl <Btn1Down>: popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\
!Ctrl <Btn2Down>: popup-menu(tekMenu) \n\
!Lock Ctrl <Btn2Down>: popup-menu(tekMenu) \n\
Shift ~Meta<Btn1Down>: gin-press(L) \n\
~Meta<Btn1Down>: gin-press(l) \n\
Shift ~Meta<Btn2Down>: gin-press(M) \n\
~Meta<Btn2Down>: gin-press(m) \n\
Shift ~Meta<Btn3Down>: gin-press(R) \n\
~Meta<Btn3Down>: gin-press(r)
Below is a sample how of the keymap() action is used to
add special keys for entering commonly-typed works:
*VT100.Translations: #override <Key>F13: keymap(dbx)
*VT100.dbxKeymap.translations: \
<Key>F14: keymap(None) \n\
<Key>F17: string("next") string(0x0d) \n\
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<Key>F18: string("step") string(0x0d) \n\
<Key>F19: string("continue") string(0x0d) \n\
<Key>F20: string("print ") insert-selection(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0)
ENVIRONMENT
Xterm sets the environment variables ``TERM'' and ``TERM-
CAP'' properly for the size window you have created. It
also uses and sets the environment variable ``DISPLAY'' to
specify which bit map display terminal to use. The envi-
ronment variable ``WINDOWID'' is set to the X window id
number of the xterm window.
SEE ALSO
resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4)
Xterm Control Sequences (in the xterm source directory)
BUGS
Large pastes do not work on some systems. This is not a
bug in xterm; it is a bug in the pseudo terminal driver of
those systems. xterm feeds large pastes to the pty only
as fast as the pty will accept data, but some pty drivers
do not return enough information to know if the write has
succeeded.
Many of the options are not resettable after xterm starts.
The Tek widget does not support key/button re-binding.
Only fixed-width, character-cell fonts are supported.
This program still needs to be rewritten. It should be
split into very modular sections, with the various emula-
tors being completely separate widgets that don't know
about each other. Ideally, you'd like to be able to pick
and choose emulator widgets and stick them into a single
control widget.
There needs to be a dialog box to allow entry of log file
name and the COPY file name.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 1989, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
See X(1) for a full statement of rights and permissions.
AUTHORS
Far too many people, including:
Loretta Guarino Reid (DEC-UEG-WSL), Joel McCormack (DEC-
UEG-WSL), Terry Weissman (DEC-UEG-WSL), Edward Moy (Berke-
ley), Ralph R. Swick (MIT-Athena), Mark Vandevoorde (MIT-
Athena), Bob McNamara (DEC-MAD), Jim Gettys (MIT-Athena),
Bob Scheifler (MIT X Consortium), Doug Mink (SAO), Steve
Pitschke (Stellar), Ron Newman (MIT-Athena), Jim Fulton
X Version 11 Release 5 31
XTERM(1) XTERM(1)
(MIT X Consortium), Dave Serisky (HP), Jonathan Kamens
(MIT-Athena)
X Version 11 Release 5 32