tr(1)                                                       tr(1)



     NAME
          tr - translate characters

     SYNOPSIS
          tr [-c] [-d] [-s] [string1 [string2]]

     DESCRIPTION
          tr copies the standard input to the standard output with
          substitution or deletion of selected characters.  Input
          characters found in string1 are mapped into the correspond-
          ing characters of string2.  For the substitution to work
          correctly, string2 must have at least as many characters as
          string1; excess characters in either string are ignored by
          tr.  Similarly, when using the -c option, string1 must have
          at least as many characters as the complement of string1.
          Any combination of the flag options -cds may be used.

          -c     Complements the set of characters in string1 with
                 respect to the universe of characters whose ASCII
                 codes are 001 through 377 octal.

          -d     Deletes all input characters in string1.

          -s     Squeezes all strings of repeated output characters in
                 string2 into single characters.

          The following abbreviation conventions may be used to intro-
          duce ranges of characters or repeated characters into the
          strings.

          [a-z]  Stands for the string of characters whose ASCII codes
                 run from character a to character z, inclusive.

          [a*n]  Stands for n repetitions of a.  If the first digit of
                 n is 0, n is considered octal; otherwise, n is taken
                 to be decimal.  A zero or missing n is taken to be
                 huge; this facility is useful for padding string2.

          The escape character \ may be used, as in the shell, to re-
          move special meaning from any character in a string.  In ad-
          dition, \ followed by 1, 2, or 3 octal digits stands for the
          character whose ASCII code is given by those digits.

     EXAMPLES
          tr -cs "[A-Z][a-z]" "[\012*]" <file1 >file2

          creates a list of all the words in file1, one per line in
          file2, where a word is taken to be a maximal string of al-
          phabetics.  (The strings are quoted to protect the special
          characters from interpretation by the shell; 012 is the
          ASCII code for newline.)  This was accomplished via the fol-
          lowing translations:  tr substitutes the newline character



     April, 1990                                                     1

     tr(1)                                                       tr(1)



          for all the alphabetics in file1, reconstitutes the alpha-
          betics with the -c flag option, squeezes the newlines to one
          per occurrence with the -s flag option, and directs the out-
          put to file2.

     FILES
          /usr/bin/tr

     SEE ALSO
          dd(1), ed(1), sh(1), ascii(5),
          ``Other Text Processing Tools'' in A/UX Text Processing
          Tools.

     BUGS
          Won't handle ASCII NUL in string1 or string2; always deletes
          NUL from input.







































     2                                                     April, 1990