chmod(1)                                                 chmod(1)



     NAME
          chmod - change mode

     SYNOPSIS
          chmod mode files

     DESCRIPTION
          The permissions of the named files are changed according to
          mode, which may be absolute or symbolic.  An absolute mode
          is an octal number constructed from the OR of the following
          modes:

               4000    set user ID on execution
               2000    set group ID on execution
               1000    sticky bit, see chmod(2)
               0400    read by owner
               0200    write by owner
               0100    execute (search in directory) by owner
               0070    read, write, execute (search) by group
               0007    read, write, execute (search) by others

          A symbolic mode has the form:

               [who] op permission [op permission]

          The who part is a combination of the letters u (for user's
          permissions), g (group) and o (other).  The letter a stands
          for ugo, the default if who is omitted.

          op can be + to add permission to the file's mode, - to take
          away permission, or = to assign permission absolutely (all
          other bits will be reset).

          permission is any combination of the letters r (read), w
          (write), x (execute), s (set owner or group ID) and t (save
          text, or sticky); u, g, or o indicate that permission is to
          be taken from the current mode.  Omitting permission is only
          useful with = to take away all permissions.

          Multiple symbolic modes separated by commas may be given.
          Operations are performed in the order specified.  The letter
          s is only useful with u or g and t only works with u.

          Only the owner of a file (or the super-user) may change its
          mode.  Only the super-user may set the sticky bit.  In order
          to set the group ID, the group of the file must correspond
          to your current group ID.

     EXAMPLE
               chmod 755 filename

          changes the mode of filename to: read, write, execute



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     chmod(1)                                                 chmod(1)



          (400+200+100) by owner; read, execute (40+10) for group;
          read, execute (4+1) for others. An ls -l of filename shows
          [-rwxr-xr-x filename] that the requested mode is in effect.

               chmod = filename

          will take away all permissions from filename, including
          yours.

               chmod o-w file

          denies write permission to others.

               chmod +x file

          makes a file executable.

     FILES
          /bin/chmod

     SEE ALSO
          ls(1), chmod(2).

































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