newgrp(1)                                               newgrp(1)



     NAME
          newgrp - log in to a new group

     SYNOPSIS
          newgrp [-] [group]

     DESCRIPTION
          newgrp changes a user's group identification.  The user
          remains logged in, and the current directory is unchanged,
          but calculations of access permissions to files are
          performed with respect to the new real and effective group
          IDs.  The user is always given a new shell, replacing the
          current shell, by newgrp , regardless of whether it
          terminated successfully or due to an error condition (i.e.,
          unknown group).

          Exported variables retain their values after invoking
          newgrp; however, all unexported variables are either reset
          to their default value or set to null.  System variables
          (such as PS1,PS2,PATH, andHOME), unless exported by the
          system or explicitly exported by the user, are reset to
          default values.  For example, a user has a primary prompt
          string (PS1) other than $ (default) and has not exported
          PS1.  After an invocation of newgrp , successful or not,
          their PS1 will now be set to the default prompt string $.
          Note that the shell command export (see sh(1)) is the method
          to export variables so that they retain their assigned value
          when invoking new shells.

          With no arguments, newgrp changes the group identification
          back to the group specified in the user's password file
          entry.

          If the first argument to newgrp is a -, the environment is
          changed to what would be expected if the user actually
          logged in again.

          A password is demanded if the group has a password and the
          user does not, or if the group has a password and the user
          is not listed in /etc/group as being a member of that group.

     EXAMPLE
               newgrp grpnam

          would set the user's group ID to that of the group named
          grpnam.

     FILES
          /bin/newgrp
          /etc/group
          /etc/passwd




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     newgrp(1)                                               newgrp(1)



     SEE ALSO
          login(1), sh(1), group(4), passwd(4), environ(5).

     BUGS
          There is no convenient way to enter a password into
          /etc/group.  Use of group passwords is not encouraged,
          because, by their very nature, they encourage poor security
          practices.  Group passwords may disappear in the future.















































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