9.5;wbak (write_backup), revision 9.5, 87/03/20
WBAK (WRITE_BACKUP) -- Create a magnetic media backup file.
usage: WBAK -F fileno [-DEV | M<u> | F | CT] [-FULL|-INCR|-AF dtm|-BEF dtm]
[-FID id] [-OWN id] [-VID vol_id]
[-SLA|-NSLA] [-WLA|-NWLA] [-NHI] [-REO]
[-RETEN|-NRETEN] [-NO_EOT] [-SYSBOOT]
[-L|-LD|-LF|-LL]... pathname... {CL}
FORMAT
WBAK pathname ... -F file_no [options] [-]
WBAK writes one or more objects to a magnetic media backup file. These
objects may be directory trees, files, or links. For each object, the
information saved includes the name, object data, and attributes associated
with the object, such as the access control list. This lets you reconstruct
files, the directory tree, or any portion of the tree using the RBAK
(READ_BACKUP) command.
The WBAK and RBAK commands are intended both for disk backup and for
interchanging information between separate DOMAIN installations. Use the RWMT
(READ_WRITE_MAGTAPE) command to read and write magnetic media which are used
for interchanging information with non-DOMAIN installations.
Refer to the WBAK command description in the "DOMAIN System Command Reference
Manual" for details about DOMAIN tape structures, disk backup histories, tape
file identification, and other related topics.
COMMAND LINE SUMMARY (Complete description follows.)
-F fileno|CUR|END
specifies backup file number.
-FID fileid specifies a 1-17 character name to be associated with
the backup file
-DEV d[unit] specifies device type and unit number
-FULL causes a "full" backup to occur; all files in specified
trees are saved
-INCR causes an incremental backup to occur
-AFter dtm causes all files modified after the given date and time
to be saved; dtm is in the form "yy/mm/dd.hh:mm",
"yy/mm/dd" (midnight), or "hh:mm" (today)
-BEFore dtm causes all files modified before the given date and time
to be saved
-SLA causes the label information written for this backup
file to be written to standard-output ("show label")
-NSLA suppresses output of label information
-WLA causes the magnetic media volume label to be written if
the backup file number is 1 (default)
-NWLA suppresses writing of the magnetic media volume label
-OWNer id specifies magnetic media volume owner (used when writing
volume labels); this is a 1-14 character name
-VID vol_id specifies magnetic media volume name (used when writing
volume labels); this is a 1-6 character name
-NHI causes update of the backup history file to be suppressed
-L causes the names of all files, directories, and links
saved be written to standard output
-LD, -LF, -LL causes the names of all files (-LF), directories (-LD),
or links (-LL) saved to be written to standard output
-REOpen causes previous volume to be reopened, and suppresses
reading of magnetic media volume label; use only when media
has not been repositioned since last invocation of WBAK or
RBAK.
-RETEN retension a cartridge tape
-NRETEN do not retension a cartridge tape
-NO_EOT suppress double end-of-tape marks for cartridge tapes
-SYSBOOT permit use of a bootable cartridge tape
FULL DESCRIPTIONS
ARGUMENTS
pathname
(required) Specify the name of the object to be written to backup
media. This may be a directory, file, or link. If it is a
file, then the file is written as specified. If it is a
link, then the link is resolved and the resolution object
is written to backup media. If it is a directory, all
subordinate files and subdirectories in the tree are
written. Note that the pathname specified reflects the way
the directory is stored on the backup media, and that the
same name must be used when reading files using pathnames
in RBAK. Multiple pathnames and wildcarding are permitted.
If you omit this argument, WBAK will prompt you for it.
You may specify a hyphen (-) as an argument to direct WBAK
to standard input for further arguments and options.
OPTIONS
The -F option is required, as it specifies where on the backup media the new
file is to be written. If you omit it, WBAK will prompt you for it.
Default options are indicated by "(D)."
Tape File Identifiers
-FID file_id Specify a 1-17 character file ID to be written in the file
header label for use when writing a file to a labeled
volume. If this option is omitted, the file is not named
and can only be restored by the file number.
-F [position]
Specify the file position for the write operation. Valid
values for 'position' are "CUR", "END", or a nonzero
integer. A position of "CUR" specifies that the file
should be written at the current position on the backup
media; the media must have been previously written by WBAK
and its position must not have been disturbed.
A position of "END" specifies that the file should be
written at the end of the backup media file set. This
causes WBAK to append the specified disk file ('pathname'
argument) to the very end of the file set.
A position specified by a nonzero integer value causes the
file to be written at that absolute position in the backup
media volume. If multiple 'pathname' arguments are
supplied, the value of 'position' is incremented by one
after each file has been written.
The default value for 'position' is 1.
Mode Control
The object specified by the 'pathname' argument must be a directory for either
-FULL or -INCR to have meaning.
-FULL (D) Specify a full backup; save all files in specified trees.
-INCR Specify an incremental backup; save files which were
modified since the last backup recorded in the
BACKUP_HISTORY file stored in the 'pathname' directory.
-AF dtm Save all files modified after the given date and time; dtm
is in the form "yy/mm/dd.hh:mm". The date defaults to
today, and the time to midnight if either of those are
omitted from dtm.
-BEF dtm Save all files last modified before the given date and
time.
Label Control
-WLA (D) Write the backup media volume label if the backup file
number is 1.
-NWLA Suppress writing of the backup media volume label.
