ms(5) ms(5)NAME ms - text formatting macros SYNOPSIS nroff -ms [nroff-options...] troff -ms [troff-options...] DESCRIPTION This package of nroff and troff macro definitions provides a formatting facility for various styles of articles, theses, and books. When producing 2-column output on a terminal or lineprinter, or when reverse line motions are needed, filter the output through col(1). All external ms macros are de- fined below. Many nroff and troff requests are unsafe in conjunction with this package. However, the first four re- quests below may be used with impunity after initialization, and the last two may be used even before initialization: .bp begin new page .br break output line .sp n insert n spacing lines .ce n center next n lines .ls n line spacing: n=1 single, n=2 double space .na no alignment of right margin Font and point size changes with \f and \s are also allowed; for example, \fIword\fP will produce word. Output of the tbl, eqn, and refer(1) preprocessors for equations, tables, and references is acceptable as input. Full details are provided in A/UX Text Processing Tools. FILES /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.x /usr/lib/ms/x.??? SEE ALSO eqn(1), refer(1), tbl(1), troff(1). ``ms Reference'' in A/UX Text Processing Tools. REQUESTS MACRO INITIAL BREAK? EXPLANATION NAME VALUE RESET? .AB x - y begin abstract; if x=no don't label abstract .AE - y end abstract .AI - y author's institution .AU - y author's name .B x - n embolden x; if no x, switch to boldface .B1 - y begin text to be enclosed in a box .B2 - y end boxed text and print it April, 1990 1
ms(5) ms(5).BT date n bottom title, printed at foot of page .BX x - n print word x in a box .CM if t n cut mark between pages .CT - y,y chapter title: page number moved to CF (TM only) .DA x if n n force date x at bottom of page; today if no x .DE - y end display (unfilled text) of any kind .DS x y I ybegin display with keep; x=I,L,C,B; y=indent .ID y 8n,.5i y indented display with no keep; y=indent .LD - y left display with no keep .CD - y centered display with no keep .BD - y block display; center entire block .EF x - n even page footer x (3 part as for .tl) .EH x - n even page header x (3 part as for .tl) .EN - y end displayed equation produced by eqn .EQ x y - ybreak out equation; x=L,I,C; y=equation number .FE - n end footnote to be placed at bottom of page .FP - n numbered footnote paragraph; may be redefined .FS x - n start footnote; x is optional footnote label .HD undef n optional page header below header margin .I x - n italicize x; if no x, switch to italics .IP x y - y,yindented paragraph, with hanging tag x; y=indent .IX x y - yindex words x y and so on (up to 5 levels) .KE - n end keep of any kind .KF - n begin floating keep; text fills remainder of page .KS - y begin keep; unit kept together on a single page .LG - n larger; increase point size by 2 .LP - y,y left (block) paragraph. .MC x - y,y multiple columns; x=column width .ND x if t n no date in page footer; x is date on cover .NH x y - y,ynumbered header; x=level, x=0 resets, x=S sets to y .NL 10p n set point size back to normal .OF x - n odd page footer x (3 part as for .tl) .OH x - n odd page header x (3 part as for .tl) .P1 if TM n print header on 1st page .PP - y,y paragraph with first line indented .PT - % - n page title, printed at head of page .PX x - y print index (table of contents); x=no suppresses title .QP - y,y quote paragraph (indented and shorter) .R on n return to Roman font .RE 5n y,y retreat: end level of relative indentation .RP x - n released paper format; x=no stops title on 1st page .RS 5n y,y right shift: start level of relative indentation .SH - y,y section header, in boldface .SM - n smaller; decrease point size by 2 .TA 8n,5n n set tabs to 8n 16n ... (nroff) 5n 10n ... (troff) .TC x - y print table of contents at end; x=no suppresses title .TE - y end of table processed by tbl .TH - y end multi-page header of table .TL - y title in boldface and two points larger .TM off n thesis mode .TS x - y,y begin table; if x=H table has multi-page header .UL x - n underline x (troff) 2 April, 1990
ms(5) ms(5).UX x - n UNIX; trademark message first time; x appended .XA x y - yanother index entry; x=page or no for none; y=indent .XE - y end index entry (or series of .IX entries) .XP - y,y paragraph with first line exdented, others indented .XS x y - ybegin index entry; x=page or no for none; y=indent .1C on y,y one column format, on a new page .2C - y,y begin two column format .]- - n beginning of refer reference .[0 - n end of unclassifiable type of reference .[N - n N= 1:journal-article, 2:book, 3:book-article, 4:report REGISTERS Formatting distances can be controlled in ms by means of built-in number registers. For example, this sets the line length to 6.5 inches:.nr LL 6.5iHere is a table of number registers and their default values: PS point size paragraph 10 VS vertical spacing paragraph 12 LL line length paragraph 6i LT title length next page same as LL FL footnote length next .FS 5.5i PD paragraph distance paragraph 1v (if n), .3v (if t) DD display distance displays 1v (if n), .5v (if t) PI paragraph indent paragraph 5n QI quote indent next .QP 5n FI footnote indent next .FS 2n PO page offset next page 0 (if n), 1i (if t)~HM header margin next page 1iFM footer margin next page 1i FF footnote format next .FS 0 (1, 2, 3 available)When resetting these values, make sure to specify the ap-propriate units. Setting the line length to 7, for example,will result in output with one character per line. SettingFF to 1 suppresses footnote superscripting; setting it to 2also suppresses indentation of the first line; and settingit to 3 produces an .IP-like footnote paragraph.Here is a list of string registers available in ms; they maybe used anywhere in the text:NAME STRING'S FUNCTION\*Q quote (" in nroff, `` in troff)\*U unquote (" in nroff, '' in troff)\*- dash (-- in nroff, - in troff)\*(MO month (month of the year)\*(DY day (current date)\** automatically numbered footnote\*' acute accent (before letter)April, 1990 3
ms(5) ms(5)\*` grave accent (before letter) \*^ circumflex (before letter) \*, cedilla (before letter) \*: umlaut (before letter) \*~ tilde (before letter)BUGSFloating keeps and regular keeps are diverted to the samespace, so they cannot be mixed together with predictableresults.4 April, 1990