-OWN id Specify backup media volume owner (1-14 character name).
This option is only meaningful when used with the -WLA
option.
-VID vol_id Specify a 1-6 character volume ID for use when labeling a
volume. This option is only meaningful when the backup
file number is 1. The default volume ID is ' ' (blank).
-SLA (D) Display the label information written for this backup file
on standard output.
-NSLA Suppress output of label information.
Listing Control
You may include the -L option, or any combination of -LD, -LF, AND -LL.
-L Write the names of all files, directories, and links saved
to standard output.
-LF Write the names of all files saved to standard output.
-LD Write the names of all directories saved to standard
output.
-LL Write the names of all links saved to standard output.
Backup Device Control
-DEV d[unit] Specify device type and unit number. 'd' must be either
'M' (for reel-to-reel magnetic tape), 'CT' (for cartridge
tape), or 'F' (for floppy), depending on which drive is
being used. 'unit' is an integer (0-3). Both are required
for reel-to-reel tapes (i.e., -DEV M2). A unit number is
NOT required for floppy disks and cartridge tapes (i.e.,
-DEV F). If this option is omitted, RBAK assumes device
M0.
CAUTION: Floppy disk support for this command is limited.
In particular, error detection during reads and
writes is poor. DO NOT use this command with
floppy disks when the data being placed on the
floppy disks are critical and unrecoverable.
-REO Force previous backup media volume to be reopened, and
suppress reading of backup media volume label. Use only
when backup media has not been repositioned since last WBAK
or RBAK.
Special Cartridge Tape Control Options
-RETEN Retension the cartridge tape (unwind to the end, then
rewind). This can be helpful if you have encountered
cartridge tape reading errors. Retensioning requires about
1.5 minutes to complete.
-NRETEN (D) Do not retension the cartridge tape.
-NO_EOT Suppress the writing of two tape marks at the end of the
tape file, which are the standard signal for end of tape.
The cartridge can't position between the two tapemarks to
be ready for a successive call to WBAK (as it does on
magtape), without rewinding the tape and searching forward,
so this option speeds up multiple invocations of WBAK. It
SHOULD NOT be used on the LAST invocation of WBAK. Also,
'-F CUR' should be used on all WBAK invocations in a series
except the first one.
-SYSBOOT Permit use of a bootable tape that has a special boot
program at the beginning. This option causes WBAK to skip
over the first file on the tape. This option is only
necessary when the first file on the tape is being written
('-F 1').
Miscellaneous Control Options
-NHI Suppress update of the backup history file.
- (hyphen) Read standard input for further arguments or options; input
is accepted until WBAK receives an EOF (CTRL/Z by default).
-PDTU Preserves the last date/time-used information on objects.
After each object is backed up on tape, the date/time-used
information is reset to the value it had before the backup.
This command uses the command line parser, and so also accepts the standard
command options listed in HELP CL.
EXAMPLES
1. $ wbak //mask/wby -f 1 -af 81/11/19.12.00 -fid wby -L
This command writes the directory //MASK/WBY to tape. The directory is
written out to tape file one, and the file ID "wby" is written to the file's
label. Disk files from directory WBY are written to the tape only if they have
been modified since noon on November 19, 198l. The label and the names of the
files written to tape are printed to standard output.
When this command is executed, WBAK writes the following information to
standard output:
Label:
File number: 1
File section: 1
File ID: wby
Date written: l981/ll/20 10:47:58 EST
Starting write:
(file) "//mask/wby/among" written
(file) "//mask/wby/school" written
(file) "//mask/wby/children" written
(file) "//mask/wby/backup_history" written
(dir) "//mask/wby/" written.
Write complete.
2. $ wbak -f 1 -own "john doe" -vid "volbk2" -fid "node 27 backup" //gooey
This command backs up the entire contents of the node whose entry directory
name is "gooey". Note that the file ID is specified as "node 27 backup" to
make it easy to identify when you want to reload it, and that the command
assigns volume and owner IDs.
When this command is executed, WBAK writes the following information to
standard output:
Label:
Volume ID: VOLBK2
Owner ID: john doe
File number: 1
File section: 1
File ID: n 27 backup
File written: 1983/02/17 18:00:39 EST
Starting write:
Write complete.
3. $ wbak -f 1 -own "john doe" -vid "volbk1" ug/[a-f]?*_example -l
This command uses wildcards to match only those files in the "ug" subdirectory
of the current working directory whose names begin with the letters "a"
through "f" and end with "_example".
When this command is executed, WBAK writes the following information to
standard output:
Label:
Volume ID: VOLBK1
Owner ID: john doe
File number: 1
File section: 1
File ID: (no ID specified)
File written: 1983/02/17 17:58:52 EST
Starting write:
(file) "ug/cmf_example" written.
(file) "ug/cmt_example" written.
(file) "ug/cpboot_example" written.
(file) "ug/cpf_example" written.
(file) "ug/cpt_example" written.
(file) "ug/fpat_example" written.
(file) "ug/fppmask_example" written.
(file) "ug/fst_example" written.
Write complete.
RELATED TOPICS
More information is available. Type:
- HELP RBAK
for details about reading magnetic media backup files.
- HELP RWMT
for details about reading or writing tapes from non-DOMAIN installations.
- HELP MAGTAPE
for general information on magnetic tape usage and support.
- HELP CARTRIDGE
for general information on cartridge tape usage and support.